1、MODEL COURSE I a 29 PROFICIENCY IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR TRAINING INCLUDING PASSENGER SAFETY, CARGO SAFETY AND HULL INTEGRITY TRAINING International Maritime Organization Model Course No: 1.29 Proficiency in Crisis Management and Human Behaviour Training including Passenger Safety, C
2、argo Safety and Hull Integrity Training IMO First published in 2000 by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR Printed by Ashford Open Learning Ltd 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 ISBN 92-801 -5085-5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This course on Proficiency in Crisis Management and Human Be
3、haviour Training including Passenger Safety, Cargo Safety and Hull Integrity Training is based on material developed for IMO under contract by the Course Consultant - J. E. Abell, Senior Lecturer, Maritime Offshore Safety Section, Warsash Maritime Centre, Southampton, SO31 9ZL, United Kingdom. Grate
4、ful acknowledgement is made for the assistance and use of material from: P for sales purposes, be produced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing fr
5、om the International Maritime Organization. CONTENTS Foreword Introduction Purpose of the model courses Use of the model course Lesson plans Presentation Implementation Training and the STCW 1995 Convention Responsibilities of Administrations Refresher training Part A: Course Framework Aims Objectiv
6、e Entry standards Course certificate Course intake limitations Staff requirements Teaching facilities and equipment Teaching aids IMO references Internet website references Text books Bibliography Part B: Course Outline and Timetable Lectures Course outline Course timetable Part C: Detailed Teaching
7、 Syllabus I nt roduct ion Passenger safety, cargo safety and hull integrity training Crisis management and human behaviour training Part D: Instructor Manual v 1 5 10 17 39 Guidance notes iii CONTENTS Appendix 1: Case studies Appendix 2: Practical training sessions and assessment of competence in cr
8、isis management Appendix 3: Specimen certificates Appendix 4: Supporting material for the instructor Attachment: Guidance on the implementation of model courses 47 59 90 95 117 iv Foreword Since its inception the International Maritime Organization has recognized the importance of human resources to
9、 the development of the maritime industry and has given the highest priority to assisting developing countries in enhancing their maritime training capabilities through the provision or improvement of training facilities at national and regional levels. IMO has also responded to the needs of develop
10、ing countries for postgraduate training for senior personnel in administration, ports, shipping companies and maritime training institutes by establishing the World Maritime University in Malm, Sweden, in 1983. Following the earlier adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training C
11、ertification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, a number of IMO Member Governments had suggested that IMO should develop model training courses to assist in the implementation of the Convention and in achieving a more rapid transfer of information and skills regarding new developments in maritime
12、 technology. IMO training advisers and consultants also subsequently determined from their visits to training establishments in developing countries that the provision of model courses could help instructors improve the quality of their existing courses and enhance their effectiveness in meeting the
13、 requirements of the Convention and implementing the associated Conference and IMO Assembly resolutions. In addition, it was appreciated that a comprehensive set of short courses in various fields of maritime training would supplement the instruction provided by maritime academies and allow administ
14、rators and technical specialists already employed in maritime administrations, ports and shipping companies to improve their knowledge and skills in certain specialized fields. IMO has therefore developed the current series of model courses in response to these generally identified needs and with th
15、e generous assistance of Norway. These model courses may be used by any training institution and the Organization is prepared to assist developing countries in implementing any course when the requisite financing is available W. A. O?NEIL Secretary General V Introduction Purpose of the model courses
16、 The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist training providers and their teaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved
17、. It is not the intention of the model course programme to present instructors with a rigid “teaching package” which they are expected to “follow blindly”. Nor is it the intention to substitute the instructors presence with audio-visual or “programmed” material. As in all training endeavours, the kn
18、owledge, skills and dedication of the instructors are the key components in the transfer of knowledge and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material. The educational systems and the cultural backgrounds of trainees in maritime subjects vary considerably from country to country.
