1、Doc 9816 ANI448 Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority First Edition - 2004 International Civil Aviation Organization Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo repro
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18、 by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Doc 9816 AN/448 Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority First Edition - 2004 International Civil Aviation Organization
19、 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AMENDMENTS The issue of amendments is announced regularly in the ICAO Journal and in the monthly Supplement to the Catalogue
20、of ICAO Publications and Audio-visual Training Aids, which holders of this publication should consult. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA Entered of issue entered RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA (ii) Copyright International Civil Aviation Organ
21、ization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORD This document contains a comprehensive description of the Very High Frequency (VHF) Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 data link, notably the capabilities, technical char
22、acteristics, and modes of operation of VDL Mode 4. It complements the Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) for VDL Mode 4 as contained in Annex 10 to the Convention on Intemational Civil Aviation - Aeronautical Telecommunications, Volume III, Part I - Digital Data Communication Systems. Part
23、I of this document - Implementation Aspects of the Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4, comprises of five chapters which describe the implementation of VDL Mode 4. They are as follows: Chapter 1, Part I of this document provides an overview of the role of VDL Mode 4 services in support of the op
24、erations in Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) and in Air Traffic Management (ATM), and it also describes the key functions and applications supported by the system. Chapter 2, Part I provides a technical description of VDL Mode 4 and its operating principles. Chapter 3, Part I addres
25、ses the architecture and implementation options for airborne, ground, airport and surface vehicle installations. Chapter 4, Part I describes the methods for channel management and channel switching in VDL Mode 4, with focus on Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) operation. Chapter 5
26、, Part I describes potential future applications of VDL Mode 4. Meanwhile, Part II of this document - Detailed Technical Specifications of the Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4, is made up of four chapters outlining the detailed technical specifications of VDL Mode 4. They are as follows: Chap
27、ter 1, Part II of this document describes the link layer protocols and services, including the Media Access Control sub-layer, VLD Mode 4 specific services sub-layer, data link service sub-layer, and link management entity sub-layer. Chapter 2, Part II describes the VDL Mode 4 subnetwork dependent c
28、onvergence function. Chapter 3, Part II provides additional material for ADS-B applications. Chapter 4, Part II offers definitions for Compact Position Reporting, including fixed data field encoding and decoding, information field offset encoding and decoding, patch ID encoding and decoding, and pos
29、ition report processing. Comments on this document would be appreciated from all parties involved in the implementation of aeronautical mobile communication. These comments should be addressed to: The Secretary General International Civil Aviation Organization 999 University Street Montral, Quebec H
30、3C 5H7 Canada (iii) Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iv) Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 Note 1.- References to Annex 10 are made to include all amendm
31、ents up to Amendment 78. Paragraph numbering in later editions of Annex IO may change and affect the references in this document. Note 2.- Regular updates to this document may be found at the Aeronautical Communications Panel website (http:/www. icao. int/anb/panels/A CP/). Copyright International C
32、ivil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I . IMPLEMENTATION ASPECTS Page List of illustrations . I-() Acronyms. abbreviations and symbols . I-(v) Chapter 1 . The role of
33、 VDL Mode 4 in CNS and ATM operations 1-1-1 1.1 Introduction I-l-l 1.2 Background to the development of VDL Mode 4 I-l-l 1.3 Technical context of the functional capabilities 1-1-1 1.4 Overview of VDL Mode 4 services I- 1-3 1.5 Communication services . 1-1-3 1.5.1 Broadcast services 1-1-3 1 S.2 End-t
