1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU J.112 Annex A (03200 1 ) SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS Interactive systems for digital television distribution Transmission systems for
2、interactive cable television services Annex A: Digital Video Broadcasting: DVB interaction channel for Cable TV (CATV) distribution systems ITU-T Recommendation J. 1 12 - Annex A INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU=T TE LEC0 M M U N I CATI ON STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU J.112 Annex A (03/200
3、 1 ) SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MU LTI M EDIA SIGNALS Interactive systems for digital television distribution Transmission systems for interactive cable television services Annex A: Digital Video Broadcasting: DVB interaction channel for Cable
4、TV (CATV) distribution systems ITU-T Recommendation J. 1 12 - Annex A ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS General Recommendations General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission Performance charac
5、teristics of analogue sound-programme circuits Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals Digital transmission of sound-programme signals Circuits for analogue television transmission Analogue television transmission over meta
6、llic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links Digital transmission of television signals Ancillary digital services for television transmission Operational requirements and methods for television transmission Interactive systems for digital television distribution Transport of MPEG-2 signals
7、 on packetised networks Measurement of the quality of service Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks IPCablecom Miscellaneous Application for Interactive Digital Television J. 1-J.9 J.lO-J.19 5.20-5.29 J.30-J.39 J.40-J.49 J.50-J.59 J.60-J.69 J.70-J.79 5.80-J.89 J.90-J.99 J
8、ll(M.129 J. 100-J. 109 J. 130-J. 139 J. 140-J. 149 J. 150-J. 159 J. 160-J. 179 J. 1 80-J. 199 J.200-J.209 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. ITU-T Recommendation 5.112 Transmission systems for interactive cable television services ANNEX A Digital Video Broadcast
9、ing: DVB interaction channel for Cable TV (CATV) distribution systems Summary This annex is the baseline specification for the provision of the interaction channel for CATV networks. It is not intended to speciS a return channel solution associated to each broadcast system because the interoperabili
10、ty of different delivery media to transport the return channel is desirable. The solutions provided in this annex are a part of a wider set of alternatives to implement interactive services for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) systems. Source Annex A to ITU-T Recommendation J.112 was prepared by ITU
11、T Study Group 9 (2001-2004) and approved under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 9 March 200 1. ITU-T Rec. J.l12/Annex A (03/2001) 1 FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Stand
12、ardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. IT-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), whi
13、ch meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within I
14、TU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU
15、draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU member
16、s or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not repr
17、esent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. O ITU 2002 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
18、in writing from ITU. 11 ITU-T Rec. J.l12/Annex A (03/2001) CONTENTS Annex A . Digital Video Broadcasting: DVB interaction channel for Cable TV (CATV) A . 1 A.2 A.3 A.4 A.5 A.6 A.7 A.8 . distribution systems Scope . References . Abbreviations Reference model for system architecture of narrow-band int
19、eraction channels in a A.4.1 Protocol stack model . A.4.2 System model broadcasting scenario (asymmetric interactive services) DVB interaction channel specification for CATV networks Lower physical layer specification A.5.4 Slot timing assignment A.5.5 MAC functionality . A.5.6 Mini-slots . A.5.7 He
20、ader suppression A.5.8 Security (optional) . AS . 1 AS . 2 A.5.3 Framing System concept Interactive Cable STB/Cable Data Modem Mid-Layer Protocol . A.6.1 Direct IP . A.6.2 Ethernet MAC bridging . A.6.3 PPP . (Informative Note A) MAC State transitions and time-outs . Initialization, Provisioning, Sig
21、n-on and Calibration A.7.1 A.7.2 Connection establishment A.7.3 Connection release . A.7.4 Reservation process . A.7.5 Resource request A.7.6 Recalibration A.7.7 Reprovision message . A.7.8 Transmission Control Message . A.7.9 Status Request Message . A.7.10 Idle Message MAC primitives (Informative)
22、 Control and Resource primitives . A.8.2 Data primitives A.8.1 A.8.3 Example MAC Control scenarios Page 1 1 1 2 4 4 5 7 7 10 25 42 52 130 132 139 153 153 154 155 156 157 160 161 161 164 166 166 166 167 167 168 169 178 181 . ITU-T Rec . J.l12/Annex A (03/2001) 111 ITU-T Recommendation 5.112 Transmiss
23、ion systems for interactive cable television services ANNEX A Digital Video Broadcasting: DVB interaction channel for Cable TV (CATV) distribution systems A.l Scope This annex is the baseline specification for the provision of the interaction channel for CATV networks. It is not intended to spec$ a
24、return channel solution associated to each broadcast system because the interoperability of different delivery media to transport the return channel is desirable. The solutions provided in this annex for interaction channel for CATV networks are a part of a wider set of alternatives to implement int
25、eractive services for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) systems. A.2 References The following Recommendations and other references contain provisions, which through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this annex: References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition
26、number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. A non-specific reference to an ETS shall also be taken to refer to later versions published as an EN with the same number. ITU-T 1.361
27、 (1999), B-ISDNATMlayer specification. ITU-T 1.363 (1993), B-ISDN ATMAdaptation Layer (AAL) specification. ANSI X3.92- 198 1 , Data Encryption Algorithm. ANSI X3.106-1983, Modes of Operation for the Data Encryption Algorithm. IETF RFC 2 104, HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication. ETSI EN 30
28、1 192, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB speclJication for data broadcasting. ETSI EN 300 429, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for cable systems. IETF RFC 1483, Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5. IETF RFC 2 13 1 , Dynamic H
