1、 Recommendation ITU-R SM.1757(05/2006)Impact of devices using ultra-wideband technology on systems operating within radiocommunication servicesSM SeriesSpectrum managementii Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and econ
2、omical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by
3、 World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be us
4、ed for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Se
5、ries of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodete
6、rmination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Sa
7、tellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2009 ITU 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this pub
8、lication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SM.1757 Impact of devices using ultra-wideband technology on systems operating within radiocommunication services*,*(2006) Scope This Recommendation is offering a summary
9、 of studies related to the impact of devices using UWB technology on radiocommunication services. These may be used as guidance for administrations when developing their national ultra-wideband (UWB) rules. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that intentional transmissions from devic
10、es using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology may extend over a very large frequency range; b) that devices using UWB technology are being developed with transmissions that span numerous radiocommunication service allocations; c) that devices using UWB technology may therefore impact, simultaneously, man
11、y systems operating within a number of radiocommunication services, including those which are used internationally; d) that UWB technology may be integrated into many wireless applications such as short-range indoor and outdoor communications, radar imaging, medical imaging, asset tracking, surveill
12、ance, vehicular radar and intelligent transportation; e) that it may be difficult to distinguish UWB transmissions from emissions or radiations in equipment that also contains other technologies, where different limits may apply; f) that applications using UWB technology may benefit sectors such as
13、public protection, construction, engineering, science, medical, consumer applications, information technology, multimedia entertainment and transportation; g) that applications using UWB technology that are not presently recognized as operating under allocations to radiocommunication services would
14、operate on a non-protected, non-interference basis; h) that the impact of a specific UWB application on a radiocommunication service will vary according to the characteristics and protection requirements of that service and the characteristics of the specific type of UWB application; j) that there i
15、s a need to assess the impact from single and multiple transmitters using UWB technology on radiocommunication services; * The Syrian Arab Republic reserves its position on this possible ITU-R Recommendation in regard to the protection of radiocommunication services (primary/secondary). *Radiocommun
16、ication Study Group 1 made editorial amendments to this Recommendation in 2009, in accordance with Resolution ITU-R 1-5. 2 Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 k) that characteristics of devices using UWB technology, victim system characteristics, protection requirements of potential victim systems, analysis methodol
17、ogies, and propagation models are required for studies with regard to the impact of devices using UWB technology on radiocommunication services; l) that, according to the mutual deployment conditions of both radiocommunication systems and devices using UWB technology, different methodologies for the
18、 evaluation of the potential interference level are appropriate; m) that appropriate methodologies may include deterministic single-entry and/or aggregate analyses, as well as statistical or forecast analysis for some of the parameters relevant to the study; n) that there is a need to use common tec
19、hnical assumptions in interference analysis from devices using UWB technology into systems operating within radiocommunication services, recognizing a) No. 4.10 of the Radio Regulations (RR), noting a) that key technical and operational characteristics of devices using UWB technology for the purpose
20、s of undertaking technical studies are contained in Recommendation ITU-R SM.1755; b) that a framework for the introduction of devices using UWB technology is contained in Recommendation ITU-R SM.1756; c) that there is a need to apportion the maximum allowable interference for a given radiocommunicat
21、ion service between devices using UWB technology and other radiocommunication services where this apportionment is not determined; d) that the characteristics and protection criteria of the various radiocommunication services are defined by the relevant ITU-R study groups and associated Recommendati
22、ons; e) that detailed interference studies relevant to the impact of devices using UWB technology on radiocommunication services are documented in Report ITU-R SM.2057, which also contains information on victim system characteristics, protection criteria and propagation models; f) that the studies d
23、ocumented in Report ITU-R SM.2057 are based on UWB applications for radiocommunications below 10.6 GHz and vehicular radar around 24 GHz and 79 GHz; g) that Report ITU-R SM.2028 contains a description of the Monte Carlo simulation methodology, and that ITU-R has a publicly available Spectrum Enginee
