1、Specifications and Tests for Strain Gage LinearAccelerator TransducersReaffirmed 29 September 1995ISA37.51982 (R1995)Formerly ISAS37.51982 (R1995)STANDARDISA The Instrumentation,Systems, andAutomation Society TMCopyright 1982 by the Instrument Society of America. All rights reserved. Printed in the
2、UnitedStates of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, orotherwise), without the prior written permission of the publisher.ISA67 Alexander DriveP.O. Box 12277Res
3、earch Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709ISA-37.5-1982 (R1995), Specifications and Tests for Strain Gage Linear Acceleration TransducersISBN 0-87664-379-9ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995) 3PrefaceThis preface, as well as all footnotes and annexes, is included for informational purposes and is not part of ISA-3
4、7.5-1982 (R1995).This standard has been prepared as a part of the service of ISA, the international society for measurement and control, toward a goal of uniformity in the field of instrumentation. To be of real value, this document should not be static, but should be subject to periodic review. Tow
5、ard this end, the Society welcomes all comments and criticisms, and asks that they be addressed to the Secretary, Standards and Practices Board; ISA; 67 Alexander Drive; P.O. Box 12277; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; Telephone: (919) 549-8411; Fax: (919) 549-8288; E-mail: standardsisa.org.The ISA
6、 Standards and Practices Department is aware of the growing need for attention to the metric system of units in general, and the International System of Units (SI) in particular, in the preparation of instrumentation standards, recommended practices, and technical reports. The Department is further
7、aware of the benefits to USA users of ISA Standards of incorporating suitable references to the SI (and the metric system) in their business and professional dealings with other countries. Towards this end, this Department will endeavor to introduce SI-acceptable metric units in all new and revised
8、standards to the greatest extent possible. The Metric Practice Guide, which has been published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers as ANSI/IEEE Std. 268-1992, and future revisions, will be the reference guide for definitions, symbols, abbreviations, and conversion factors.It is
9、the policy of ISA to encourage and welcome the participation of all concerned individuals and interests in the development of ISA standards, recommended practices, and technical reports. Participation in the ISA standards-making process by an individual in no way constitutes endorsement by the emplo
10、yer of that individual, of ISA, or of any of the standards, recommended practices, and technical reports that ISA develops.This standard is intended as a guide for technical personnel at user facilities as well as by manufacturers technical and sales personnel whose duties include specifying, calibr
11、ating, testing or showing performance characteristics of strain-gage linear accelerometers. By basing users specifications as well as technical advertising and reference literature on this standard, or by referencing portions thereof, as applicable, a clear understanding of the users needs or of the
12、 transducers performance capabilities, and of the methods used for evaluating or proving performance, will be provided. Adhering to the specification outline, terminology and procedures shown will not only result in simple, but also complete specifications; it will also reduce design time, procureme
13、nt lead time, and labor, as well as material costs. Of major importance will be the reduction of qualification tests resulting from use of a commonly accepted test procedure and uniform data presentation.The development of this Standard was initiated as the result of a survey conducted in December 1
14、960. A total of 240 questionnaires was sent out to transducer users and manufacturers. A strong majority indicated in their replies a need for transducer standardization. As strain-gage acceleration transducers were one of the types shown to be most in need of standardization, a Subcommittee, 8A-RP3
15、7.5, was formed under the former Survey Committee on Transducers for Aerospace Testing, 8A-RP37. Subcommittee 8A-RP37.5 became Standards Committee SP37.5 when the scope of the committees work was broadened to include the applications of these transducer types by all industries and sciences. To provi
16、de a coordinated document, this committee was composed of representatives from government, user, and manufacturer 4 ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995)categories. This Standard was then processed over several mail-review and revision cycles until a consensus of reviewers was reached, and it was published as ISA
17、Standard in 1971. It was approved as ANSI Standard MC 6.3-1975 in October 1975.The assistance of those who aided in the preparation of this document by answering questionnaires, offering suggestions, and in other ways, is gratefully acknowledged.The following individuals served as members of the 197
18、5 SP37.5 committee:NAME COMPANYL. L. Lathrop, Chairman (1965-71) Sandia LaboratoriesR. M. Canzoneri, Secretary Bell and HowellG. D. Goodrich Statham Instruments, Inc.J. S. Hilten, Chairman (1971-) National Bureau of StandardsG. C. MachenDeceased U.S. Naval Missile CenterE. D. Pettler ConsultantD. Sh
19、annon, Alternate Bell and HowellThe following individuals served on the ISA Committee SP37, who reaffirmed ISA-S37.5 in 1995:NAME COMPANYE. Icayan, Chairman Westinghouse Hanford Co.J. Weiss Electric Power Research Inst.P. Bliss ConsultantM. Brigham Washington Public Power Supply SystemD. Hayes LA De
