1、 Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.592-4*Vocabulary of terms for the fixed service (1982-1986-1990-2002-2007) Scope This Recommendation provides vocabulary of basic terms used in other ITU-R Recommendations or Reports in relation to the fixed service. These terms are arranged in several ca
2、tegories with their definitions. Important acronyms and abbreviations that appear frequently in many Recommendations are also listed. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that there is a need for clear definition of terminology, used in ITU-R Recommendations and other texts, in order
3、to use them in an unambiguous way, noting a) that Recommendation ITU-R F.1399 also contains vocabulary of terms for wireless access (WA); recommends that the following definitions be used in the texts relating to the fixed service: 1 Terms relating to radio transmission 1.1 Fixed wireless system (FW
4、S) A: (FWS) C: 固定无线系统（ FWS) F: Systme hertzien fixe R () S: Sistemas inalmbricos fijos Telecommunication systems operating in the fixed service including, for example, radio-relay systems, HF systems, and systems using high altitude platform stations (HAPS), and which support a range of applications
5、 such as access and core transport (see Note 1). NOTE 1 The Radio Regulations (RR) indicate that the fixed service uses electromagnetic waves arbitrarily limited up to 3 000 GHz; however it is anticipated that the term “fixed wireless system” could also include the use of optical signals without art
6、ificial guide. *This Recommendation should be brought to the attention of the Coordination Committee for Vocabulary (CCV). 2 Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 1.2 Radio-relay system A: C： 无线接力系统 F: Faisceau hertzien R S: Sistema de radioenlaces Radiocommunication system in the fixed service operating at frequencie
7、s above about 30 MHz which uses propagation in the atmosphere and which may include one or more intermediate stations (see Note 1). NOTE 1 The term “radio-relay system”, found in a number of ITU-R Recommendations, can refer, in certain cases, to both radio-relay systems, as defined above, and other
8、types of systems in the fixed service. The more general term of fixed wireless system (FWS) as given in recommends 1.1 will be used in future. The process to amend, where appropriate, the terminology in ITU-R Recommendations will be undertaken in an evolutionary manner. 1.3 High-density applications
9、 in the fixed service (HDFS) A: (HDFS) C： 固定业务高密度应用（ HDFS) F: Applications haute densit dans le service fixe (HDFS) R (-) S: Aplicaciones de alta densidad en el servicio fijo (HDFS) A significant level of deployment of point-to-point (P-P) and/or multipoint (MP) systems within a given area. NOTE 1 T
10、hese systems are generally intended to support broadband applications. NOTE 2 MP systems cover either point-to-multipoint (P-MP) or multipoint-to-multipoint (MP-MP) systems. 1.4 High altitude platform station (HAPS) A: (HAPS) C: 高空平台台站（ HAPS) F: Station place sur une plate-forme haute altitude (HAPS
11、) R (HAPS) S: Estacin en plataforma a gran altitud (HAPS) A station located on an object at an altitude of 20 to 50 km and at a specified, nominal, fixed point relative to the Earth. (See RR No. 1.66A.) Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 3 1.5 Fixed wireless access (FWA) A: (FWA) C： 固定无线接入（ FWA) F: Accs hertzien fi
12、xe (AHF) R () S: Acceso inalmbrico fijo (FWA) Fixed wireless system application in which the location of the end-user termination and the network access point to be connected to the end-user are fixed. (See Recommendation ITU-R F.1399.) 1.6 Trans-horizon radio-relay system A: C： 超视距无线接力系统 F: Faiscea
13、u hertzien transhorizon R S: Sistema de radioenlaces transhorizonte Radio-relay system using trans-horizon tropospheric propagation, mainly forward scatter. NOTE 1 Recommendation ITU-R P.310 gives a definition for trans-horizon (tropospheric) propagation. 1.7 Point-to-point communication A: C： 点对点通信
14、 F: Communication point point R S: Comunicacin punto a punto Communication provided by a single connection, for example, a radio-relay link between two stations located at specified fixed points or multiple cascaded links made by a number of intermediate repeaters with or without partial payload dro
