1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T P.10/G.100 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (11/2017) SERIES P: TELEPHONE TRANSMISSION QUALITY, TELEPHONE INSTALLATIONS, LOCAL LINE NETWORKS Vocabulary and effects of transmission parameters on customer opini
2、on of transmission quality SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS International telephone connections and circuits Transmission planning and the E-model Vocabulary for performance, quality of service and quality of experience Recommendation ITU-T P.10/G.100 ITU-T P-SE
3、RIES RECOMMENDATIONS TELEPHONE TRANSMISSION QUALITY, TELEPHONE INSTALLATIONS, LOCAL LINE NETWORKS Vocabulary and effects of transmission parameters on customer opinion of transmission quality Series P.10 Voice terminal characteristics Series P.30 P.300 Reference systems Series P.40 Objective measuri
4、ng apparatus Series P.50 P.500 Objective electro-acoustical measurements Series P.60 Measurements related to speech loudness Series P.70 Methods for objective and subjective assessment of speech quality Series P.80 Methods for objective and subjective assessment of speech and video quality Series P.
5、800 Audiovisual quality in multimedia services Series P.900 Transmission performance and QoS aspects of IP end-points Series P.1000 Communications involving vehicles Series P.1100 Models and tools for quality assessment of streamed media Series P.1200 Telemeeting assessment Series P.1300 Statistical
6、 analysis, evaluation and reporting guidelines of quality measurements Series P.1400 Methods for objective and subjective assessment of quality of services other than speech and video Series P.1500 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017
7、) i Recommendation ITU-T P.10/G.100 Vocabulary for performance, quality of service and quality of experience Summary Recommendation ITU-T P.10/G.100 contains terms and definitions associated with network performance, quality of service and quality of experience. History Edition Recommendation Approv
8、al Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T P.10 1980-11-21 11.1002/1000/7976 2.0 ITU-T P.10 1984-10-19 11.1002/1000/5883 3.0 ITU-T P.10 1988-11-25 11.1002/1000/1715 4.0 ITU-T P.10 1993-03-12 XII 11.1002/1000/1716 5.0 ITU-T P.10 1998-12-03 12 11.1002/1000/4535 5.1 ITU-T P.10 (1998) Amd. 1 2003-11-13 12 11.1
9、002/1000/7039 6.0 ITU-T P.10/G.100 2006-07-14 12 11.1002/1000/8857 6.1 ITU-T P.10/G.100 (2006) Amd. 1 2007-01-25 12 11.1002/1000/9068 6.2 ITU-T P.10/G.100 (2006) Amd. 2 2008-07-14 12 11.1002/1000/9542 6.3 ITU-T P.10/G.100 (2006) Amd. 3 2011-12-14 12 11.1002/1000/11456 6.4 ITU-T P.10/G.100 (2006) Amd
10、. 4 2015-06-29 12 11.1002/1000/12513 6.5 ITU-T P.10/G.100 (2006) Amd. 5 2016-07-29 12 11.1002/1000/12969 7.0 ITU-T P.10/G.100 2017-11-13 12 11.1002/1000/13408 Keywords Definitions, quality of experience, quality of service, terms. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in
11、 the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommuni
12、cations, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunica
13、tions on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure
14、 laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommu
15、nication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these
16、mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU dra
17、ws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members o
18、r others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not rep
19、resent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100
20、(11/2017) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 1 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 1 5 Conventions 3 6 Terms and definitions . 3 Bibliography. 40 Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017) 1 Recommendation IT
21、U-T P.10/G.100 Vocabulary for performance, quality of service and quality of experience 1 Scope This Recommendation contains terms and definitions associated with network performance, quality of service and quality of experience. 2 References None. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere None. 3.2
22、 Terms defined in this Recommendation The terms defined by this Recommendation are contained in clause 6. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: ACR Absolute Category Rating ARL Acoustic Reference Level ASR Automatic Speech Recognition CCR Com
23、parison Category Rating CIF Common Intermediate Format CMOS Comparison Mean Opinion Score CLR Circuit Loudness Rating CQE Communication Quality Estimated CQO Communication Quality Objective CQS Communication Quality Subjective CSS Composite Source Signal DCME Digital Circuit Multiplication Equipment
24、 DCR Degradation Category Rating DL Round-Trip Delay DMOS Degradation Mean Opinion Score DMS Digital Mobile System DRP Eardrum Reference Point DRS Digital Reference Sequence ECRP Ear Cap Reference Point 2 Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017) EEP Ear Canal Entrance Point ERP Ear Reference Point HATS Head
25、and Torso Simulator HFRP Hands-Free Reference Point HRX Hypothetical Reference Connection Ie Equipment Impairment Factor INMD In-service Non-intrusive Measurement Device LE Earphone Coupling Loss LECHO Echo Loss LELR Listener Echo Loudness Rating LQE Listening-only Quality Estimated LQS Listening-on
26、ly quality subjective LR Loudness Rating LRP Level Reference Point LS Local System LSTR Listener Sidetone Rating MNRU Modulated Noise Reference Unit MOS Mean Opinion Score MPEG Moving Picture Expert Group MRP Mouth Reference Point MTF Modulation Transfer Function NCP Network Connection Point OLL Ope
27、n-Loop Loss OLR Overall Loudness Rating PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange PBN Private Branch Network PBX Private Branch Exchange PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network QDU Quantizing Distortion Unit QoE Quality of Experience QoS Quality of Service RLR Receive Loudness Rating RML Ratio Medium/Lo
28、w SI Spatial Perceptual Information SIF Source input format SLR Send Loudness Rating SM Singing Margin Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017) 3 STI Speech Transmission Index STMR Sidetone Masking Rating TBRL Test Balance Return Loss TCL Terminal Coupling Loss TCLw Weighted Terminal Coupling Loss TELR Talke