20、pt. of Water a double asterisk appears after those terms defined in this Standard.2 PurposeThis Standard establishes the following for strain-gage linear acceleration transducers:a) Uniform minimum specifications for design and performance characteristicsb) Uniform acceptance and qualification test
21、methods, including calibration techniquesc) Uniform presentation of minimum test datad) A drawing symbol for use in electrical schematics (see Note in Section 3)3 Uniform drawings and symbols3.1 Drawing symbolThe electrical diagram symbol for a linear strain-gage acceleration transducer is a square
22、of dimensions 2x by 2x, with an added equilateral triangle, the base of which is the left side of the square. The triangle symbolizes the sensing element. The letter “a“ in the triangle designates linear (rectilinear) acceleration.NOTE Angular acceleration is designed by the Greek letter alpha ().Th
23、e strain gage bridge is symbolized by a small square, with diagonals x by x, centered in the large square. The diagonals of the small square are drawn perpendicular to the sides of the large square. Lines from each apex of the small square projected to the right side of the large square represent th
24、e electrical leads.10 ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995)NOTE This symbol is not ANSI approved at this time. It has been submitted to the ANSI Y32 Committee on Graphic Symbols for their consideration and approval.3.2 Outline drawingsOrthogrographic projection outline drawings, with tolerances should include the
25、following information:a) The outline dimensionsb) The location and size of the mounting holesc) The identification and location of the electrical connections; where a commercial connector is used, it and the mating connector should be identifiedd) The location of the center of the seismic mass (usin
26、g the following symbol, )e) The direction and polarity of the sensitive axis (using the following symbol, , to indicate the direction in which the case must be accelerated to produce a positive electrical output) (see 4.1.1.3, Identification, and 4.1.3.6, Polarity of Electrical Output).3.3 Electrica
27、l connectionsWhether the electrical termination is by means of a connector or a cable, the pin designations or wire color code shall conform to the following transducer wiring standard promulgated by the Western Regional Strain Gage Committee, as approved September 18, 1957, and revised May 6, 1960.
28、+ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995) 11NOTES1. The bridge elements shall be arranged so that functions producing positive electrical output will cause increasing resistance in arms 1 and 3 of the bridge.2. For shielded transducers, pins 5, 7, and 9 shall be shield terminals for 4, 6, and 8 wire systems respectiv
29、ely.4 Specification characteristics4.1 Design characteristics4.1.1 Basic mechanical design characteristics4.1.1.1 DimensionsDrawings giving dimensions (as well as other information) shall be provided as described in 3.2, Outline Drawings. Dimensions shall be given in millimeters (inches).4.1.1.2 Mas
30、sThe mass of the transducer shall be given in grams (ounces).4.1.1.3 IdentificationThe following characteristics shall be permanently inscribed on the outside of the transducer case or on a suitable nameplate permanently attached to the case:a) Nomenclature of the transducer per ISA-S37.1, Electrica
31、l Transducer Nomenclature and Terminology (see 3, Nomenclature).b) Name of the manufacturerc) Model or part number12 ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995)d) Serial numbere) Rangef) Excitationg) Identification of electrical connectionsh) Direction and polarity of the sensitive axis (see 3.2, Outline Drawings)i) (Op
32、tional) Customer specification or part number j) (Optional) Temperature rangek) (Optional) Input and output impedance l) (Optional) Approximate sensitivity m) (Optional) Marking “delicate instrument“4.1.1.4 Temperature rangeThe following temperature ranges shall be listed in Fahrenheit or Celsiusa)
33、The operating or compensated temperature range*b) The usable temperature (if the accelerometer can be used beyond the compensated temperature range)c) The maximum (minimum) ambient temperature range* (storage temperature range)4.1.2 Supplemental mechanical design characteristicsListing of the follow
34、ing mechanical design characteristics is optional.4.1.2.1 Type of strain gageFor example: metallic or semiconductor; bonded, unbonded, or diffused.4.1.2.2 Location of strain gageFor example: strain gages attached to the cantilevers supporting the seismic mass; strain gages attached between the seism
35、ic mass and the transducer case. Indicate method of attachment.4.1.2.3 Number of active strain gage elementsFor example: two-arm bridge; four-arm bridge.4.1.2.4 DampingSpecify type of damping (pneumatic, magnetic, or fluid); also, if fluid damping is used, specify type and characteristics of fluid.4
36、.1.2.5 Movement of the seismic mass with accelerationApproximate displacement in millimeters (inches) of the seismic mass due to full scale acceleration.4.1.2.6 Mechanical stopsThe location of the stops relative to the range of the transducer.*Defined in ISA-S37.1ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995) 134.1.3 Basic
37、 electrical design characteristicsThese characteristics are applicable at 24 3C (75 5F).4.1.3.1 Excitation*Expressed as _ volts (milliamperes) dc; or _ volts (milliamperes) ac rms at _ Hz.4.1.3.2 Maximum excitation*Expressed as _ volts (milliamperes) dc; or _ volts (milliamperes) ac rms at _ Hz.4.1.
