1、RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1041-1 FUTURE AMATEUR RADIO SYSTEMS (FARS) (Question IW-R 48/8) (1994-1998) The IT Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) Question ITU-R 48/8; b) c) d) e) interference within these services; that different future systems are under study; that system compatibility is neces
2、sary for international operation; the need for flexible systems capable of adapting to new developments and natural disasters; that the amateur and amateur-satellite bands below 3 GHz are heavily used, and there is a need to reduce 0 g) usually require use of terrestrial or satellite radio-relays; h
3、) 9 reduce the cost of systems, that the bands above 3 GHz will be subject to increasing use; that to communicate at distances beyond line of sight, propagation characteristics of the bands above 144 MHz that there is increasing need for high-speed digital communications; that commonaliy of hardware
4、 software and protocols is desirable in order to achieve economies of scale and recommends that future systems in the amateur and amateur-satellite services should incorporate the following objectives and characteristics, and take into account the following frequency band considerations: 1 Objectiv
5、es General objectives for funire systems in the amateur and amateur-satellite services should: 1.1 General 1.1.1 1.1.2 countries. Promote design of robust systems capable of providing communication during natural disasters. Accommodate the needs of amateur operators in urban, rural and remote areas,
6、 including those in developing 1.1.3 fund their own stations. Make systems widely available to amateur operators at an acceptable cost, recognizing that amateur operators 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.6 Minimize radiated power. Develop compatible and interoperable terrestrial and satellite systems. Provide a flex
7、ible architecture that will facilitate introduction of technology advancements. 1.2 Technical 1.2.1 Promote increased spectrum efficiency, eg., through use of automatic power control, automatic link establishment, adaptive antennas, diversity reception, digital signal processing, and access techniqu
8、es such as time division multiple access (TDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA). STD-ITU-R RECMN M.LO3-1-ENGL 1998 D 4855232 053515b 323 Is 2 Rec. ITU-R M.1041-1 1.2.2 1.2.3 Ensure information integrity through error control techniques. Encourage the development of common interfaces for the
9、 interconnection of equipment. 1.3 Operational 1.3.1 Provide for operational flexibility and self-organization. 1.3.2 1.3.3 automatic language translation, data bases, etc. Support international roaming within the amateur services. Permit amateur stations to gain access to particular services made p
10、ossible by advances in technology, e.g., 1.4 Services Support, among others, the following: 1.4.1 Morse code In accordance with ITU-T Recommendation F. 1 Division B. 1.4.2 Narrow-band direct-printing International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, as defined in ITU-T Recommendation F. 1 Division C, and Reco
11、mmendation IT-R M.625 except for modified station identification. 1.4.3 Telephony Telephony of commercial quality. 1.4.4 Facsimile In accordance with appropriate ITU-T Recommendations, subject to radio environments. 1.4.5 Data transmission Synchronous and asynchronous in accordance with appropriate
12、IT-T Recommendations, consistent with bandwidth limitations and propagation at MFMF and higher frequencies. 1.4.6 Television Slow and fast scan television using appropriate regional standards, including digital techniques. 1.4.7 New transmission modes Experimentation and development of new modes of
13、transmission in order to advance the state of the art. 2 Technical characteristics Amateur and amateur-satellite systems should have technical characteristics that provide worldwide interoperability, and allow origination, relay and termination of communications independent of other radio services.
14、Design emphasis should be placed on reliability, robustness and flexibility of reconfiguration for efficient emergency communications. Multiple access techniques (e.g., frequency (FDMA), TDMA and CDMA) and modulation techniques should be selected for optimum spectrum efficiency, frequency reuse, res
15、istance to interference and immunity to adverse propagation conditions. 3 Operational Characteristics Systems should be capable of operation in urban, residential and rural areas, and should be suitable for use in fixed and/or mobile applications. Mobile systems should include personal pocket termin
16、als and systems suitable for operation in vehicles. Small, inexpensive systems capable of being upgraded should be available for new users and those in developing countries. Satellite systems should be designed to serve both industrialized and developing countries. Systems should facilitate educatio
17、n of operators and technicians. STD-ITU-R RECMN M-LO91-1-ENGL 1998 = Li8552L2 0535157 2bT Rec. ITU-R M.1041-1 3 4 Frequency band considerations 4.1 Spectrum requirements Worldwide common frequency bands to facilitate international working, international roaming and commonality of equipment. 4.2 Spectrum utilization Frequency bands should be chosen for operations to carry out the desired communication with minimum power, maximum frequency reuse and sharing, minimum interference to other services, and spectrum efficiency. More consideration should be given to using bands above 3 GHz.
