1、Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BO. 15 17 Equivalent power flux-density limits, epfdd, to protect the broadcasting- satellite service in the 12 GHz band from interference caused by non-geostationary fixed-satellite service systems (Resolution 76 (WRC-2000) (2001) The ITU Radiocomunication
2、Assembly, considering a) and 12.5-12.75 GHz in Region 3 are allocated to the broadcasting-satellite service (BSS); that the bands 11.7-12.5 GHz in Region 1, 12.2-12.7 GHz in Region 2 and 11.7-12.2 GHz b) that the World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 1997) (WRC-97) allocated the bands listed
3、in considering a) to the non-geostationary fixed-satellite service (non-GSO FSS) (space-to-Earth) subject to the provisions of Resolution 538 (WRC-97); c) that emissions from the stations of non-GSO FSS satellite systems may result in interference to BSS networks and associated feeder links when the
4、se networks operate in the same frequency bands; d) that No. 22.2 of the Radio Regulations (RR) states that non-GSO satellite systems shall not cause unacceptable interference to GSO satellite systems in the FSS and BSS operating in accordance with these Regulations; e) that, in the bands listed in
5、considering a), WRC-97 adopted the concept of single-entry epfdj to quanti the level of interference fi-om non-GSO FSS systems to protect GSO BSS systems and also adopted provisional values for epfdJ; 0 that, in the bands listed in considering a), the World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2
6、000) (WRC-2000) adopted single-entry epfdj limits (see RR Article 22) that each non- GSO FSS system must meet; g) that in the bands listed in considering a), WRC-2000 also adopted aggregate epfdj limits (see Resolution 76 (WRC-2000) and No. 22.5K of RR Article 22) that the combined interference from
7、 the non-GSO FSS systems operating in the band must meet in order to satis the criteria of Recommendation ITU-R BO. 1444 for protection of GSO BSS networks, 197 2 further considering Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 h) from all non-GSO FSS systems to GSO satellite systems in the FSS and BSS; that ITU-R has develo
8、ped a methodology to assess the impact of the aggregate interference j) accordance with the RR from the aggregate interference caused by all non-GSO FSS systems; that ITU-R has developed criteria to protect GSO satellite systems in the BSS operating in k) that such a methodology and criteria are con
9、tained in Recommendation ITU-R BO. 1444; 1) considering a) are single-entry limits; that the epfdj limits applicable to non-GSO FSS systems in the frequency bands listed in m) system to that caused by multiple systems into GSO BSS networks; that there is a need to relate the level of interference ca
10、used by a single non-GSO FSS n) systems aggregates in a certain manner (as shown in Annex 2); that studies have concluded that the interference power from multiple non-GSO FSS 0) that ITU-R has defined the equivalent number, Negective (equal to 3.5) of systems to be considered for the purposes of st
11、udying the impact of aggregate interference from multiple non-GSO FSS systems operating in the bands listed in considering a), under the assumption that each system operates at the single-entry epfdj limits, recommends 1 Annex 1 are appropriate to protect GSO BSS from non-GSO FSS interference; that,
12、 consistent with Resolution 76 (WRC-2000), the specific aggregate epfdj limits of 2 that, in designing GSO BSS networks, administrations should take into account aggregate interference from non-GSO FSS systems produced at the levels in Annex 1 using the methodology and criteria contained in Recommen
13、dation ITU-R BO. 1444; 3 values from aggregate epfdJ values and vice versa (see Note 3). that, the methodology described in Annex 2 should be used to derive single-entry epfdj NOTE 1 - The epfdj values described in Annex 1 are based on reference BSS earth station antenna patterns found in Recommenda