24、ring and Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT1), recommends 1 that administrations may consider the results of studies as summarized in Annex 1 in order to assess the impact of devices using UWB technology on allocated radiocommunication services when developing their national UWB regulations; 2 that,
25、 as described in Annex 2, deterministic methodologies should be used for analyses involving specific device(s) using UWB technology and statistical methodologies should be used 1SEAMCAT was developed by the group of Special Committee on Data Transmission (CEPT) Administrations, European Telecommunic
26、ations Standards Institute (ETSI) members and international scientific bodies. SEAMCAT is publicly available on the ITU website at: http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg1/index.asp. Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 3 for analyses involving interference probability for an aggregation or density of devices, exce
27、pt where safety services are involved; 3 that the impact of devices using UWB technology on safety services should be determined on a case-by-case basis in the form of an analysis demonstrating that the specified level of integrity, continuity and availability is still maintained under all operation
28、al conditions; 4 that the following Notes will be considered as part of this Recommendation: NOTE 1 Administrations authorizing or licensing devices using UWB technology should ensure, pursuant to the provisions of the RR, that these devices, will not cause interference to and will not claim protect
29、ion from, or place constraints, on the radiocommunication services of other administrations as defined in the RR and operating in accordance with those Regulations. NOTE 2 Upon receipt of a notice of interference to the radiocommunication services referred to in Note 1 above from devices using UWB t
30、echnology, administrations should take immediate action(s) to eliminate such interference. Annex 1 Summary of studies related to the impact of devices using ultra-wideband technology on radiocommunication services The ITU-R Report ITU-R SM.2057 on impact of devices using UWB technology on systems op
31、erating within radiocommunication services contains detailed interference studies and measurement tests as well as studies on mitigation techniques considered within the ITU-R. These summaries are provided in this Annex as guidance for administrations when developing national UWB rules. The assumpti
32、ons and measurement conditions fundamentally affect the results of studies. It is noted that administrations may wish to make their own analysis on mitigation factors and parameter sets that best fit to their country-specific situations when defining national regulations. Some administrations have a
33、dopted or are in the process of adopting national regulations including technical and operational restrictions that may have been derived using different parameters and/or methodologies, taking into account, in particular, specific national deployment scenarios and technical characteristics, as well
34、 as other considerations. Examples of such regulations can be found in the Appendix to this Annex. 1.1 Summary of analytical studies 1.1.1 Summary tables of analytical studies relevant to the impact of devices using UWB technology on systems operating within radiocommunication services The following
35、 Tables are provided as guidance for administrations when developing national UWB rules. It should be noted that in the time available not all frequency bands could be studied. In the Tables presented below, the column “UWB e.i.r.p. density (dBm/MHz)” refers to the maximum average e.i.r.p. density l
36、imit for a single device using UWB technology. These e.i.r.p. density limits are derived for the given methodology, I/N protection criteria, activity factor, victim system characteristics, UWB characteristics, interference and deployment scenarios, and other 4 Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 assumptions. Details
37、 of relevant studies are given in the part of Report ITU-R SM.2057 listed in column 1. In the studies in the Report ITU-R SM.2057, results and ranges were expressed in terms of minimum separation distance, I/N protection criteria, C/I, BER, etc.). These results are influenced by the methodology of i
38、nterference analysis, propagation model, indoor/outdoor deployment, density of devices using UWB technology, UWB activity factor, distribution of UWB emitters, assumptions about wall/roof attenuation, antenna cable loss, difference between interferer(s) and victim receiver bandwidth, UWB pulse repet
39、ition frequency (PRF), dithered/non-dithered UWB signal, UWB e.i.r.p. density, and range of input parameters (receive antenna gain, azimuth and elevation angle, antenna height). Users of these results should note that they were based on the methodologies, interference scenarios, assumptions, and par
40、ameters listed. In particular, it should be noted that most studies assumed that emissions from devices using UWB technology behave like additive white gaussian noise (AWGN), which is recognized to offer a worst-case approximation of UWB behaviour with respect to victim radiocommunication services.