29、r Echo Loudness Rating TT Transmission Time TTT Total Transmission Time TI Temporal Perceptual Information TTS Text-to-Speech Synthesis TRP Transmission Reference Point XRLR Crosstalk Receive Loudness Rating VTC/VT Video Teleconferencing/Video Telephony Service VICP Virtual International Connecting
30、Point VPN Virtual Private Network 5 Conventions None. 6 Terms and definitions This Recommendation defines the following terms in alphabetic order: 6.1 3.1 kHz handset telephony A real-time two-way speech communication within the frequency range from approximately 300 to 3400 Hz using one or more tel
31、ecommunication networks with suitable terminal equipment connected to the network termination points, characterized by: presentation of an acoustical speech signal to the mouthpiece of a traditionally shaped handset: either analogue transport of the said speech signal under real-time conditions thro
32、ugh and by telecommunication networks: the said networks being intended for telephony applications between network termination points; or filtering of the said speech signal to the frequency range from approximately 300 to 3 400 Hz; transformation of the said speech signal either by waveform or by n
33、on-waveform (speech analysis) encoder; transport and processing of the said speech signal under real-time conditions through and by telecommunication networks: the said networks being intended for telephony applications between network termination points; back transformation (speech synthesis) of th
34、e said speech signal by the respective decoder; acoustical presentation of the said speech signal in the frequency range from approximately 300 to 3 400 Hz by the earpiece of a traditionally shaped handset. 4 Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017) 6.2 4-wire chain The 4-wire chain denotes the whole unbroke
35、n chain of 4-wire national and international circuits in a complete telephone connection, including possible 4-wire circuits between the primary centre and the local exchange and on the subscriber line, e.g., ISDN access and 4-wire or digitally connected PBXs. 6.3 absolute category rating (ACR) (see
36、 b-ITU-T P.800) “Test method in which subjects are asked to express classification opinions by using absolute quality scales (excellent, good, .) for their judgement.“ 6.4 acceptance scale (see b-ITU-T P.85) Opinion scale for measuring the overall quality of the message on a service point of view. A
37、cceptance requires a Yes/No answer. 6.5 acceptance test A contractual test to prove to the customer that the device meets certain conditions of its specification. 6.6 acoustic artificial voice Acoustic signal at the mouth reference point (MRP) of the artificial mouth. It complies with the same time
38、and spectral specifications as the electrical artificial voice. 6.7 acoustic coupler (in telephonometry) A cavity of defined shape and volume used for the testing of telephone earphones or telephone transmitters in conjunction with a calibrated microphone adapted to measure the pressure developed wi
39、thin the cavity. 6.8 acoustic hood A hood lined with sound-absorbing material to facilitate the use of a telephone station by reducing the ambient noise level. 6.9 acoustic reference level (ARL) (see b-ITU-T P.310, b-ITU-T P.311, b-ITU-T P.341 and b-ITU-T P.342) The acoustic level at MRP which resul
40、ts in a 10 dBm0 output at the digital interface. 6.10 acoustic shock suppressor (in telephony) A device associated with a telephone station and intended to prevent acoustic shocks, by setting an upper limit to the absolute values of the instantaneous electrical voltage that can be applied to the tel
41、ephone earphone. 6.11 Acoustic startle A psychological effect caused by acoustic stimulation that may cause disturbance to some users. 6.12 acoustical telephony gain (telephonic transfer function) (see b-ITU-T P.58) Ratio of the pressure at the ear reference point of a listener to the pressure at th
42、e mouth reference point of a talker connected by a telephone channel. 6.13 acoustically closed earphones (nominally sealed) (see b-ITU-T P.57) Earphones which are intended to prevent any acoustic coupling between the external environment and the ear canal. 6.14 acoustically open earphones (nominally
43、 unsealed) (see b-ITU-T P.57) Earphones which intentionally provide an acoustic path between the external environment and the ear canal. Rec. ITU-T P.10/G.100 (11/2017) 5 6.15 active speech level (see b-ITU-T P.56) A quantity, expressed in decibels relative to a stated reference, e.g., volts or pasc
44、als, formed by averaging the speech-signals power over the active time, according to b-ITU-T P.56, method B. 6.16 active testing Refers to the method in which data is acquired for the measurement, i.e., that the test makes use of a dedicated channel for the measurement, or by dialling a number and m
45、aking a call, or by setting-up a channel for the measurement, or by transmitting packets or frames whose purpose is dedicated to measurement. 6.17 active time Aggregate of all intervals of time when speech is deemed to be present according to the criterion adopted by ITU-T (see b-ITU-T P.56) for the
46、 purpose of measurement. 6.18 activity factor Ratio of the active time to total time elapsed during a measurement, usually expressed as a percentage. 6.19 advantage factor A scalar number (normally positive) representing the advantage of access that certain systems (e.g., mobile) have over wire boun
47、d handset telephony. Expressed in units of the transmission rating factor R. 6.20 analogue network A network in which the access interface and all network elements are considered analogue. 6.21 articulation index (Definition generally used in psychoacoustics) A measure of the intelligibility of voic
48、e signals, expressed as a percentage of speech units that are understood by the listener when heard out of context. The articulation index is based on partially empirical, partially theoretical principles to predict the speech intelligibility under known signal-to-noise conditions. 6.22 articulation
49、 scale (see b-ITU-T P.85) Opinion scale for measuring the impression of clarity felt by a listener. How distinguishable are the words composing the message? 6.23 artificial conversational speech (see b-ITU-T P.59) A signal which reproduces the on-off characteristics of human conversational speech, especially useful for characterizing speech processing systems which have speech detectors, such as speakerphones, echo control devices and digital circuit multiplication equipment (DCME). 6.24 artificial e
