1、 - CCIR RECMN*b52-1 92 = 4855222 0529594 623 = Rec. 652-1 113 RECOMMENDATION 652- 1* REFERENCE PATTERNS FOR EARTHSTATION AND SATELLITE ANTENNAS FOR THE BROADCASTINGSATELLITE SERVICE IN THE 12 GHz BAND AND FOR THE ASSOCIATED FEEDER LINKS* IN THE 14 GHz AND 17 GHz BANDS (Questions 84/11 and 93/1 i) (1
2、986-1992) The CCIR, considering a that for broadcasting-satellite service planning purposes, simple antenna reference patterns are necessary; b) that for reasons of cost, aesthetics, and ease of installation, antennas for individual reception should be small, simple, and amenable to mass-production
3、techniques, and that within these general guidelines different design options should be possible; Cl that planning for the broadcasting-satellite service based on individual reception in frequency bands around 12 GHz has taken place and community reception may also be accommodated; 4 that easily app
4、lied antenna reference patterns are desirable to determine the levels of inter-regional interference; e that every effort should be made to avoid unnecessary spil-over into adjacent service areas; 0 that for the assessment of mutual interference between the 12 GHz broadcasting-satellite service and
5、other services sharing the same frequency bands, it may be necessary to use a reference radiation pattern for both the earth- station receiving antenna and the satellite transmitting antenna; g) that the use of antennas with the best achievable radiation pattern will lead to the most efficient use o
6、f the radio-frequency spectrum and the geostationary-satellite orbit; h) that measured data for the radiation patterns of 12 GHz broadcasting-satellite earth-station receiving antennas and satellite transmitting antennas are available; j) that planning for feeder links in frequency bands around 14 G
7、Hz and 17 GHz which is used for the 12 GHz broadcasting-satellite service has taken place; k) that every effort should be made to avoid interference to adjacent broadcasting satellites; 1) that for the assessment of mutual interference between the 14 GWl7 GHz feeder links for satellite broadcasting
8、and other services sharing the same frequency bands, it may be necessary to use reference radiation patterns for both the earth-station transmitting antenna and the satellite receiving antenna for the feeder links; m that reference patterns for 14 GHz and 17 GHz feeder-link earth-station transmittin
9、g antennas and satellite receiving antennas are presented in Appendix 30A (Orb-88) of the Radio Regulations m), recommends that for earth-station receiving antennas, to ensure that interference up to the limit of the service area should 1. not exceed that envisaged in Plans for the 12 GE band: * * N
10、ote from the Director, CCIR -Repork 810 and 952 were referred to in preparing this Recommendation. The part of this Recommendation concerning feeder links should be brought to the attention of Study Group 4. CCIR RECMN*b52-3 92 4855232 0539595 5bT = 114 Rec. 652-1 1.1 in Regions 1 and 3 individual r
11、eception receiving antennas should have co-polar and cross-polar radiation patterns not exceeding the reference patterns given in Fig. 1 by curves A and B respectively, taking po = 2“ (nominal half-power beamwidth); 1.2 in Region 2, individual reception receiving antennas should have co-polar and cr
12、oss-polar radiation patterns not exceeding the reference patterns given in Fig. 2 by curves A and B respectively, taking cpo = 1.7“ (nominal half- power beamwidth); 1.3 in Regions 1 and 3 community reception receiving antennas should have co-polar and cross-polar radiation patterns not exceeding the
13、 reference pattern given in Fig. 1 by curves A and B respectively taking cpo = 1“ (nominal haif-power beamwidth); 2. that for satellite transmitting antenna beams with circular or elliptical cross-section: 2.1 in Regions 1 and 3 the radiation pattern should conform to the applicable reference patter
14、ns given in Fig. 3; 2.2 applicable reference pattern given in Fig. 4 and, for fast roll-off (Note 1) to the reference pattern given in Fig. 5; in Region 2 the radiation pattern for normal roll-off should conform as a minimum requirement to the 3. that for feeder-link earth-station antennas: 3.1 refe
15、rence patterns given in Fig. 6 by curves A and B respectively; in Region 2 transmitting antennas should have co-polar and cross-polar radiation patterns not exceeding the 3.2 the limits indicated in Fig. 7; in Regions 1 and 3 the co-polar and cross-polar radiation patterns of transmitting antennas s
16、hould not exceed 4. that for satellite receiving antennas: 4.1 reference patterns given in Fig. 8 by curves A and B respectively; in Region 2 receiving antennas should have co-polar and cross-polar radiation patterns not exceeding the 4.2 radiation patterns not exceeding the reference patterns given
17、 in Fig. 9 by curves A and B respectively; in Region 2 the radiation pattern for fast roll-off receiving antennas should have co-polar and cross-polar 4.3 the reference patterns given in Fig. 10 by curves A and B respectively; in Regions 1 and 3 receiving antennas should have co-polar and cross-pola
