1、IES LM-83-12Approved Method: IES Spatial Daylignulltnullnulltnullnullnullnully nullnullDnullnull anulld nullnullnullnullal Snullnulllignullt Enullpnullnullnullre nullnullSEnullIES LM-83-12Approved Method: IES Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDAnullandAnnual Sunlight Enullposure (ASEnullPublication of thi
2、s reporthas been approved by IES.Suggestions for revisionsshould be directed to IES.nullrepared nully:nullhe Daylight Metrinulls nullommitteeIES LM-83-12Copyright 2012 by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.Approved by the IES Board of Directornullnull nullctober nullnull 2012null
3、anull a nullrannullaction of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.All rightnull renullerved. No part of thinull publication may be reproduced in any formnull in any electronic retrieval nullynulltem or othernullinullenull nullithout prior nullritten perminullnullion of the IES.Publi
4、shed by the Illunullinating Engineering Society of nullorth nullnullericanull 12null nullall Streetnull nullenull nullornullnull nullenull nullornull 1nullnullnullnull.IES Standards and nulluides are developed through conullnullittee consensus and produced by the IES nullffice in nullenull nullornul
5、l. nullareful attention is given to style and accuracy. If any errors are noted in this docunullentnull please fornullard thenull to nullita nullarroldnull nullirector of nullechnologynull at the above address for verification and correction. nullhe IES nullelconulles and urges feedbacnull and conul
6、lnullents.ISnullnull null nullnull8-null-8nullnullnullnull-2null2-3nullrinted in the nullnited Statenull of America.DISnullLAIMEnullIES publications are developed through the consensus standards developnullent process approved by the nullnullerican nullational Standards Institute. nullhis process br
7、ings together volunteers represent-ing varied vienullpoints and interests to achieve consensus on lighting reconullnullendations. nullhile the IES adnullinisters the process and establishes policies and procedures to pronullote fairness in the developnullent of consensusnull it nullanulles no guaran
8、ty or nullarranty as to the accuracy or conullpleteness of any infornullation published herein. nullhe IES disclainulls liability for any innullury to persons or property or other danullages of any nature nullhatsoevernull nullhether specialnull indirectnull consenulluential or conullpensatorynull d
9、irectly or indirectly result-ing fronull the publicationnull use ofnull or reliance on this docunullentIn issuing and nullanulling this docunullent availablenull the IES is not undertanulling to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. nullor is the IES underta
10、nulling to perfornull any duty onulled by any person or entity to sonulleone else. nullnyone using this docunullent should rely on his or her onulln independent nulludgnullent ornull as appropriatenull seenull the advice of a conullpetent professional in deternullining the enullercise of reasonable
11、care in any given circunullstances.nullhe IES has no ponullernull nor does it undertanullenull to police or enforce conullpliance nullith the contents of this docunullent. nullor does the IES listnull certifynull test or inspect productsnull designsnull or installations for conullpliance nullith thi
12、s docunullent. nullny certification or statenullent of conullpliance nullith the renulluirenullents of this docunullent shall not be attributable to the IES and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or nullanuller of the statenullent.IES LM-83-12nullrepared nully the IES Daylight Metrinulls
13、nullommitteeLisa nullesnullhong null nullhair nullevin nullan Den nullymelennullerg null nullinulle nullhairM. nullndersen null. nullshnullorenullL. nulleltrannullnull. nullosnullnull. nullrentrupnullnull. nullheneynullnull. nulligert null. EinulladinullL.nullernandes null. nulllasernullnull. nullug
14、lielnullettinullnull. nulleller E. Leenullnull. Loisosnullnull. Loveland null. Mardalnullevicnullnull. Mcnullay null. Mcnulleilnullnull. Meenullnullnull. Mistricnullnull. Mosher null. Papanullichaelnullnull. nulleinhart null. nullogersM. nullanteri M. nullaltonnullnullnulldvisoryIES LM-83-12IES LM-8
15、3-12nullontentsnullorenullord. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Introdunulltion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11nullnull Snullope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22nullnull Spatial Daylight Autonomy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22null1 sDA null Introdunulltion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1.1 nullefinition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1.2 Standard nullhresholds for nullnalysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1.3 nulleconullnullended snullnull Perfornullance nullriteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1.null nullther Evaluation nullriteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32null2 sDA null nulluilding 3D Modeling Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . 32.2.1 Period of nullnalysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2.2 Illunullinance nullhreshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null
21、2.2.3 nullenullporal nullhreshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.2.null nullnalysis nullrea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null
22、2.2.null nullnalysis Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.2.null nulllindsnullShades nullperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.2
23、.null nulllindsnullShades nullptical Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.2.8 Enullterior nullbstructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.2.null null
24、indonull and Snullylight nulletails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.2.1null Interior Surface nulleflectances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.2.11 nullurniture and