38、3.3 Input impedance*Expressed as _ _ ohms at _ _ Hz; or _ _ ohms (dc).4.1.3.4 Output impedance*Expressed as _ _ ohms at _ _Hz; or_ _ ohms (dc).4.1.3.5 Electrical connectionsElectrical connections shall be made as described in 3.3, Electrical Connections.4.1.3.6 Polarity of electrical outputA positiv
39、e output is produced by applying a positive acceleration to the case of the accelerometer. (See 3.2, Outline Drawings(5), and 3.3, Electrical Connections.)4.1.3.7 Insulation resistance*Expressed as _ megohms, minimum, at _ volts dc between all terminals in parallel and the transducer case.4.1.3.8 Sh
40、unt calibration resistor*(Optional) Expressed as _ ohms for_ % of full scale output.NOTE The circuit arrangement shall be defined.4.1.3.9 InterferenceThe design characteristics incorporated in the accelerometer construction to minimize any radio frequency interference or electromagnetic interference
41、 signals being induced into the transducer or generated by the transducer by either conduction or radiation shall be described.4.1.3.10 Load impedance*Performance characteristics values apply only for load impedance values of _ ohms, minimum or _ _ ohms.4.2 Performance characteristicsThe pertinent p
42、erformance characteristics of strain gage accelerometers should be tabulated in the order shown. Unless otherwise specified they apply at 24 3C (75 5F); Relative Humidity, 90% maximum; Barometric Pressure, 73 7 cm Hg (29 3 inches Hg).*Defined in ISA-S37.1*Defined in 4.3, Additional Terminology14 ISA
43、-S37.5-1982 (R1995)4.2.1 Range*Expressed as _g or _ g to _ g.NOTE The standard g shall be considered to be 9.806650 meters/s2(32.17405 ft/s2. The SI unit of acceleration is the meter per second squared (m/s2).4.2.2 Acceleration overload*Expressed as _ g or_ g to _ g (see 4.2.1, Range).4.2.3 End poin
44、ts*Expressed as _ _mV and _ _mV at _ volts (milliamperes) excitation.4.2.4 Full-scale output*Expressed as _ _ mV per volt (milliampere) excitation; or _ _mV at _ volts (milliamperes) excitation.NOTE At the specified load impedance.4.2.5 Zero-measurand output*Expressed as _ _ mV per volt (milliampere
45、) excitation; or _ _ mV at _volts (milliamperes) excitation.NOTE At the specified load impedance.4.2.6 Linearity*Expressed as _ linearity within _% of full scale output.NOTE The type of linearity specified shall be one of the straight line types defined in ISA-S37.1; namely, end point, independent,
46、least squares, terminal, or theoretical slope.4.2.7 Hysteresis*Expressed as _% of full scale output. Alternately 4.2.6 and 4.2.7 may be combined as 4.2.8.4.2.8 Hysteresis and linearity*Expressed as combined hysteresis and linearity within _ % of full scale output.NOTE The type of linearity shall be
47、stated (see 4.2.6, Linearity).4.2.9 Repeatability*Expressed as within _% of full scale.4.2.10 Stability*Expressed as within _% of full scale output over a period of _ (hours, days, months). Alternately 4.2.6, 4.2.7, 4.2.9, and 4.2.10 may be combined as 4.2.11.4.2.11 Static error band*Expressed as _%
48、 of full scale output as referred to _ line.NOTE See ISA-S37.1 for listing of reference lines. The calibration cycle(s) used to establish this reference line shall be clearly identified. A least squares or end point line is preferred.*Defined in ISA-S37.1ISA-S37.5-1982 (R1995) 154.2.12 Warmup period
49、*Expressed as _minutes for subsequent sensitivity shift and zero shift not to exceed _% of full scale output, or for the static error band not to be exceeded.4.2.13 Output regulations*Expressed as sensitivity shift of _% for a change in bridge excitation of 10%; zero balance (mV/V) variation of _% full scale for a change in bridge
