1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T G.650.3TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (03/2008) SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS Transmission media and optical systems characteristics Optical fibre cables Test methods for installed single-mode opti
2、cal fibre cable links Recommendation ITU-T G.650.3 ITU-T G-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CONNECTIONS AND CIRCUITS G.100G.199 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS COMMON TO ALL ANALOGUE CARRIER-TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS G.200G.299 INDIVIDUAL
3、 CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE SYSTEMS ON METALLIC LINES G.300G.399 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE SYSTEMS ON RADIO-RELAY OR SATELLITE LINKS AND INTERCONNECTION WITH METALLIC LINES G.400G.449 COORDINATION OF RADIOTELEPHONY AND LINE TELEPHONY G.450G.49
4、9 TRANSMISSION MEDIA AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS CHARACTERISTICS G.600G.699 General G.600G.609 Symmetric cable pairs G.610G.619 Land coaxial cable pairs G.620G.629 Submarine cables G.630G.639 Free space optical systems G.640G.649 Optical fibre cables G.650G.659 Characteristics of optical components and subs
5、ystems G.660G.679 Characteristics of optical systems G.680G.699 DIGITAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENTS G.700G.799 DIGITAL NETWORKS G.800G.899 DIGITAL SECTIONS AND DIGITAL LINE SYSTEM G.900G.999 QUALITY OF SERVICE AND PERFORMANCE GENERIC AND USER-RELATED ASPECTS G.1000G.1999 TRANSMISSION MEDIA CHARACTERISTICS G
6、.6000G.6999 DATA OVER TRANSPORT GENERIC ASPECTS G.7000G.7999 PACKET OVER TRANSPORT ASPECTS G.8000G.8999ACCESS NETWORKS G.9000G.9999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) i Recommendation ITU-T G.650.3 Test methods for installed single-mo
7、de optical fibre cable links Summary Recommendation ITU-T G.650.3 outlines the tests normally carried out on installed single-mode optical fibre cable links. It includes a collection of references to the main measurement methods and gives an indication of which are most suitable for installed cable
8、links, depending on the required inspection level needed. Optical fibre cable links are comprised of multiple cable sections, splices and other connections. This term is more completely defined in this Recommendation. This Recommendation uses a tiered approach. The first level indicates measurements
9、 that are normally carried out to commission new optical fibre cable links. The second level indicates measurements that may be carried out to satisfy service level agreements (for example, when a dark fibre contract is signed) or to verify attributes of older links that may be used at higher bit ra
10、tes or over extended wavelength ranges. Source Recommendation ITU-T G.650.3 was approved on 29 March 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 15 (2005-2008) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure. Keywords Fibre characterization. ii Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union
11、(ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and
12、issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these
13、 topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expres
14、sion “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicabilit
15、y) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Reco
16、mmendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability o
17、f claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this
18、Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2008 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatso
19、ever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 2 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation. 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 3 5 Test methods. 3 5.1 Test methods for char
20、acteristics of optical fibre cable links following installation 3 5.2 Test methods for verification of service contracts or transmission at particular bit rates. 6 Appendix I OTDR trace analysis 8 I.1 OTDR trace example 8 I.2 OTDR event table example 10 I.3 OTDR bidirectional trace analysis . 10 App
21、endix II Optical path parameters specified in ITU-T Recommendations 12 Bibliography. 13 Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) 1 Recommendation ITU-T G.650.3 Test methods for installed single-mode optical fibre cable links 1 Scope This Recommendation contains test methods which are particularly suited to the
22、characterization of single-mode optical fibre cable links. The methods are not intended for application to links that contain optical network elements, amplifiers, dispersion compensators or passive splitters/combiners. Measurements associated with these devices, in combination with optical fibre ca
23、ble are defined elsewhere. These measurements of the cable links between such devices and the calculation methods for combining the results of concatenated cable links are also presented. This Recommendation uses a tiered approach. The first level indicates measurements that are normally carried out
24、 to commission new optical fibre cable links. The second level indicates measurements that may be carried out to satisfy service level agreements (for example, when a dark fibre contract is signed) or to verify attributes of older links that may be used at higher bit rates or over extended wavelengt
25、h ranges. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject
26、to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document with
27、in this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T G.650.1 Recommendation ITU-T G.650.1 (2004), Definitions and test methods for linear, deterministic attributes of single-mode fibre and cable. ITU-T G.650.2 Recommendation ITU-T G.650.2 (2007),
28、Definitions and test methods for statistical and non-linear related attributes of single-mode fibre and cable. ITU-T G.652 Recommendation ITU-T G.652 (2005), Characteristics of a single-mode optical fibre and cable. ITU-T G.653 Recommendation ITU-T G.653 (2006), Characteristics of a dispersion-shift
