1、ST3-ITU-R RECMN M-337-ENGL 1791 m Li855232 0535373 4Tl Rec. ITU-R M.1390 13 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M. 1390 METHODOLOGY FOR THE CALCULATION OF IMT-2000 TERRESTRIAL SPECTRUM REQUIREMENTS (1 999) Introduction IMT-2000 are third generation mobile systems which are scheduled to start service around the yea
2、r 2000 subject to market considerations. They will provide access, by means of one or more radio links, to a wide range of telecommunication services supported by the fixed telecommunication networks (e.g. public-switched telephone network (PSTN)/integrated services digital network (ISDN), and to ot
3、her services which are specific to mobile users. A range of mobile terminal types is encompassed, linking to terrestrial and/or satellite-based networks, and the terminals may be designed for mobile or fixed use. Key features of IMT-2000 are: - - - high quality; - - IMT-2000 are defined by a set of
4、interdependent ITU Recommendations of which this one is a member. Spectrum requirements for the terrestrial component of IMT-2000 were estimated in Report ITU-R M.1153 prior to WARC-92. Speech services were considered to be the major source of traffic at the time. As technological advancements provi
5、de additional capabilities in telecommunications users will demand more from wireless services. Future wireless services must support, not only speech but also a rich range of new services that will serve a wide range of applications. Services such as multimedia, Internet access, imaging and video c
6、onferencing will be needed in third generation wireless systems. In response to these new applications, IMT-2000 will support high rate data services. The provision of new services described in Recommendation ITU-R M.8 16 (Framework for services supported by IMT-2000) has an impact on the spectrum r
7、equirements for IMT-2000 systems. There is a need to develop a new methodology for determination of spectrum requirements that can accommodate not only the new services of IMT-2000 but also the new radio transmission technologies being developed. high degree of commonality of design worldwide; compa
8、tibility of services within IMT-2000 and with the fixed networks; use of a small pocket-terminal with worldwide roaming capability; capability for multimedia applications and a wide range of services. Scope This Recommendation contains a methodology for the calculation of terrestrial spectrum requir
9、ement estimates for IMT-2000. This methodology could also be used for other public land mobile radio systems. It provides a systematic approach that incorporates geographic influences, market and traffic impacts, technical and system aspects and consolidation of spectrum requirement COPYRIGHT Intern
10、ational Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Services STD=ITU-R RECMN M.1390-ENGL It777 4855212 0535372 338 14 Rec. ITU-R M.1390 results. The methodology is applicable to both circuit switched and packet switch-based radio transmission technologies and can
11、 accommodate services that are characterized by asymmetrical traffic flows? The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering that the Radio Regulations (RR) identify the bands 1 885 - 2 025 MHz and 2 110 - a) 2 200 MHz as intended for use on a worldwide basis by administrations wishing to implement
12、IMT-2000, as indicated in RR S5.388, and Resolution 212 (Rev.WRC-97); b) that the initial implementations of IMT-2OOO are expected to commence around the year 2000 subject to market considerations; c) that the bands identified in considering a) are used differently in various countries; d) that the
13、traffic and service mix carried by IMT-2000 systems may vary from country to country, and also within countries. In some parts of the world additional spectrum may be required, whilst in other parts of the world frequency bands identified by considering a) could be adequate to meet IMT-2000 services
14、 present and future demands; e the need to support the operation of IMT-2000 terminals in different regulatory environments; f) that the various radio access technologies that may be appropriate for IMT-2000 may have different channel bandwidth requirements, and hence varying impact on the basic fre
15、quency usage possibilities; g) that traffic handled by mobile systems as well as the number and diversity of services will continue to grow; h) that future systems may include the use of a range of cell types from indoor cells to satellite cells, which must be able to Co-exist in a given location; j
16、) that IMT-2000 will offer higher data rate services than earlier systems in order to meet increasing customer demands, and this could create a demand for additional spectrum beyond that earlier estimated; k) that efficiency of spectrum use requires consideration of the balances between IMT-2000 sys
