1、Code of Safety forFishermen andFishing Vessels2005Part ASafety and Health PracticeD EBINTERNATIONALMARITIMEORGANIZATIONLondon, 2006Published by theINTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SRFirst edition, 19752nd edition, 2006ISBN-13: 978-92-801-4208-2ISBN-10: 92-801-4208-
2、9IMO PUBLICATIONSales number: IA749ECopyright # InternationalMaritimeOrganization2006All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any formor by any means without prior permission in writingfrom the International Maritime Organizatio
3、n.Published by theINTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR3First edition, 1975Second edition, 2006(ISBN-13: 978-92-801-4208-2ISBN-10: 92-801-4208-9)Electronic edition: 2006IMO PUBLICATIONSales number: EA749ECopyright # InternationalMaritimeOrganization2006All rights res
4、erved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any formor by any means without prior permission in writingfrom the International Maritime Organization.Preface1 A resolution adopted by the Committee on Conditions of Work in theFishing Industry, whic
5、h was convened by the International LabourOrganization (ILO) in December 1962 to study certain aspects of workingconditions of crew on fishing vessels, recommended the creation of apractical international code dealing with navigational, operational andoccupational aspects of safety of fishing vessel
6、s and crew, and urged ILO incollaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations (FAO) and the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organi-zation (IMCO)* to examine the possibility of establishing a suitable body toprepare such a code.2 Considering that it was desirable
7、to co-operate within theirrespective fields of competency, in order to extend the scope of theproposed safety code for fishing vessels to make reference to all aspects ofthe safety of fishing vessels and crew, the three organizations subse-quently entered into an agreement with respect to the princi
8、ples of co-operation and the areas of mutual interest and responsibility in the field offishing vessels and fishing vessel crew members, namely FAO, fisheries ingeneral; ILO, labour in the fishing industries; and IMO, safety of life, vesselsand equipment at sea.3 Following the above agreement, draft
9、 contributions to the Code ofSafety for Fishermen and Fishing Vessels were prepared by FAO, ILO andIMO. It was agreed that the Code should be divided into two parts: part Afor skippers and crews, and part B for fishing vessel builders and owners.4 Part A of the Code was adopted by the first session
10、of the Joint FAO/ILO/IMO Meeting of Consultants on Safety on Board Fishing Vesselswhich was held at ILO Headquarters in Geneva in September 1968.5 Later amendments to Part A were approved by the IMO MaritimeSafety Committee (MSC) at its thirtieth session in the Spring of 1973. Atthe same session, th
11、e Committee approved the final text of part B whichwas endorsed by the FAO Council at its 64th session (Autumn 1974) andalso endorsed by the Governing Body of the ILO at its 195th session(February 1975).6 In 1977, an International Conference on the Safety of FishingVessels adopted the Torremolinos I
12、nternational Convention on the Safety* The name of the Organization was changed to International Maritime Organization(IMO) by virtue of amendments to the Organizations Convention whichentered into forceon 22 May 1982.iii.of Fishing Vessels, 1977, that, for a number of reasons, has not enteredinto f
13、orce. Consequently, a further International Conference was convened,also in Torremolinos, Spain that adopted the Torremolinos Protocol of1993 relating to the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safetyof Fishing Vessels, 1977.7 Resolution 4 of the Conference requests IMO to review, as a mat
14、terof priority the FAO/ILO/IMO Code of Safety for Fishermen and FishingVessels, part A and part B. The Code of Safety for Fishing Vessels, part B,addresses safety and health requirements for the construction andequipment of fishing vessels of 24 m in length and over.8 The MSC entrusted the revision
15、of the Code to its Sub-Committee onStability and Load Lines and on Fishing Vessels Safety (SLF) andrecommended that the recent developments in fishing vessel design andfishing operations should be taken into consideration. The MSC alsoentrusted SLF to revise the Voluntary Guidelines for the Design,C
16、onstruction and Equipment of Small Fishing Vessels, that had beenapproved by MSC in 1979, which addresses vessels of 12 m in length andover but less than 24 m in length. In this regard, IMO was requested toinvite FAO and ILO to participate in the revision.9 At its forty-second session, the SLF Sub-C
17、ommittee established anintersessional correspondence group for the revision of part B of the Codeand the Voluntary Guidelines. Later, at its forty-fifth session in July 2002,FAO and ILO submitted a proposal to commence the revision of part A. TheSub-Committee considered that unlike the current versi
18、on, which wasintended to be read by crew members on fishing vessels, the revisedversion should be directed primarily towards Competent Authorities,training institutions, fishing vessel owners, representative organizations ofthe crew, and non-governmental organizations having a recognized role increw
19、 members safety and health and training. Competent Authoritieswould be encouraged to make use of the contents of the Code in theproduction of safety and health and training materials in an appropriateformat to suit the particular needs of the fisheries of the country or regionand in local languages.