19、For this reason the model course material has been designed to identify the basic entry requirements and trainee target group for each course in universally applicable terms, and to specify clearly the technical content and levels of knowledge and skill necessary to meet the technical intent of IMO
20、conventions and related recommendations. This is the first manual written for this Model Course. In order to keep the training programme up to date in future, it is essential that users provide feedback. New information will provide better training in safety at sea and protection of the marine envir
21、onment, Information, comments and suggestions should be sent to the Head of the STCW and Human Element Section at IMO, London. Use of the model course To use the model course the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus, taking into account the information provided under the en
22、try standards specified in the course framework. The actual level of knowledge and skills and the prior technical education of the trainees should be kept in mind during this review, and any areas within the detailed syllabus which may cause difficulties, because of differences between the actual tr
23、ainee entry level and that assumed by the course designer, should be identified. To compensate for such differences, the instructor is expected to delete from the course, or reduce the emphasis on, items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the trainees. He should also identify any a
24、cademic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have acquired. By analysing the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry course or, alternatively, insert the element
25、s of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements concerned at appropriate points within the technical course. Adjustment of the course objective, scope and content may also be necessary if within the respective maritime industry the trainees completing the course are to un
26、dertake duties which differ from the course objectives specified in the model course. Within the course plan the course designers have indicated their assessment of the time 1 PROFICIENCY IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR TRAINING INCLUDING PASSENGER SAFETY, CARGO SAFETY AND HULL INTEGRITY TR
27、AINING which should be allotted to each area of learning. However, it must be appreciated that these allocations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all entry requirements of the course. The instructor should therefore review these assessments carefully and may need to re-alloc
28、ate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective or training outcome. rn Lesson plans Having adjusted the course content to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the course objectives, the instructor should draw up lesson plans based on the detailed syllabus. The detailed syll
29、abus contains specific references to the textbooks or teaching material proposed to be used in the course. Where no adjustment is found necessary in the learning objectives of the detailed syllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of the detailed syllabus with keywords or other reminders added t
30、o assist the instructor in making his presentation of the material. Presentation The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in various ways until the instructor is satisfied, by testing and evaluating the trainees performance and achievements, that the trainee has attained each
31、specific learning objective or training outcome. The syllabus is laid out in learning objective format and each objective specifies a required performance or, what the trainee must be able to do as the learning or training outcome. Taken as a whole, these objectives aim to meet the knowledge, unders
32、tanding and proficiency specified in the appropriate tables of the STCW Code. rn Implementation For the course to run smoothly and to be effective, considerable attention must be paid to the availability and use of: o Properly qualified instructors o Support staff o Rooms and other spaces o Equipmen
33、t o Suggested references, textbooks, technical papers 0 Other reference material. Thorough preparation is the key to successful implementation of the course. IMO has produced a booklet entitled “Guidance on the implementation of IMO model courses”, which deals with this aspect in greater detail. In
34、certain cases, the requirements for some or all of the training in a subject are covered by another IMO model course. In these cases, the specific part of the STCW Code which applies is given and the user is referred to the other model course. U Training and the STCW 1995 Convention The standards of
35、 competence that have to be met by seafarers are defined in Part A of the STCW Code in the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers Convention, as amended in 1995. This IMO model course has been written to cover the competences in STCW 1995. It sets out the education and t
36、raining to achieve those 2 INTRODUCTION standards set out in Chapter V Section A-V/2 and Section A-V/3, pa.4 and pa.5. This course covers the minimum standard of competence for: masters, chief mates, chief engineers, second engineer officers and any other person assigned immediate responsibility for
37、 embarking and disembarking passengers, for loading, discharging or securing cargo, or for closing hull openings and any other person having responsibility for the safety of passengers in emergency situations on ro-ro passenger ships. The course also covers the minimum standard of competence for the
38、 above personnel on passenger ships other than ro-ro passenger ships. Part A provides the framework for the course with the aims and objectives and notes on the suggested teaching facilities and equipment. A list of useful teaching aids, IMO references and textbooks is also included. Part B provides
39、 an outline of lectures, guidance notes and lesson plans for the course. A detailed timetable is suggested. From the teaching and learning point of view, it is important that the trainee achieves the minimum standard of competence defined in the STCW Code. Depending on their experience and ability,
40、some students will naturally take longer to become proficient in some topics than others. Part C gives the Detailed Teaching Syllabus. This is based on the theoretical and practical knowledge specified in the STCW Code. It is written as a series of learning objectives, in other words what the traine
41、e is expected to be able to do as a result of the teaching and training. Each of the objectives is expanded to define a required performance of knowledge, understanding and proficiency. IMO references, textbooks references and suggested teaching aids are included to assist the teacher in designing l
42、essons. Assessment check lists are contained in Appendix 3. These new training requirements were incorporated in STCW 95 following major casualties involving the Herald of Free Enterprise, Scandinavian Star and Estonia. Case studies of these casualties can be found in Appendix 1. The Convention defi
43、nes the minimum standards to be maintained in Part A of the STCW Code. Mandatory provisions concerning Training and Assessment are given in Section A-116 of the STCW Code. These provisions cover: qualification of instructors; supervisors as assessors; in-service training; assessment of competence; a
44、nd training and assessment within an institution. The corresponding Part B of the STCW Code contains guidance on training and assessment. The criteria for evaluating competence specified in the minimum standard of competence tables of Part A of the STCW Code are to be used in the assessment of all c
45、ompetences listed in those tables. A separate model course addresses Assessment of Competence and Use of the criteria for evaluating competence tabulated in the STCW Code. 3 PROFICIENCY IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR TRAINING INCLUDING PASSENGER SAFETY, CARGO SAFETY AND HULL INTEGRITY TRAI
46、NING Responsibilities of Administrations Administrations should ensure that training courses delivered by training providers are such as to ensure officers completing training do meet the standards of competence specified in Chapter V of the STCW Code. Refresher training In reality training is never
47、 completed and crews are required to receive refresher training. In accordance with Regulation Vi2 and V/3, seafarers are required to undertake appropriate refresher training, at intervals not exceeding five years, or be required to provide evidence of having achieved the required standard of compet
48、ence within the previous five years. (Regulation V/2 pa. 3 and Regulation V/3 pa. 3). 4 Part A: Course Framework Aims This model course aims to meet the mandatory minimum requirements for the training of personnel aboard ro-ro passenger ships, and the training of personnel on and passenger ships oth
49、er than ro-ro passenger ships as follows. 1 Ro-ro passenger ships The training for masters, chief mates, chief engineer officers, second engineer officers, and any person assigned immediate responsibility for embarking and disembarking passengers, loading, discharging or securing cargo, or closing hull openings, and any other person having a responsibility for the safety of passengers in emergency situations required by Regulation V/2, pa.7 and 8, of the STCW Convention, and specified in Section A-V/2 pa.4 and 5. 2 The training for masters, chief mates and persons assigned immediate