29、ost Configuration Protocol. IETF RFC 95 1, Bootstrap Protocol. IETF RFC 79 1 , Internet Protocol. ATM Forum AF-UNI-O0 10.002, ATM User-Network Interface SpeclJication V3. I. IETF RFC 2236, Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2. ITU-T Rec. J.l12/Annex A (03/2001) 1 ETSI TR 100 815, Digital Vi
30、deo Broadcasting (DVB); Guidelines for the handling of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) signals in DVB systems. ISOIIEC 8802-3 : 1996, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specfic requirements - Part 3: Carrier
31、sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specijkations. ITU-T 1.432.X (1 996), B-ISDN user-network interface - Physical layer speclJcation. ETSI TR 101 196, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Cable TV distribution systems (CATV)
32、 Guidelines for the use of ETS 300 800. ETSI EN 301 199, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Local Multi- point Distribution Systems (LMDS). EN 50083-2 (BS), Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals -Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment. ITU-
33、T H.222.0 (2000) I ISO/IEC 13 8 18- 1 :2000, Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems. ETSI EN 300 468, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specijkation for Service Information (Sr) in DVB systems. IETF RFC 2364, PPP Over AALS. IETF RFC 1332,
34、 The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP). ETSI ETS 300 800, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Cable TV distribution systems (CATV). Abbreviations This annex uses the following abbreviations: ATM BC BIM BRA CATV CBC CM Connection Id CRC DAVIC DCE DES D-H DL DTE DTMF
35、Asynchronous Transfer Mode Broadcast Channel Broadcast Interface Module Basic Rate Access Cable Television Cipher Block Chaining Cable Modem Connection Identifier Cyclic Redundancy Check Digital Audiovisual Council Data Communication Equipment Data Encryption Standard Diffie-Hellman Data Link Data T
36、ermination Equipment Dual-Tone Multifrequency (dialling mode) 2 ITU-T Rec. J.l12/Annex A (032001) DVB EKE FAS FIFO GSTN HEC HMAC IB IC IIM INA IQ IRD ISDN IV LFSR LSB MAC MKE MMDS MPEG MSB MTU NIU NSAP OH OOB os1 PID PM PRNG PSTN QAM QKE QOS QPSK Digital Video Broadcasting Explicit Key Exchange Fram
37、e Alignment Signal First In, First Out General Switched Telephone Network Header Error Control Hash-based Message Authentication Code In-Band Interaction Channel Interactive Interface Module Interactive Network Adapter In-phase and Quadrature Components Integrated Receiver Decoder Integrated Service
38、s Digital Network Initialization Vector Linear Feedback Shift Register Least Significant Bit Media Access Control Main Key Exchange Multi-channel Multi-point Distribution Systems Moving Picture Experts Group Most Signicant Bit Maximum Transmission Unit Network Interface Unit Network Service Access P
39、oint OverHead Out-of-Band Open Systems Interconnection Packet Identifier, defined by ISO/IEC 138 18 (MPEG-2) Pulse Modulation Pseudo-Random Number Generator Public Switched Telephone Network Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Quick Key Exchange Quality of Service Quaternary Phase Shift Keying Reservati
40、on Id Reservation Identifier ITU-T Rec. J.l12/Annex A (03/2001) 3 SHA- 1 SL-ESF Signalling Link Extended SuperFrame SMATV Satellite Master Antenna Television STB Set-Top Box STU Set-Top Unit TDMA Time-Division Multiplex Access TS Transport Stream VCI VPI Secure Hash Algorithm 1 ATM Virtual Channel I
41、dentification, defined by ITU-T 1.363 2 ATM Virtual Path Identification, defined by ITU-T 1.363 2 A.4 Reference model for system architecture of narrow-band interaction channels in a broadcasting scenario (asymmetric interactive services) A.4.1 Protocol stack model For asymmetric interactive service
42、s supporting broadcast to the home with narrow-band return channel, a simple communications model consists of the following layers: - - physical layer: where all the physical (electrical) transmission parameters are defined; transport layer: defines all the relevant data structures and communication
43、 protocols like data containers, etc; application layer: interactive application software and run-time environments (e.g. home shopping application, script interpreter, etc.). A simplified model of the OS1 layers was adopted to facilitate the production of specifications for these nodes. Figure A. 1
44、 points out the lower layers of the simplified model and identifies some of the key parameters for the lower two layers. Following the user requirements for interactive services, no attempt will be made to consider higher layers in the present annex. - layers I Access mechanism; Packet structure Mod
45、ulation; Channel coding; Freq. range; Filtering; Equalization; Power Network-Independent Protocols Network-Dependent Protocols Figure A.UJ.112 - Layer structure for generic system reference model This annex addresses the CATV network-specific aspects only. 4 ITU-T Rec. J.l12/Annex A (03/2001) A.4.2
46、System model Figure A.2 shows the system model which is to be used within DVB for interactive services. In the system model, two channels are established between the service provider and the user: - Broadcast Channel (BC): a unidirectional broadband broadcast channel including video, audio and data.
47、 BC is established from the service provider to the users. It may include the Forward Interaction path. Interaction Channel (IC): a bidirectional interaction channel is established between the service provider and the user for interaction purposes. It is formed by: Return Interaction path (return ch
48、annel): from the user to the service provider. It is used to make requests to the service provider or to answer questions. It is a narrowband channel. Also commonly known as return channel. Forward Interaction path: from the service provider to the user. It is used to provide some sort of informatio
49、n by the service provider to the user and any other required communication for the interactive service provision. It may be embedded into the broadcast channel. It is possible that this channel is not required in some simple implementations which make use of the broadcast channel for the carriage of data to the user. The user terminal is formed by the Network Interface Unit (NIU) (consisting of the Broadcast Interface Module (BIM) and the Interactive Interface Module (IIM) and the Set-Top Unit (STU). The user terminal provides interface for both broadcast and interaction channels. The