29、ed single-mode optical fibre and cable. ITU-T G.655 Recommendation ITU-T G.655 (2006), Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion-shifted single-mode optical fibre and cable. ITU-T G.671 Recommendation ITU-T G.671 (2005), Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems. ITU-T G.957 R
30、ecommendation ITU-T G.957 (2006), Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy. IEC 61280-4-2 IEC 61280-4-2 (1999), Fibre optic communication subsystem basic test procedures Part 4-2: Fibre optic cable plant Single-mode fibre optic cable plant attenuati
31、on. IEC 61280-4-4 IEC 61280-4-4 (2006), Fibre optic communication subsystem test procedures Part 4-4: Cable plants and links Polarization mode dispersion measurement 2 Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) for installed links. IEC 61281-1 IEC 61281-1 (1999), Fibre optic communication subsystems Part 1: Gener
32、ic specification. IEC/TR 61282-7 IEC/TR 61282-7 (2003), Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 7: Statistical calculation of chromatic dispersion. IEC/TR 61282-9 IEC/TR 61282-9 (2006), Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 9: Guidance on polarization mode dispersion measur
33、ements and theory. IEC/TR 61931 IEC/TR 61931 (1998), Fibre optic Terminology. IEC 61300-3-6 IEC 61300-3-6 (2003), Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements Return loss. IEC 61300-3-35 IEC/PAS 61300-3-35 (2
34、007), Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 3-35: Examinations and measurements Fibre optic cylindrical connector endface visual inspection. 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following term
35、s defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 differential group delay (DGD): ITU-T G.650.2 3.1.2 fibre optic cable plant (FOCP): IEC 61281-1 3.1.3 fusion splice: IEC/TR 61931 3.1.4 mechanical splice: IEC/TR 61931 3.1.5 optical connector: IEC 61281-1 3.1.6 optical device: IEC 61281-1 3.1.7 optical return loss (ORL): I
36、EC 61281-1 3.1.8 optical splice: IEC/TR 61931 3.1.9 polarization mode dispersion (PMD): ITU-T G.650.2 3.1.10 reflectance: ITU-T G.671 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 attenuation of an optical fibre cable link: The attenuation of an opti
37、cal fibre cable link is the summation of the attenuations of fibre cable sections, splices between cable sections and connections between, and at the end of, cable sections. The definition of attenuation is given in ITU-T G.650.1. Some examples of link attenuation measurement results are found in b-
38、ITU-T G-Sup.39. Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) 3 3.2.2 chromatic dispersion of an optical fibre cable link: The overall chromatic dispersion of an optical fibre cable link is the summation of the chromatic dispersions of the individual cables that comprise the link at the wavelengths of interest. See
39、b-ITU-T G-Sup.39 for more information on how the dispersion from different cable sections is summed together. 3.2.3 fibre characterization: A comprehensive suite of measurements that is carried out on an optical fibre cable link to determine the key performance attributes of that link which may affe
40、ct current or future applications that operate over that link. Fibre characterization also allows the quality of the optical fibre cable link to be assessed, including the identification of the type and grade of fibre installed. Full fibre characterization includes connector end face inspection, ins
41、ertion loss measurements, return loss measurements, OTDR testing, chromatic dispersion testing, polarization mode dispersion measurement, and spectral attenuation. 3.2.4 single-mode optical fibre cable link: A single-mode optical fibre cable link is a collection of passive fibre optic components tha
42、t together form a continuous optical fibre pathway between two end points. The end points will typically be patch panels or optical distribution frames where the fibres are terminated with connectors. The link will typically be comprised of many optical fibre cable sections, jointed end to end. A co
43、mplex link may contain additional connectors at intermediate patch panels and therefore be made up of two or more concatenated simple links. 3.2.5 uniformity of fibre link: The uniformity of a fibre link is defined as the longitudinal variation in the attenuation coefficient and/or chromatic dispers
44、ion coefficient along that link. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: CD Chromatic Dispersion CWDM Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing DGD Differential Group Delay DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing ffs for further study GINTY G
45、eneralized INTerferometrY JME Jones Matrix Eigenanalysis LSPM Light Source and Power Meter OCWR Optical Continuous-Wave Reflectometer OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometer PMD Polarization Mode Dispersion RMS Root Mean Square SLA Service Level Agreement TINTY Traditional INTerferometrY 5 Test metho
46、ds 5.1 Test methods for characteristics of optical fibre cable links following installation The purpose of testing an optical fibre cable link following installation is primarily concerned with proving that the components used (fibres, connectors, etc.) meet their specifications and that the install
47、ation has been carried out to a good standard of workmanship (for example, splice losses meet their specification and the cable link is free from damage). 4 Rec. ITU-T G.650.3 (03/2008) Primarily, it is the attenuation characteristics of the optical fibre cable link that are commonly tested as part
48、of commissioning a new installation as these are the characteristics which may be most affected by the installation process and the quality of installation workmanship. The criteria for newly installed optical fibre links are defined by the operating company. As an example, for attenuation, these cr
49、iteria may be not only on the overall link attenuation, but also on the individual cable sections and fibres, the individual splice and connector losses, and other uniformity characteristics. One approach of defining the overall attenuation limit is to consider the attenuation coefficient and length of the individual cable sections, the number of splices or connectors and their maximum allowed losses, and combine the values according to the formulas of Appendix I of ITU-T G.