20、10 ILOs Tripartite Meeting on Safety and Health in the FishingIndustry (December 1999), in its report to the 277th Session of theGoverning Body of ILO (March 2000), had concluded, inter alia, that ILOshould participate in the revision of part B, Safety and Health Require-ments for the Construction a
21、nd Equipment of Fishing Vessels, of the Codeand, following consultation with IMO, should take a leading role in revisingpart A, Safety and Health Practice, of the Code.11 The revised Code and Voluntary Guidelines were approved by MSCat its seventy-ninth session in 2004 and approved by the FAO Commit
22、teeon Fisheries at its twenty-sixth session in March 2005 and the GoverningBody of ILO at its 293rd Session in June 2005.Safety for Fishermen and Fishing Vessels Part Aiv12 Concerning the procedures for future amendments to the Code andthe Voluntary Guidelines, MSC considered that any amendments sho
23、uldbe effected as expeditiously as possible. It was agreed that non-controversial amendments should be approved by correspondence, butjoint meetings of experts might be necessary for other amendments forwhich no ready agreement by correspondence could be reached.13 Recognizing that the majority of i
24、tems covered by the Code arewithin the scope of IMO and noting the different working procedureswithin the three Organizations and also that the SLF Sub-Committeeholds regular meetings, it was agreed that:.1 IMO should act as a focal point for co-ordinating proposedamendments to the Code and, in part
25、icular, the IMO Secretariatshould undertake to receive any proposed amendments, todistribute them to the Organizations and to collate their re-spective comments;.2 any future joint FAO/ILO/IMO meeting should be held, when-ever possible, in conjunction with a meeting of the SLF Sub-Committee; and.3 a
26、ny proposed amendments should always be subject to thefinal approval of the appropriate bodies of the three Organiza-tions.vPrefaceContentsPageIntroduction. 1Section I GeneralChapter1Generalprovisions. 3Chapter2Dutiesandresponsibilities. 5Chapter3Education,training,safetyawarenessand related issues.
27、 9Chapter4Healthandmedicalcare. 16Section II Undecked vessels and decked vesselsof less than 12 m in lengthChapter1Safetyofthevessel. 23Chapter2Safetyinmachineryspacesandof mechanical equipment . 28Chapter3Fireprecautionsandfirefighting. 38Chapter4Safetyinfishingoperationsand fish handling . 42Chapt
28、er5Safetyinexposedareas. 46Chapter6Specialsafetyprecautions. 50Chapter7Life-savingappliancesandemergencies 56Chapter8Abandoningvessel,survivalandrescue 61Chapter9Safetyofnavigationandradiocommunications . . . . 65Chapter10Shipboardfacilitiesforcrewmembers. 70Chapter11Healthandmedicalcare. 72Section
29、III Decked vessels of 12 m in length and overChapter1Safetyofthevessel. 75Chapter2Safetyinmachineryspacesandof mechanical equipment . 80Chapter3Fireprecautionsandfirefighting. 93viiPageChapter4Safetyinfishingoperationsand fish handling . 98Chapter5Safetyinexposedareas. 105Chapter6Specialsafetyprecau
30、tions. 110Chapter7Life-savingappliancesandemergencies 122Chapter8Abandoningvessel,survivalandrescue 128Chapter9Safetyofnavigationandradiocommunications . . . . 133Chapter10Shipboardfacilitiesforcrewmembers. 139Chapter11Healthandmedicalcare. 142Annex Appendices to part A of the Code of Safetyfor Fish
31、ermen and Fishing Vessels, 2005Appendix1Safetyassessmentandmanagement. 145Appendix2Fatigue. 150Appendix3Firstaidandmedicalcare. 166Appendix4Artificialrespiration 169Appendix5Survivalfromsudden,unexpectedimmersion in cold water. . 174Appendix6Approximatedeterminationofsmall vessels stability by means
32、of the rolling period tests . 179Appendix7Anapproximatedeterminationof vessels stability by meansof the rolling period tests(for vessels up to 70 m in length) . . 181Appendix8Crossingsandbarsandbeachlandings 188Appendix9Guidancetotheskipperforavoidingdangerous situations in followingand quartering s
33、eas . 191Appendix10Recommendationforskippersoffishingvessels on ensuring a vessels endurancein conditions of ice formation . 200Appendix11Refrigerationsystemsusingtoxicrefrigerantssuch as ammonia . 209Appendix12Safenavigationandavoidanceofdangerous situations. . . . . 215Appendix13Electronicchartsys
34、temsdifferences. 216Appendix14METAREAs/NAVAREAs 218viiiSafety for Fishermen and Fishing Vessels Part APageAppendix15Regulation32ofchapterVoftheInternationalConvention on the Safety of Life at Sea(SOLAS), 1974, as amended . 220Appendix16Abriefdescriptionoftheglobalmaritimedistress and safety system (
