1、ANSI/IESNA LM-73-04IESNA Guide for PhotometricTesting of EntertainmentLighting LuminairesUsing IncandescentFilament Lamps or High IntensityDischarge LampsPrepared by:The Entertainment Luminaires Task Forceof the IESNA Testing Procedures CommitteeThe LIGHTINGAUTHORITYANSI/IESNA LM-73-04ANSI Approval
2、Date 2/9/04IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing of Entertainment LightingLuminaires Using Incandescent Filament Lamps or High Intensity Discharge LampsPublication of this Committee Report has been approved by the IESNA. Suggestions forrevisions should be directed to the IESNA.Prepared by:Th
3、e Entertainment Luminaires Task Forceof the IESNA Testing Procedures CommitteeCopyright 2004 by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.Approved by the IESNA Board of Directors, February 9, 2004, as a Transaction of the Illuminating EngineeringSociety of North America.Approved by the A
4、merican National Standards Institute, Inc. February 9, 2004, as an American National StandardAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in any electronic retrieval systemor otherwise, without prior written permission of the IESNA.Published by the Illuminating Eng
5、ineering Society of North America, 120 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005.IESNA Standards and Guides are developed through committee consensus and produced by the IESNA Officein New York. Careful attention is given to style and accuracy. If any errors are noted in this document, please for-ward t
6、hem to Rita Harrold, Director Educational and Technical Development, at the above address for verificationand correction. The IESNA welcomes and urges feedback and comments.Printed in the United States of America.ISBN # 0-87995-199-0DISCLAIMERIESNA publications are developed through the consensus st
7、andards development process approved by the AmericanNational Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests toachieve consensus on lighting recommendations. While the IESNA administers the process and establishes policiesand procedures to pr
8、omote fairness in the development of consensus, it makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accu-racy or completeness of any information published herein. The IESNA disclaims liability for any injury to persons orproperty or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequen
9、tial or compensatory, direct-ly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document.In issuing and making this document available, the IESNA is not undertaking to render professional or other services foror on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the IESNA undertakin
10、g to perform any duty owed by any person or entity tosomeone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate,seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.The IESNA has no p
11、ower, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document.Nor does the IESNA list, certify, test or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document.Any certification or statement of compliance with the requirements of this document
12、shall not be attributable to theIESNA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement.Prepared by the Subcommittee on Photometry of Light Sources of the IESNA Testing Procedures CommitteeEntertainment Luminaires Task ForceIan Lewin, ChairJ. GorrellL. LiebermanD. SmithIESN
13、A Testing Procedures CommitteeJames Walker, ChairJ. ArensL. Ayers*W. BeakesR. Berger*R. BerginR. BergmanR. BlanchetteJ. Clegg*K. CokeR. Dahl*R. DaubachD. EllisJ. EvansR. Gibbons*M. GratherR. HoranD. Husby*R. Kimm*C. Latsis*R. Levin*I. LewinC. LochR. Low*L. LinP. McCarthyG. McKeeS. McKnight*D. Mertz*
14、Y. OhnoC. OoyenD. RectorJ. Sardi*D. Smith*R. Speck*L. Stafford*E. Steeb*N. Stuffer*S. Treado*T. YahrausJ. ZhangAdvisory*Honorary*ContentsForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
15、.0 Selecting Luminaires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 Basic Laboratory Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1
16、 Stray Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 Ambient Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 Test Lamp Selecti
17、on and Seasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 Test Lamp Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 Test Distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 Electrical Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.6.1 Lamp Regulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.6.2 Wave Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.7 Electrical Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . 22.7.1 Uncertainties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.7.2 Impedance Limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.8 Detectors. . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.0 Preparation of Equipment for Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 Lamp Orientation . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1.1 Filament Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1.2 Discharge Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.2 Focusing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 Cleaning of Optical Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.0 Testing by Goniophotometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 Polar Axis Coordinates (Type B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3 Positioning the Luminaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.4 Movi
26、ng Cell or Mirror Photometer (Type C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.5 Calibration Procedure and Methods (General) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.5.1 Relative Calibration Method for Lamp and Goniophotometer .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.5.2 Absolute Calibration Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 Selection of Angles for Photometric Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.7 Detector Size. . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 Test Requirements for Specific Types of Luminaires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 Fresnel Lensed Types, Plano Convex Types, Focus