18、r radiation patterns not exceeding 4.4 polar radiation patterns not exceeding the reference patterns given in Fig. 11 by curves A and B respectively. in Regions 1 and 3 the radiation pattern for fast roll-off receiving antennas should have co-polar and cross- Note I - In Region 2, when necessary to
19、reduce interference, the pattern shown in Fig. 5 was used to develop the Plan; this use is indicated in the Plan by an appropriate symbol. This pattern is derived from an antenna producing an elliptical beam with fast roll-off in the main lobe. Three curves for different values of cpo are shown as e
20、xamples. Note 2 - The patterns in Figs. 1-5 and 8-11 are given as functions of the relative angle p/cpo, where p is the angle measured from the axis of the beam, and cpo is the angular width of the beam measured between the -3 dB levels. The levels are expressed in dB relative to the maximum (on-axi
21、s) gain of the antenna. Note 3 - Annex 1 provides supporting analytic data for the BSS reference antenna patterns (i.e. transmitting space stations and receiving earth stations). CCIR RECMN*b52-3 92 m 4855232 0539596 4Tb m Rec. 652-1 FIGURE 1 Co-polar and cross-polar receiving earth-station antenna
22、reference patterns in Regions 1 and 3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 23 5 10 20 30 50 100 Relative angle, cplcpo Curve A: Co-polar component for individual reception without side-lobe suppression (dB relative to main beam gain): O for O I 9.55 0.86 3.16% after intersection with curve C: as curve C Curve B: Cross
23、-polar component (dB relative to main beam gain): - (40 + 40 log I 1.6790 after intersection with curve C: as curve C for Curve C: Minus the on-axis gain (curve C in this figure illustrates the particular case of au antenna with an on-axis gaiu of 43 dBi) 118 O -10 Rec. 652-1 FIGURE 4 Reference patt
24、erns for CO-polar and cross-polar components for satellite transmitting antennas in Regions 2 - 40 -50 0.1 0.2 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 Relative angle, q/qo Curve A: Co-polar component (dJ3 relative to main beam gain): - 12 ( 1.45 after intersection with curve C: as curve C Curve B: Cross-polar component
25、(dB relative to main beam gain): - 30 after intersection with Co-polar pattern: Co-polar pattern for O I q/qo 1.45 after intersection with curve C: as curve C Curve R: Cross-polar component (dB relative to main beam gain): - 30 after intersection with Co-polar pattern: Co-polar pattern for O I cp/O
26、S cp 48“ Cross-polar component (dBW): E - 30 (dBW) for O“ I cp I 1.6“ E - 25 - 25logcp (dBW) for 1.6“ 48“ where: E: cp : (dBW) (dBW) earth-station e.i.r.p. on the antenna axis (dBW) off-axis angle referred to the main lobe axis (degrees) Note 1 - X-axis is absolute value of angle. The feeder-link Pl
27、an is based on an earth-station transmitting antenna diameter of 5 m for the band 17.3-18.1 GHz and 6 m for the band 14.5-14.8 GHz. 122 O -10 % c .- Fi g -20 5 s 2 * u .d c1 5 -30 -40 - 50 CCIR RECMN*b52-3 72 m 4855232 0539603 Ybb m Rec. 652-1 FIGURE 8 Reference patterns for co-polar and cross-polar
28、 components for satellite receiving antenna in Region 2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 1 2 3 45 7 10 20 30 40 50 70 100 Relative angle, 1.45 after intersection with curve C: as curve C Curve B: Cross-polar component ( - the near side lobes, corresponding approximately to 1.6 3.2. The envelope of the main lobe can
29、be satisfactorily approximated by a curve of the form -12 (cp/ 1.5. This proposed pattern is shown in Fig. 3. ln practice, the values around boresight may be difficult to achieve. If the feed assembly is used for both transmitting and receiving, or if a multiple-feed assembly is used to generate an
30、irregularly-shaped beam, then it may not be possible to achieve the cross-polar performance indicated in Fig. 3. 3.3 Suggested values of PO The suggested values of cpo to be assumed for different types of broadcasting service are given in Table 1. Higher-gain antennas may be used in some receiving i
31、nstallations, for example, to obtain a better signal-to- noise ratio, but the table is intended to indicate the values of cpo for the types of antenna expected to be used in the majority of receiving installations. = - - - -_ CCIR RECMN*b52-L 92 W 4855212 0519bLO bTb W Frequency 12 GHz (I) Rec. 652-
32、1 129 Broadcas ting-satellite service Community Individual reception reception Terres trial broadcasting service 2.0 (Regions 1 and 3) 1 .oo (0.9 m) 3.0“ (2) (1.8 m) 1.7“ (Region 2) (0.6 m) (1 m) (Regions 1 and 3) Attention is drawn to the fact that antennas with smaller beamwidths will require care
33、ful alignment and careful mounting to prevent degradation in reception, and that they may also call for a specification of maximuin satellite motion more demanding than that of satellites for other services. TABLE 1 Half-power beamwidths, PO of ground receiving antennas (Typical diameters are given in brackets)