15、p-insert. 4 Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 1.7.1 Terminal station (point-to-point) A: ) ( C： 终端站（点对点） F: Station terminale (point point) R ( ) S: Estacin terminal (punto a punto) A station where the payload is assembled (disassembled) with (from) radio-system specific control and service channels and sent on a
16、single or multiple channel radio connection. The connection can be unprotected or protected by a radio channel protection switching on a 1:1 or n:m basis. 1.7.2 Repeater station (point-to-point) A: ) ( C： 中继站（点对点） F: Station de rpteur (point point) R ( ) S: Estacin repetidora (punto a punto) A stati
17、on where the payload is passed through mainly transparently. Repeaters could be “non-regenerative” when the signal is only filtered and amplified, with or without down and up conversions (e.g. in some analogue FDM systems) or “regenerative” when, in digital applications, the signal is demodulated an
18、d re-modulated before transmission to the next radio hop. Passive repeaters implemented without any active radio component (e.g. two-directional antenna connected back-to-back, reflector, etc.) are also utilized. 1.7.3 Drop-insert (of a payload) A: - ) ( C： 插入 /分出（净荷） F: Extraction-insertion (dune c
19、harge utile) R - ( ) S: Extraccin-insercin (de una carga til) A functionality provided in analogue and digital repeaters, where only radio-system specific control and service channels and possibly part of the payload is made available for local traffic and system management and maintenance. Rec. ITU
20、-R F.592-4 5 1.8 Point-to-multipoint communication A: C： 点对多点通信 F: Communication point multipoint R S: Comunicacin punto a multipunto Communication provided by multiple links in the same geographical area, for example, radio links between a single station located at a specified fixed point and a num
21、ber of stations located at fixed points within the coverage area of the central station. 1.8.1 Digital radio concentrator (system) A: ) ( C： 数字无线集中器（系统） F: Concentrateur en radiocommunications numriques (systme) R () S: Sistema concentrador de radiocomunicaciones digitales Point-to-multipoint radio
22、systems using multiple access techniques between a central station and several remote stations, in which the central station allocates the resources (e.g. time, frequencies and codes) to be shared among terminal stations on demand. 1.8.2 Central station A: C： 中心站 F: station centrale R S: estacin cen
23、tral See Recommendation ITU-R F.1399. 1.8.3 Terminal station (point-to-multipoint) A: ) ( F: station terminale (point-multipoint) C： 终端站（点对多点） R ( ) S: estacin terminal (punto a multipunto) See Recommendation ITU-R F.1399. 6 Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 1.8.4 Repeater station (point-to-multipoint) A: ) ( F: r
24、pteur; station rptrice (point-multipoint) C: 中继站（点对多点） R ( ) S: repetidor; estacin repetidora (punto a multipunto) See Recommendation ITU-R F.1399. 1.9 Terms related to channel arrangements 1.9.1 (Orthogonal) co-channel A: )( C: （正交）同波道 F: Cocanal (orthogonal), cofrquence (orthogonale) R ( ) S: Coca
25、nal (ortogonal) Refers to an arrangement of radio channels in a radio link in which the same nominal centre frequency is used on two orthogonal polarizations for the transmission of two signals, which may or may not be independent. See also Recommendation ITU-R F.746. 1.9.2 Alternated A: C： 交替（极化） F
26、: Alterne R S: Alternada Refers to an arrangement of radio channels in a radio link in which two adjacent channels are cross-polarized. See also Recommendation ITU-R F.746. 1.9.3 Interleaved A: C： 交错 F: Intercale R S: Intercalada Refers to an arrangement of radio channels in a radio link in which ad
27、ditional channels are inserted between the principal channels, the centre frequencies of the additional channels being shifted by a Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 7 specified value, which is a significant proportion, such as a half, of the channel bandwidth from the centre frequencies of the principal channels.