29、ing Scoops,Ellipsoidal Spotlights, and Variable Ellipsoidal Follow Spots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 Ellipsoidal Reflector Luminaires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 Asymmetric Luminaires . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 Soft Light Floods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 Multiple-lamp Luminaires. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 Computation of Test Results and Test Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 Photometric Data Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 Test Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Annex A Measurement of Errors Due to the Deviation in System Response from V() . . . . . . . . . . . 8Annex B Calculation of Illuminance Values for Type B Coordinate System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Annex C Calculation of Lumens . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Annex D Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13IESNA Approved Method for PhotometricTesting of Entertainment
35、Lighting LuminairesUsing Incandescent Filament Lamps or HighIntensity Discharge Lamps ForewordThis Approved Method describes a standard proce-dure by which entertainment lighting luminaires,specifically designed for use in the theater, TV envi-ronment, film studios, or on-location shoots, can bemeas
36、ured.Entertainment lighting luminaires usually have muchnarrower beam spreads than other luminaires, suchas those covered by IESNA LM-35, Approved Methodfor Photometric Testing of Floodlights using HID orIncandescent Filament Lamps.1Therefore, differenttest methods and forms of presentation may be u
37、sed.For example, test data is required in the form of illu-minance values on a vertical aiming plane. Datareporting is covered by publication ANSI E1.9-2001,Reporting Photometric Performance Data forLuminaires Used in Entertainment Lighting, devel-oped by the Entertainment Services and TechnologyAss
38、ociation.2IESNA LM-73 is to be used in conjunc-tion with ANSI E1.9-2001.In 1998, the IESNA assembled a task force composedof light measurement experts and members of the the-ater and TV community. This task force was chargedwith writing an Approved Method for testing entertain-ment lighting luminair
39、es, resulting in this document.Note that laser systems and scenic projectors are notcovered by this Approved Method.1.0 SELECTING LUMINAIRESLuminaires selected for test shall be representative ofthe manufacturers typical product, unless the specif-ic purpose of the test is to evaluate other conditio
40、ns.2.0 BASIC LABORATORY CONDITIONS2.1 Stray LightPrecautions shall be taken to eliminate stray light fromthe test environment by the use of adequate shieldingand baffling. For moving cell photometers, the onlylight incident on the detector shall be that which isdirectly emitted from the luminaire. F
41、or a moving mir-ror photometer, only light from the luminaire reflectedvia the mirror to the detector shall be measured.2.2 Ambient TemperaturesThe ambient temperature of the photometric labora-tory shall be maintained at 25C 5C (77F 9F).2.3 Test Lamp Selection and SeasoningTest lamps shall be selec
42、ted for conformance to man-ufacturers design dimensions and constructions. Thelamps shall be seasoned in accordance with LM-54,IESNA Guide to Lamp Seasoning,3so that their char-acteristics will be nearly constant during the test.2.4 Test Lamp OperationStable lamp operation is necessary. Incandescent
43、 fila-ment lamps shall be operated at a constant currentcorresponding to the current required to produceapproximately 75 percent of rated lumen output. A sta-bilization time of 10 minutes is usually sufficient forincandescent lamps. Discharge lamps shall be operat-ed at their rated wattage and shall
44、 be run until their lightoutput is stable.4Identical operating conditions must beused for the luminaire test and for lamp calibration.If absolute measurements are required, incandescentlamps (including tungsten-halogen), shall be operat-ed at full rated voltage, and HID lamps shall be oper-ated at f
45、ull rated wattage.As an alternative method, for situations where lampwattage cannot be conveniently measured, dischargelamps may be operated on the manufacturers speci-fied ballast and at rated voltage for both the luminairetest and lamp calibration. This technique must benoted on the test report, a
46、nd may produce resultsslightly different from those obtained when stabiliza-tion is based on lamp wattage.2.5 Test DistanceThe distance between the luminaire and the detectorshall be sufficiently large so that the inverse squarelaw (ISL) can be applied at this and all greater dis-tances. This minimu
47、m test distance shall be deter-mined by taking illuminance readings over a series ofincreasing distances and then computing intensitiesusing the ISL. Beyond a certain distance, the com-puted intensities will become constant. If it is moreappropriate for the luminaire and its typical applica-tion, me
48、asurement can be made at a lesser distance;however, the limitations on the ISL shall be stated.Note: The minimum distance where the ISL applies toentertainment luminaires is often much greater than“five times effective aperture,” the common minimumdistance suggested for general lighting luminaires.1
49、ANSI/IESNA LM-73-042.6 Electrical Requirements2.6.1 Lamp Regulation. Lamp power shall be main-tained at 0.5 percent during the test and during lampcalibration, for high intensity discharge lamps.Alternatively, luminaire voltage shall be maintained at0.1 percent for discharge lamp equipment. Lampcurrent shall be maintained at 0.1 percent for incan-descent filament lamps.2.6.2 Wave Form. The ac power supply shall have asinusoidal voltage waveform such that the root meansquare (rms) summation of the harmonic compo-nents will not exceed 3.0 percent of the fundamental.2