14、tion ITU-R BO. 1443. NOTE 2 - The single-entry epfdj values provided in Appendix 1 to Annex 2 have been derived from the aggregate epfdj values in Annex 1 using the methodology described in Annex 2 and taking into accountfurther considering o). Appendix 1 to Annex 2 is provided for information purpo
15、ses. NOTE 3 - This methodology was developed by Radiocommunication Study Group 4. 198 Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 3 ANNEX 1 Aggregate epfdJ limits to protect GSO BSS systems from non-GSO FSS interference TABLE I* Limits on aggregate epfdJ radiated by non-GSO FSS systems in certain frequency bands for 30 cm,
16、45 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm BSS antennas Frequency band (GHZ) Percentage of time during which epfdJ level may not be exceeded Reference antenna diameter, and reference (1) radiation pattern Reference bandwidth (Wz) -1 60.4 -1 60.1 -158.6 -158.6 -158.33 -1 58.33 O 25 96 98
17、98 1 O0 40 30 cm Recommendation ITU-R BO. 1443, Annex 1 -1 70 -1 67 -1 64 -160.75 -1 60 -160 O 66 97.75 99.33 99.95 1 O0 40 45 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 -171 -168.75 -167.75 -1 62 -161 -1 60.2 -1 60 -160 O 90 97.8 99.6 99.8 99.9 99.99 1 O0 40 60 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex
18、1 11.7-12.5 in Region 1 11.7-12.2 and in Region 3 in Region 2 12.5-1 2.75 12.2-12.7 -173.75 -173 -171 -165.5 -163 -161 -1 60 -1 60 O 33 98 99.1 99.5 99.8 99.97 1 O0 40 90 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 -1 77 -1 75.25 -173.75 -173 -169.5 -167.8 -1 64 -161.9 -161 -1 60.4 -1 60 O 90 98.9 98.9
19、 99.5 99.7 99.82 99.9 99.965 99.993 1 O0 40 120 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 199 - 4 100% of the time epfds (dB(W/(m2 40 kHz) -1 60 -160 + 3.4 (57.5 - I Latitude 1)/4 -165.3 11.7-12.5 in Region 1 11.7-12.2 and in Region 3 in Region 2 (cont.) 12.5-12.75 12.2- 12.7 Latitude (North or South
20、) (degrees) O 5 Latitude 1 557.5 57.5 I Latitude I 563.75 63.75 )Latitude1 -1 79.5 -178.66 -1 76.25 -163.25 -161.5 -160.35 -1 60 -160 1 -1 82 -1 80.9 -1 78 -164.4 -161.9 -1 60.5 -160 -1 60 -186.5 -1 84 -180.5 -1 73 -1 67 -1 62 -160 -1 60 Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 TABLE I* (end) Percentage of time during wh
21、ich epfdJ level may not be exceeded O 33 98.5 99.8 1 99.91 99.975 99.995 1 O0 O 33 99.25 99.85 99.94 99.98 99.995 1 O0 O 33 99.5 99.7 99.83 99.94 99.97 1 O0 Reference bandwidth (kw 40 40 40 Reference antenna diameter, and reference (1) radiation pattern 180 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 2
22、40 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 300 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 200 Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 ANNEX 2 5 Methodology to go from single-entry epfdJ masks to aggregate epfdJ masks or vice versa Recommendation ITU-R B0.1444 -Protection of the BSS in the 12 GHz band and associated feede
23、r links in the 17 GHz band from interference caused by non-GSO FSS systems describes performance objectives and interference apportionment based on a definition of an aggregate envelope of the interference that a GSO BSS carrier can tolerate. Since the criteria adopted in this Recommendation are bas
24、ed on aggregate interference levels, whereas the epfdJ limits appearing in RR Article 22 correspond to single-entry levels, there is a need to relate the level of interference caused by a single non-GSO system to that caused by multiple such systems. 1 Mechanism of aggregation Studies performed in t
25、he case of multiple non-GSO FSS systems, have established the existence of three fairly distinct Zones (i.e. ranges of time percentage) in the cumulative distribution of the aggregate interference: - Zone A: the interference contributions from the individual non-GSO systems will add in power. - Zone