41、In most cases, no account was made for bandwidth differences between the device(s) using UWB technology and the victim receiver, pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of the UWB signal, and whether the UWB signal is dithered or non-dithered. Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 5 1.1.1.1 Impact of UWB on the mobile, radio
42、determination, amateur and related services 1.1.1.1.1 Land mobile services except IMT-2000 Part of Report (Attachment) Service/ applications Frequency bands (MHz) Victim station characteristics Protection criteria used in study Interference scenario UWB e.i.r.p. density (dBm/MHz) or separation dista
43、nce Comments A1.1.2 Land mobile services except IMT-2000 (GSM 900 downlink) 925-960 880-915 GSM handset Bandwidth (BW) = 200 kHz Noise floor = 120 dBm Sensitivity = 90 dBm Omnidirectional antenna (0 dBi) SINR = 9 dB Aggregate interference with victim surrounded by UWB interferer Rmin= 1 m 75 Mass de
44、ployment of UWB devices does not cause disruption to the GSM 900 systems under these conditions. Results are for 950 000 active device/km2(outdoor) or 1 500 000 active devices/km2(indoor) (Note 1) A1.1.1.2 Land mobile services except IMT-2000 (IS-95 CDMA) 1 930-1 990 1 850-1 910 1 840-1 870 1 750-1
45、780 Frequency 1 900 MHz Receiver (Rx) BW = 1.23 MHz NF = 8 dB Rx antenna gain = 0 dBi Rx cable loss = 2 dB I/N = 6 dB Single interferer 1 m separation Free-space path loss Link budget analysis 73 Test results satisfy frame-error-rate (FER) below 0.5% at desired signal level 100 dBm/1.23 MHz (Note 2)
46、 A1.1.1.1 Land mobile services except IMT-2000 (IS-95 CDMA) 1 930-1 990 1 850-1 910 Rx BW = 1.23 MHz NF = 8 dB Handset cable loss = 0 dB Rx noise = 105 dBm 1.5% blocking probability Aggregate. 1 in 10 devices have UWB at 1 m Propagation= 1/r3.573 (Note 1, Note 2) A1.1.5 Land mobile services except I
47、MT-2000 (IS-95 CDMA) 869-894 824-849 Rx BW = 1.23 MHz Commercial terminals I/N = 6 Single impulse interferer with centre frequency = 4.7 GHz, BW = 3.5 GHz and PRF = 9.6 MHz Free-space path-loss 1m separation 80 Test results satisfy frame-error-rate (FER) below 0.5% at desired signal level 104 dBm/1.
48、23 MHz (Note 2) 6 Rec. ITU-R SM.1757 Part of Report (Attachment) Service/ applications Frequency bands (MHz) Victim station characteristics Protection criteria used in study Interference scenario UWB e.i.r.p. density (dBm/MHz) or separation distance Comments A1.1.5 Land mobile services except IMT-20
49、00 (IS-95 CDMA) 869-894 824-849 0.4 dB degradation, I/N = 10 dB Single interferer, 36 cm separation 92.7 Based on CDMA2000 1x frequency scaling (Note 2) Land mobile services except IMT-2000 (IS-95 CDMA) 1 930-1 990 / 1 850-1 910 0.4 dB degradation, I/N = 10 dB Single interferer, 36 cm separation 85.8 Based on CDMA2000 1x frequency scaling (Note 2) A1.1.4 Land mobile services except IMT-2000 (WiBro OFDM) 2 300-2 400 Rx BW = 9 MHz NF = 7 dB Receiver antenna gain = 0 dBi 1 dB degradation, I/N = 6 dB Single interferer, 36 cm separation Indoor path loss Link budget analys