17、tem costs and bandwidth needed; 1) that the methodology in Annex 1 is considered flexible enough to accommodate either a global view or the unique requirements of regional markets relative to terrestrial spectrum needs, recommends 1 that the methodology for the calculation of terrestrial IMT-2000 sp
18、ectrum requirement estimates as specified in Annex 1 should be used by administrations as the basis for performing calculations involving estimates of future IMT-2000 terrestrial spectrum needs; 2 spectrum estimates for other public land mobile radio systems, and its use is highly encouraged. that t
19、he methodology in Annex 1 could also be considered for the calculation of terrestrial An example of the application of the methodology is provided in Appendix 1. COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Services STD*ITU-R RECMN H.1390-E
20、NGL 1999 9855212 0535373 27Li Rec. ITU-R M.1390 15 ANNEX 1 IMT-2000 terrestrial spectrum requirement methodology 1 Terrestrial methodology overview A methodology for development of a terrestrial spectrum requirement is presented below. This methodology enables the calculation of spectrum estimates t
21、o support mobile communication services of today and the future. The equation for this estimate is provided in equation 1. This methodology is consistent with the global IMT-2000 vision and is also consistent with the services as presented in Recommendation ITU-R M.8 16: “Framework for services supp
22、orted by IMT-2000“. The methodology is flexible enough to accommodate either a global view of spectrum needed or the unique requirements of regional markets. The basic theme of this methodology is to determine the individual spectrum requirements for all representative combinations of specific envir
23、onments and services (Fes) in a given geographical area, and to combine the set of individual spectrum requirements Fe, together into a total terrestrial component spectrum requirement estimate, FTenestnd by employing appropriate weighting factors (a,-s) to the summation. The factor (ses) takes into
24、 account the impact of concurrent services in a given geographical area. An additional adjustment factor () is available to apply to the composite summation to accommodate impacts such as multiple operators, spectrum sharing, and the like. The estimation of a spectrum requirement for many years into
25、 the future is not an exact calculation. In particular, the methodology provided in this document is not intended to include the second or third order effects, but rather the calculations capture the significant first order influences which are the primary factors for terrestrial spectrum needed. Th
26、e spectrum required (FTemstnd) in MHz is: where “e“ and Is are subscripts denoting dependency on environments and services respectively. Therefore, Ftnd is the total required spectrum as a weighted summation of Co-existing individual Fes in the same geographical area for all environments “e“ and ser
27、vices “s“ considered relevant, adjusted for influences such as spectrum sharing, multiple operators, where: FTeneshd = Terrestrial Component Spectrum Requirement Units: MHz Tes = Traffic/Celle, Units: Mbit/s/cell. Se, = System capability Units: Mbit/s/MHz/cell G, = Weighting factor Units: dimensionl
28、ess Units: dimensionless = Adjustment factor Equation 1 addresses both circuit and packet-switched services and includes consideration for traffic asymmetry in the uplink and downlink directions. Each of the factors of equation 1 will be defined further in the following subsections. The calculations
29、, parameters, and definition of inputs within the methodology are divided into four categories and serve to group similar aspects of the methodology into sub-units: A geographic considerations, COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling S
30、ervices - - - STD-ITU-R RECMN fl-1370-ENGL 1779 4855232 0535374 LOO 16 Rec. ITU-R M.1390 Mobiliy Densiy Dense Urban (CBD) Urban Suburban Rural B market and traffic considerations, C technical and system consideration, D spectrum results considerations. An example is included in Appendix 1 that shows
31、 how the methodology is applied. This example is based on a representative subset of environments and services. The example is calculated with parameter values estimated from market research on public land mobile communications services, including IMT-2000, and with technical parameter values estima
32、ted from IMT-2000 radio transmission technologies, for the year 2010. The results shown in this example should not be considered as providing an answer to the question of future spectrum requirements for public land mobile communications services, including IMT-2000, as all environments and services
33、 that must be considered for completeness have not been included in the example. Nonetheless, the example includes all environments and services required to sufficiently exercise all aspects of the methodology. In-building Pedestrian Vehicular 2 Methodology flowchart The following material presents