26、 B: the time percentages for which the same interference levels are contributed by each non-GSO system will add. - Zone C: it will comprise time percentages at the lower end of the scale, the aggregate interference is dominated by the worst-case single entry. This methodology is very generic and app
27、licable to all sizes of antennas. However, studies have highlighted that Zone C is relevant only for antenna diameters greater or equal to 1 O m. The relationship between these zones is illustrated schematically in Fig. 1. Power addition occurs at the higher time percentages, time addition at somewh
28、at lower time percentages, and the aggregate curve merges with the worst-case single entry curve at the very low time percentages. Studies have shown that, when considering interference from the many possible combinations of non-GSO systems, the boundaries between these zones cannot be defined at sp
29、ecific values for either time percentage or epfds. When the time percentage is expressed as the per cent of time during which the interfering signal epfdJ level may be exceeded, as is done in Figs. 1 and 2. Note that the values in Tables 1 and 2 are expressed as the percentage of time during which e
30、pfdJ level may not be exceeded. 201 6 I Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 I FIGURE 1 Schematic illustration of zones Initial aggregate epfdl mask for N systems Zones representation - - - - I 100 10 1 3 g 0.1 8 2 G 0.01 0.001 0.0001 -210 -205 -200 -195 -190 -185 -180 -175 -170 -165 -160 ePf4 15 17-01 2 Single entry
31、 to aggregate The derivation of the aggregate epfdj mask is done by using the mechanisms driving the aggregation of the interference from several non-GSOFSS systems into GSO networks and is highlighted in Section 1. In order to use these results when deriving the aggregate mask, three epfdL masks ar
32、e represented in Fig. 2: - the single-entry mask; - the mask corresponding to the power addition of N systems (single-entry epfdL + 10 log the mask corresponding to the time addition of N systems (single-entry time percentage (W); XN). - The aggregate mask is obtained by taking in Zone A (power addi
33、tion) and in Zone B (time addition) the envelope of these two masks and in Zone C by converging towards the single-entry mask. This methodology is very generic and applicable to all sizes of antennas. However, as previously noted, studies have highlighted that Zone C is relevant only for antenna dia
34、meters greater or equal to 10 m. Since the BSS earth station antenna sizes are less than 10 m, the methodology to be applied in the fiequency bands allocated to the BSS is restricted to Zones A and B. In this case, the aggregate mask is obtained by taking in Zone A (power addition) and in Zone B (ti
35、me addition) the envelope of the two masks. 202 Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 7 FIGURE 2 Derivation of the aggregate epfdL mask with N systems 100 10 1 2 e, 0.1 .i i3 b 0.01 0.001 0.0001 I m I 1- I I I I I c I I I I I I 11- I I I I l I l I I 0. - I I - ime addition - N systems I I I I I I I I 4 I I I I I I I I
36、 I I i -210 -205 -200 -195 -190 -1 85 -180 -175 -170 -165 ePf4 -.-.- Single entry mask - Power addition mask - Nsystems Time addition mask - N systems 1517-02 3 Aggregate to single entry Starting from the aggregate mask, the single-entry mask is obtained by the reverse process described above. Two m
37、asks: - aggregate epfd - 1 O log (N) (power division); - aggregate time percentagelN (time division), must be assessed. The envelope of these two masks will give the single-entry mask. In those cases where the time shifted and the power shifted curves do not intersect, the following procedure is app
38、lied: Step 1: A point P close to the 1% of time on the original curve is selected. Step 2: The point P on the time shifted and the point P on the power shifted are connected. Step 3: The single-entry curve consists of the power shifted portion in Zone A, the segment created in Step 2 and the time sh