28、 See also Recommendation ITU-R F.746. 1.9.4 Co-channel dual polarization/polarized (CCDP) A: (CCDP) C: 同波道双极化（ CCDP) F: Double polarization cocanal R (DP) S: Polarizacin doble cocanal Use of a single radio frequency by two orthogonally polarized carriers conveying different signals. 1.10 Terms relat
29、ed to diversity 1.10.1 Diversity reception A: C： 分集接收 F: Rception en diversit R S: Recepcin por diversidad A reception method in which one resultant signal is obtained from several received radio signals which convey the same information but for which the radio path or the transmission channel diffe
30、rs by at least one characteristic such as frequency, polarization, position or angle of antennas. NOTE 1 The quality of the resultant signal can be higher than that of the individual signals, due to the partial decorrelation of propagation conditions over the different radio paths or transmission ch
31、annels. NOTE 2 The term “time diversity” is sometimes used to refer to the repetition of a signal or part of a signal over a single radio path or transmission channel. 1.10.2 Order of diversity A: C： 分集重数 F: Ordre de diversit R S: Orden de diversidad The number of different radio signals used for di
32、versity reception. For two signals, reception is said to be “double diversity”, and so on. 8 Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 1.10.3 Space diversity reception A: C： 空间分集接收 F: Rception en diversit despace R - S: Recepcin con diversidad de espacio Diversity reception in which several antennas and associated receive
33、rs are used at appropriate distances from each other in a radio station. NOTE 1 For line-of-sight radio-relay systems, separation is generally vertical, whereas for trans-horizon radio-relay systems, it is generally horizontal. 1.10.4 Frequency diversity reception A: C： 频率分集接收 F: Rception en diversi
34、t de frquence R S: Recepcin con diversidad de frecuencia Diversity reception in which several radio channels are used with appropriate frequency separations. NOTE 1 If the channels are situated in different frequency bands, the frequency diversity is said to be “cross-band diversity”. 1.11 Cross pol
35、arization interference canceller (XPIC) (circuit) A: （ XPIC） ) ( C： 交叉极化干扰抵消器（电路）（ XPIC) F: (Circuit) annuleur de brouillage de transpolarisation (XPIC) R (XPIC) () S: Circuito cancelador de la interferencia de transpolarizacin (XPIC) Adaptive coupling circuit between two orthogonal co-frequency cha
36、nnels or two alternated adjacent channels, on the same link, used to reduce cross-polar interference, during adverse propagation conditions. Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 9 1.12 Multi-carrier transmission A: C： 多载波传输 F: Transmission multiporteuses R S: Transmisin multiportadora Radio transmission using more th
37、an one carrier with different frequencies which are commonly amplified in a single transmitter or a receiver. NOTE 1 This technology is usually employed to reduce frequency-selective effects of multipath fading. 1.13 Automatic transmit power control (ATPC) A: (ATPC) C： 自动发射功率控制（ ATPC) F: Commande au
38、tomatique de puissance dmission R () S: Control automtico de la potencia del transmisor A technology to automatically control the transmit power depending on the radio propagation losses due to rain and/or multipath fading. 2 Terms relating to availability and error performance for digital paths and
39、 connections (See ITU-T Recommendations G.821, G.826, G.827 and G.828) 2.1 Availability performance Availability performance: The ability of an item to be in the state to perform a required function at a given instant of time or at any instant of time within a given time interval, assuming that the
40、external resources, if required, are provided. Unavailable time: A period of unavailable time begins at the onset of ten consecutive severely errored second (SES) events. These ten seconds are considered to be part of unavailable time. Available time: A new period of available time begins at the ons
41、et of ten consecutive non-SES events. These ten seconds are considered to be part of available time. NOTE 1 A bidirectional path (connection) is available if, and only if, both directions are available. Availability ratio (symbol: AR): The proportion of time that is in the available state during an
42、observation period. AR is calculated by dividing the total available time during the observation period by the duration of the observation period. Unavailability ratio (symbol: UR) (converse of AR): The proportion of time that a path (connection) is in the unavailable state during an observation per
43、iod. UR is calculated by dividing the total unavailable time during the observation period by the duration of the observation period. 10 Rec. ITU-R F.592-4 Mean time between digital path outages (symbol: Mo): For a digital path portion is the average duration of any continuous interval during which
44、the portion is available. Consecutive intervals of planned available time are concatenated. Outage intensity (symbol: OI): The reciprocal of Mo. 2.2 Error performance Errored bit An inconsistency between a bit in a transmitted digital signal and the corresponding bit in the received digital signal. Bit error ratio (symbol: BER) A: (BER ) : C： 误比特率（符号： BER） F: Taux derreur binaire (symbole: TEB) R (BER) S: Proporcin de bits errneos (smbolo: BER) For a binary digital signal, the ratio of the numb