34、the methodology in “flowchart“ format with a sequential listing of the steps divided among the four sub-categories. Subsequent sections of this document provide detailed information and description of the terms, parameters, calculations performed4. A Geographic con sidera tions Al Select “e“ “e“ - e
35、nvironment type: selects density and mobility. These environments are defined by a combination of a density attribute and a mobility attribute considered jointly, and are shown in the following matrix: A2 Select direction of calculation Uplink (from the mobile station to the base station) or downlin
36、k (from the base station to the mobile station). The mathematical convention of describing a complex function as a function name and a list of input parameters is used in several places in this document. It is demonstrated as follows: Function parameterl, parameter2, . . ., parameterN) COPYRIGHT Int
37、ernational Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesA3 Establish representative cell area and geometry Units: metres Diameter if circular omnidirectional cell geometry; radius of vertex if sectored hexagonal cell geometry. A4 Calculate Cell-Area A, Cel
38、lAreh. Units: km2 B Market and traffic considerations B1 Select “s” s - service type: selects service type and hence Net-User-Bit-Rate, (kbitls) B2 Establish Population-Density, Units: potential users/km2 B3 Establish penetration-rate, Units: Y B4 Calculate users/cell, Units: users Users/Cell, = Pop
39、ulation-Density,*Penetration-Rate,*CellAre. B5 Establish traffic parameters Busy-Hour-CallAttempts, Effective-Call-Duration, Ac tivi tyFactor, Units: calls in busy hour Units: seconds Units: dimensionless B6 Calculate Traffic/User, Units: call-seconds Trafficmser, = BusyHourCallAttempts,*CallDuratio
40、n,” ActivityFactor,. (NOTE - May be expressed as Erlangs, where an Erlang = call-seconds/3 600.) B7 Calculate Offered-Traffc/Cell, Units: call-seconds/cell Offered-Traffic/Cell, = Traffic/User,*Users/Cell,. (NOTE - May be expressed as Erlangs, where an Erlang = call-seconds/3 600.) B8 Establish Qual
41、ity-of-Service-Function, Parameters Units: varied Group-Size,; Blocking Criteria, Formula and Grade of Service for circuit switched; Formula and Delay for packet switched. C Technical and system considerations C1 Calculate number of Service-Channels/Cell, required to carry OfferedTraffic/Cell, Units
42、: none COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesServiceChannels/Cell, = (Quali tyof-ServiceFunc tion, Offered-Traffic/Cell,*Group-Size,; Blocking Criteria,)/GroupSizee, C2 Determine Service-Channel-BiteRatee, needed to carry Net
43、-User-Bit-Rate, Units: kbit/s C3 Calculate Trafficw Units: Mbit/s/cell Te, = Service_Channels/Cell,* Servicechannel-Bit-Rate,. (Note conversion to Mbith from kbiils.) C4 Determine Net-SystemCapability, Parameters Units: varied System Spectral Efficiency; Coding Factor; Overhead Factor; Deployment Mo
44、del; and other factors. C5 Calculate Net-System-Capabilityy, Units: Mbit/s/MHz/cell Se, = Function of Spectral Efficiency; Coding Factor; Overhead Factor; Deployment Model, and other factors. D Spectrum results considerations D1 Calculate individual Fes Component (Answer will be for direction of cal
45、culation chosen either uplink or downlink.) Fes = Tes/Ses (either uplink or downlink) Units: MHz D2 Repeat process for calculation of other direction (either downlink or uplink as appropriate) Repeat steps A2 through D1. D3 Fes = (Fes uplink + Fe, downlink) Calculate F, for the Service “s“ Combining
46、 uplink and downlink components Units: MHz D4 Repeat process (steps Al through D3) for All Desired “e“, “s“ D5 Determine weighting factor applicable to each individual Fes: CXes Units: None D6 Determine Adjustment Factor(s): Units: None D7 Calculate Final Total Ftnd Spectrum Value Units: MHz FTerres
47、trial= C.Gs Fes. COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ITU-R RECMN M-1370-ENGL 1799 4855212 0535377 71T 19 Rec. ITU-R M.1390 3 Detailed description of the methodology A Geographic considerations Al Environment The initial
48、 point for consideration of terrestrial spectrum requirements is to determine the characteristics of the cells which the system will use. The system will operate in a variety of scenarios, encompassing various combinations of density and mobility. A table of possible environments is given below, alt
49、hough no indication has been given of which specific environments should be considered. It is thought that the matrix below is flexible enough to cover most situations encountered in deployment of a public land mobile radio system. The variable subscript “e“ represents the environment for which the calculation is performed, and the environment is defined by a combination of a density attribute and a mobility attribute considered jointly, and are show in the following matrix: I Mobility I In-building I Ped