35、GMDSS) 223Appendix17Radiotelephonyprocedures 226Appendix18Foodandhygieneonboardfishingvessels. 231Appendix19Helicopterevacuation. 236Appendix20Annotatedlistofpertinentpublications 246Index. 251ixContentsIntroduction1 Work at sea has never been without danger, and the fishingindustry has a long and g
36、rowing roll of honour of crew who have lost theirlives in the performance of their work. Fortunately, loss of life in most typesof fishing is now very much less frequent than it was only a fewgenerations ago, but no technological advances can fully eliminate theforces of the sea and other natural da
37、ngers which crew have to face, nor isit possible to eliminate the human errors or to make the tools of the fishingactivity the fishing vessels and fishing gear completely accident-proof.Fishing has, in many countries, already become a highly developedindustry employing complex machinery, and this de
38、velopment necessi-tates the introduction and expansion of safety measures along linessimilar to those which apply to other major industries.2 Training has only been used as a method to promote safety in thefishing industry in developing countries in the last fifty years. Thedangerous nature of the f
39、ishing industry has called for specialized trainingfor crew members prior to going to sea. Most developed countries havealready adopted this course of action and have made such coursesmandatory. These countries have also sought to tackle the problem ofsafety in the fishing industry by having mandato
40、ry qualifications for thesenior positions on board a fishing vessel. These are usually the skipper,mate and chief engineer. Dependent on the size of vessel and/or area ofoperation, other crew members might also require mandatory training (e.g.radio officers, etc.).3 Although the Members of IMO decid
41、ed that the collection andanalysis of statistical information on casualties of fishing vessels andfatalities of crew members should be prepared on an annual basis, theyacknowledged in 1999 that there had been a very limited response. Thislack of information is most likely to be caused by the informa
42、l employmentarrangements in fishing, which may place many crew members outsidetraditional occupational accident reporting systems. Knowing where andhow accidents occur can identify suitable measures for intervention. Thehuman factor causes many accidents, which can be attributed toinadequate trainin
43、g, lack of experience and skills, recklessness, under-manning and fatigue. The Competent Authority should ensure thatinvestigation of accidents resulting in death of crew, and other incidentsresulting in damage to the vessel or severe injury to the crew, shouldnormally be the subject of a formal inv
44、estigation.4 Some Competent Authorities have estimated that half of thefatalities in the fishing industry are caused by accidents to the fishing1vessel. Therefore, a very effective method to reduce crew fatalities is toensure that the vessel is safe. The compulsory periodical inspection of avessel a
45、nd the validation of the same by a Safety Certificate will inevitablyreduce accidents to the vessels and the crew. The skipper and crew of avessel are those most conversant with the fishing vessel, the deckmachinery and the fishing gear they are operating with. They are alsoaware of the hazards that
46、 can occur during fishing and know when, whereand how they occur. By analysing these possible hazards, the crew canplay a vital role in taking preventative action to reduce or eliminate thesehazards. This procedure can be assisted by a formal procedure wherebythe skipper is encouraged to perform thi
47、s analysis. This concept has beenreadily adopted in the maritime sector.5 The high accident rates that continue to affect the fishing industrydespite mandatory safety schemes and top-down approaches haveencouraged safety practitioners to propose that a more holistic approachto safety and health cult
48、ure in the fishing industry should be engendered.Developing safety and health awareness and promoting sensitization ofthe fishing communities to take into account the cost of neglecting thesafety and health issue is also advocated.6 The economical and social conditions under which the fishingindustr
49、y operates is also recommended as a potential area for study inrelation to accidents at sea. This encourages investigating issues that havenot traditionally been taken into account in discussing safety in thefishing industry such as the method of remuneration of the crew which, inmost cases, is based on a share of the catch. This has often been cited as acontributory factor in accidents. These should be investigated to see howmitigating measures could possibly reduce the accident rate. The methodsof fisheries manageme