34、o-end communication services . 1-1-3 1.6 Surveillance functions and applications of VDL Mode 4 1-1-4 1.6.1 Use of multiple channels . 1-1-4 1.6.2 Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) . 1-1-5 1.6.3 Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Contract (ADS-C) 1-1-6 1.6.4 Illustrative uses of Au
35、tomatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS) applications . I- 1-6 1.7 VDL Mode 4 capabilities . I- 1 . 11 Chapter 2 . Technical description and operating principles of VDL Mode 4 1-2-1 2.1 Introduction 1-2- 1 2.2 Physical elements . 1-2- 1 2.2.1 Overview 1-2-1 2.2.2 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS
36、) receiver 1-2-1 2.2.3 Very High Frequency (Vm transceiver . 1-2-2 2.2.4 Spectrum . 1-2-2 2.2.5 Communication processor . 1-2-3 2.3 Functional design principles 1-2-3 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networkin
37、g permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(vi) Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 2.4 Functional elements . 2.4.1 Physical layer 2.4.2 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) frame structure 2.4.3 System timing 2.4.4 Position information and synchronization bursts 2.4.5 Message types and structure
38、2.4.6 Slot selection . 2.4.7 Operating modes . 2.4.8 Slot access management . 2.4.10 Link management . 2.4.9 Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) communication mechanisms . Page 1-2-4 1-2-4 1-2-5 1-2-5 1-2-8 1-2-8 1-2-10 1-2-13 1-2- 14 1-2-25 1-2-39 2.5 Operation 1-2-51 2.5.1 Mobile stations
39、 . 1-2-52 2.5.2 Ground stations 1-2-54 Append= A to Chapter 2 . Link management . I-2A-1 1 . Synchronization burst I-2A-1 2 . General burst header . I-2A-1 3 . Fixed data field of synchronization burst . I-2A-2 4 . Variable data field of synchronization burst . I-2A-3 5 . Directory of Services (DOS)
40、 message I-2A-4 Appendix B to Chapter 2 . Automatic Dependent Surveillance . Broadcast (ADS-B) implementation . I-2B-1 1 . Fixed data field . I-2B-1 2 . Variable data fields I-2B-1 Appendix C to Chapter 2 . Compact Position Reporting (CPR) encoding algorithm . I-2C-1 1 . 3 5 . 6 . 7 . Characteristic
41、s of the Compact Position Reporting (CPR) algorithm I-2C-1 Compact Position Reporting (CPR): Constants, variables and functions . I-2C-2 Compact Position Reporting (CPR) decoding from a single report . I-2C-10 Compact Position Reporting (CPR) global decoding with two reports I-2C-14 Compact Position
42、 Reporting (CPR) position report processing . I-2C-18 2 . Representation of latitude and longitude angles I-2C-2 4 . Compact Position Reporting (CPR) encoding . I-2C-6 Appendix D to Chapter 2 . Network entry: threshold value for CGl counter . I-2D-1 Chapter 3 . Architectures and implementations 1-3-
43、1 3.1 Introduction 1-3-1 3.2 Redundancy considerations 1-3-1 3.2.1 Introduction 1-3-1 3.2.2 Availability, continuity and integrity requirements 1-3-2 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
44、ut license from IHS-,-,-Part I . Implementation aspects Table of Contents (vii) Page 3.3 Aircraft architectures and implementation aspects . 1-3-4 3.3.1 Introduction 1-3-4 3.3.2 Interfaces 1-3-4 3.3.3 Transceiver configuration options . 1-3-5 3.3.4 Antenna installation considerations 1-3-6 3.3.5 Exa
45、mples of equipage levels . 1-3-7 3.3.6 Cockpit display . 1-3-8 3.3.7 Redundancy aspects of aircraft installation . 1-3-8 3.3.8 Aircraft retrofit aspects 1-3-12 3.4 Ground architectures and implementation aspects . 3.4.1 Introduction 3.4.2 Ground architecture elements 3.4.3 Implementation options . 3
46、.4.4 Data distribution in a ground network . 3.4.5 System resource management 3.4.6 Directosr of Services (Dos) 3.4.7 Implementation of applications . 1-3-12 1-3-12 1-3-12 1-3-16 1-3-16 1-3- 18 1-3-18 1-3-19 3.5 Airport and vehicle architectures and implementation aspects . 1-3-20 3.5.1 Mobile stati
47、ons . 1-3-21 3.5.2 Ground controller display 1-3-21 3.5.3 Ground stations 1-3-21 3.5.4 VHF channel requirements . 1-3-21 3.5.5 Operational aspects . 1-3-21 3.6 Applications 1-3-23 3.6.1 Surface movement surveillance . 1-3-23 3.6.2 Runway incursion monitoring (RIM) 1-3-23 3.6.3 Snow clearing operatio
48、ns 1-3-23 3.6.4 Rescue coordination 1-3-24 3.7 Procedures . 1-3-24 3.8 Certification and approval aspects . 1-3-24 Chapter 4 . Channel management 1-4-1 4.1 Introduction 1-4- 1 4.2 The use of multiple channels 1-4-1 4.2.1 Applications and channel types . 1-4-2 4.2.2 Global Signalling Channels (GSCs) . 1-4-2 4.2.3 Additional channels . 1-4-3 4.2.4 Required number of channels . 1-4-3 4.2.5 Service volume 1-4-3 4.3 Channel management and channel switching 1-4-3 4.3.1 Ground station management 1-4-3 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provide