39、ifted segment in Zone B. Step 4: The procedure described in Section 3 is used to derive a new aggregate mask from the single-entry mask obtained in Step 3. The new aggregate mask is then verified to ensure that it is close and below the original aggregate mask. If this condition is not met, a new po
40、int P is chosen and Steps 2 to 4 are repeated. 203 8 Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 APPENDIX 1 TO ANNEX 2 *, *, *, * TABLE 2 Single entry limits to the epfdg radiated by a non-GSO FSS system in certain frequency bands for 30 cm, 45 cm, 60cm, 90 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm BSS antennas Frequency band (
41、GHZ) 11.7-12.5 in Region 1 11.7-12.2 and in Region 3 in Region 2 12.5-12.75 12.2- 12.7 Percentage of time during which epfdL level may not be exceeded -1 65.841 -1 65.541 - 1 64.04 1 -158.6 -158.6 -158.33 -158.33 O 25 96 98.857 99.429 99.429 1 O0 -1 75.44 1 -1 72.44 1 -169.441 -1 64 -160.75 -160 -1
42、60 O 66 97.75 99.357 99.809 99.986 1 O0 -176.441 -1 73.191 -167.75 -1 62 -161 -160.2 -1 60 -1 60 -178.94 -178.44 -176.44 -171 -165.5 -163 -161 -1 60 -1 60 O 97.8 99.37 1 99.886 99.943 99.971 99.997 1 O0 O 33 98 99.429 99.714 99.857 99.943 99.991 1 O0 Reference bandwidth (Mz) 40 40 40 40 Reference an
43、tenna diameter and reference radiation pattern (1) 30 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 45 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex I 60 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex I 90 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex I 204 Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 9 Frequency band (GHZ) 11.7-12.5 in Region 1 11.7-
44、12.2 and in Region 3 in Region 2 (cont.) 12.5-12.75 12.2- 12.7 -1 82.44 -1 80.69 -1 79.19 -178.44 -174.94 -173.75 -1 73 -169.5 -167.8 -164 -161.9 -161 -160.4 -1 60 -184.941 -1 84.1 O1 -1 8 1.691 -1 76.25 -163.25 -161.5 -160.35 -1 60 -1 60 -187.441 -1 86.341 -1 83.44 1 -178 -164.4 -161.9 -160.5 -1 60
45、 -1 60 -191.941 -189.441 -1 85.94 1 -1 80.5 -173 -1 67 -1 62 -160 -1 60 *, *, *, * TABLE 2 (end) Percentage of time during which epfdj level may not be exceeded O 90 98.9 98.9 99.5 99.68 99.68 99.85 99.91 5 99.94 99.97 99.99 99.998 1 O0 O 33 98.5 99.571 99.946 99.974 99.993 99.999 1 O0 O 33 99.25 99
46、.786 99.957 99.983 99.994 99.999 1 O0 O 33 99.5 99.857 99.9 14 99.951 99.983 99.991 1 O0 Reference bandwidth (MZ) 40 40 40 40 Reference antenna diameter and reference (1) radiation pattern - 120 cm Recommendation ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 180 cm Recommendation ITU-R BO. 1443, Annex 1 240 cm Recommendat
47、ion ITU-R B0.1443, Annex 1 300 cm Recommendation ITU-R BO. 1443, Annex 1 205 10 Notes relative to Table 2: 100% of the time epfdl 1 (dB(W/(m2 - 40 kHz) * * * * (1) Latitude (North or South) (degrees) Rec. ITU-R B0.1517 -160 + 3.4 (57.5 - 1 Latitude ()/4 -165.3 For BSS antenna diameters of 180 cm, 24
48、0 cm and 300 cm, in addition to the single-entry limits shown in this Table, the following latitude-dependent single-entry 100% of the time epfdj limits also apply in the frequency bands listed in the first column: 57.5 /Latitude( 563.75 63.75 ILatitudeI I -160 I O I )Latitude1 557.5 For each refere
49、nce antenna diameter, the limit consists of the complete curve on a plot which is linear (dF3) for the epfdj levels and logarithmic for the time percentages, with straight lines joining the data points. For a BSS earth station antenna diameter of 240 cm, in addition to the single-entry 100% of the time epfdj limit specified in Note * to this Table, a single-entry 100% of the time operational epfdj limit is specified in Table 22-4C, of RR Article 22. In meeting these limits, the administrations intending to develop such systems sh
