1、 () ISO/ASTM 51431:2005 Practice for dosimetry in electron beam and X-ray (bremsstrahlung) irradiation facilities for food processing (IDT) / 51431 2012 2014 / 514312012 II 1 - - ( ) - ( ) , 4 2 335 - 3 - 29 2012 . 1744- 4 ISO/ASTM 51431:2005 - () (ISO/ASTM 51431:2005 Practice for dosimetry in elect
2、ron beam and X-ray (bremsstrahlung) irradiation facilities for food processing) / 51431 ASTM E 10 , 10.01, / 85 . 5 1.02012 ( 8). ( 1 ) , - . () - - . , (gost.ru) , 2014 , - . / 514312012 1 () Practice for dosimetry in electron beam and X-ray (bremsstrahlung) irradiation facilities for food processi
3、ng 20140101 1 1.1 - , , , (-) , , - . , - , , . , , -, (. ASTM F 1355, F 1356, F 1736 F 1885). 1 , , - . 2 , -, , ISO/ASTM 51204. 1.2 - ISO/ASTM 51261 ASTM E 666. . ASTM E 1026 E 2304, ISO/ASTM 51205, 51275, 51276, 51310, 51401, 51538, 51540, 51607, 51650 51956. ICRU 35 14. ICRU 34. 1.3 - , - () -,
4、( 35 ) . , , . - ISO/ASTM 51649. , , ISO/ASTM 51608. 1.4 , , . . / 514312012 2 2 2.1 ASTM:1 E 170 , (Terminology relating to radiation measurements and dosimetry) E 666 - - (Practice for calculating absorbed dose from gamma or X Radiation) E 1026 (Practice for using the Fricke reference standard dos
5、imetry system) E 2232 - (Guide for selection and use of mathematical models for calculating absorbed dose in radiation processing applications) E 2303 - (Guide for absorbed-dose mapping in radiation processing facilities) E 2304 - LiF (Practice for use of a LiF photo-fluorescent film dosimetry syste
6、m) F 1355 (Guide for irradiation of fresh agricultural products as a phytosanitary treatment) F 1356 (Guide for the irradiation of fresh and frozen red meat and poultry to control pathogens and other microorganisms) F 1736 , - , (Guide for the irradiation of finfish and shellfish to control pathogen
7、s and spoilage microorganisms) F 1885 , - (Guide for irradiation of dried spices, herbs, and vegetable seasonings to control pathogens and other microorganisms) 2.2 ISO/ASTM2: 51204 - (Practice for dosimetry in gamma irradiation facilities for food processing) 51205 - - (Practice for use of a cericc
8、erous sulfate dosimetry system) 51261 - (Guide for selection and calibration of dosimetry systems for radiation processing) 51275 (Practice for use of a radiochromic film dosimetry system) 51276 - (Practice for use of a polymethylmethacrylate dosimetry system) 51310 - (Practice for use of a radiochr
9、omic optical waveguide dosimetry system) 51400 (Practice for characterization and performance of a high-dose ra-diation dosimetry calibration laboratory) 51401 (Practice for use of a dichromate dosimetry system) 51538 - (Practice for use of an ethanol-chlorobenzene dosimetry system) 51539 (Guide for
10、 the use of radiation-sensitive indicators) 51540 (Practice for the use of a radiochromic liquid dosimetry system) 1 ASTM ISO/ASTM . ASTM www.astm.org ASTM Customer Service serviceastm.org. ASTM ASTM. 2 ASTM ISO/ASTM . ASTM www.astm.org, ASTM Customer Service serviceastm.org. ASTM ASTM. / 514312012
11、3 51607 - (Practice for the use of the alanine-EPR dosimetry system) 51608 () (Practice for dosimetry in an X-ray (Bremsstrahlung) facility for radiation process-ing) 51631 (Practice for use of calorimetric do-simetry systems for electron beam dose measurements and dosimeter calibrations) 51649 300
12、25 (Practice for dosimetry in electron beam facility for radiation processing at energies between 300 keV and 25 MeV) 51650 - (Practice for the use of a cellulose triacetate dosimetry system) 51707 (Guide for estimating uncertainties in dosimetry for radiation processing) 51956 (TLD) - (Practice for
13、 use of thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) systems for radiation processing) 2.3 (ICRU)1: ICRU Report 14 Radiation dosimetry: X rays and gamma rays with maximum photon energies be-tween 0,6 and 50 MeV ICRU Report 34 The dosimetry of pulsed radiation ICRU Report 35 Radiation dosimetry: Electron beams
14、 with energies between 1 and 50 MeV ICRU Report 37 Stopping powers for electrons and positrons ICRU Report 60 Fundamental quantities and units for ionizing radiation 3 3.1 -: 3.1.1 , D (absorbed dose): , . (), 1 , 1 , (1 = 1 /). d dm, d , - dm (. ICRU 60). D = d /dm (1) 3.1.1.1 (1 = 100 / = 0,01 ). . . . , , , . - , - , - . - . , . , ISO/ASTM 51261. 3.1.2 ( ) (absorbed-dose mapping): -, -, -, -1 , 7910 Woodmont Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A. / 514312012 4 , . 3.1.3 (average beam current): . 3.1.3.1 . 3.1.4 (beam length): -, (. 1). 1 , 3.1.4.1 (1) . (2) - , . (3) -