25、Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2null3 sDA null nulllimatinull Modeling Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.3.1 Solar Position and Intensity .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.3.2 Snully Lunullinance and nullistribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2.3.3 Modeling Paranulleters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . null2nullnull sDA null Simulation nullutput nullormats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1null3nullnull Annual Sunlight Enullposure (ASEnull . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1null3null1 ASE null Introdunulltion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1null3.1.1 nullefinition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1null3.1.2 Standard nullhresholds for nullnalysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1null3.1.3 nulleconullnullended Perfornullance nullriteria . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1null3null2 ASE null nulluilding 3D Modeling Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2.1 Period of nullnalysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2.2 Illunullinance nullhreshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2.3 nullenullporal nullhreshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2.null nullnalysis nullreanullsnull. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2.null nullnalysis Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.2.null nulllindsnullShades nullperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.2.null Enullterior and Interior nullbstructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . 123null3 ASE null nulllimatinull Modeling Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123nullnull ASE null Simulation nullutput nullormats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、12nullnullnull nulllossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12nullenullerennulles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13IES LM-83-121IES LM-83-12IES Approved Method nullor Daylight MetrinullsnullnullnullEnullnullnullDnullssessing the dynanullic nullualities of a daylit space renulluires different nullethods of assessnullent than those that have been developed for a space that is ele
37、ctri-cally lighted. nullith electric lightingnull average illunulli-nance is a significant and useful nulletricnull especially in designs that ainull to provide general illunullination at a predeternullined target illunullinance. nullonullevernull in a daylit spacenull average illunullinance has les
38、s nullean-ing. nullne reason is purely spatialnull for enullanullplenull sidelit environnullents inherently have non-unifornull illunulli-nance distributions due to the geonulletric relation of roonull and aperturenull and internal shading fronullfurnishings. nullypically there is a high illunullina
39、tion level near the nullindonull nullhich nulluicnullly dinullinishes nullith increased distance. nullnother reason is both spatial and tenullporalnull the daylight sources of sunnull snully and clouds vary in lunullinous intensity and position each hour of the day and over the course of a yearnull
40、and corresponding illunullination nullithin the space var-ies relative to the geonulletry of daylight apertures such as nullindonulls and snullylights. In additionnull daylight perfornullance nulletrics nullust also consider the linullely inullpact of daylight control devicesnull such as blinds or s
41、hadesnull nullhich nullay be staticnull nullanually operated or autonullated. nullecause daylight illunullination levels are dynanullicnullthe perfornullance of daylight needs to be considered over tinulle. nullnnual daylight perfornullance integrates variations over one full yearnull including both
42、 daily and seasonal variations. nullecause the availability of daylight is highly dependent upon local clinullate con-ditionsnull especially the daily and seasonal balance of daylight provided fronull direct sunlight versus the snully and cloudsnull accounting for local clinullate conditions is also
43、 critical. nullhe optinullal design of a daylit systenull is linullely to be very different for a foggy coastline loca-tion conullpared to a nearby inland desert. nullver the last fenull decades a variety of nenull daylight-ing nulletrics have been proposed to overconulle the inability of older null
44、etrics to assess these dynanullic conditions. Most of these nenull nulletrics renulluire sub-stantial conullputational ponuller to process a large nunullber of input variables such as building and site datanull clinullate datanull occupancy schedulesnull and sun control device operation. nulliven th
45、e range of inputsnullthe variations in nullethodology to generate these nullet-rics can be substantialnull but also not readily apparent to users. InullnullnullnullDnullnullnullInullnullIES LM-83-12 nullas created to develop a nenull suite of nulletrics capable of describing nullultiple inullportant
46、 dinullensions of daylighting perfornullance in an enullisting building and a nenull designnull fronull concept through construction docunullents. nullhe intent of these nenullclinullate-based nulletrics is to inullprove on the predictive perfornullance of historical nulletricsnull such as nullaylig
47、ht nullactornullnull1nullnull1nullnull1nulland define a consistent calculation nullethodology that nullould allonull for nullultiple design alternatives of proposed designsnull daylit buildingsnullandnullor clinullatic locations to be conullparednull in a consistent nullanner.nulluring the nulletric
48、 developnullent processnull enullisting accepted daylight perfornullance nulletrics nullere identi-fiednull revienullednull and assessed.3nullnullIt nullas deternullined that no single nulletric could adenulluately address all of the factors involved in a successful daylighting systenull. nullhe con
49、ullnullittee also concluded that a core set of useful and nulleaningful nulletrics nullust provide for the evaluation of an entire daylit area or building over the course of a full yearnull accounting for daily and yearly clinullatic variationnull rather than the histori-cal approach of analysis of
50、a single point in space at a singular design condition or one point in tinulle. In assessing candidate clinullate-based nulletricsnull outputs fronull annual sinullulation nullethodologies that account for the dynanullics of clinullatic variation and building operation nullere conullpared to evaluat
