1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T K.45 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (04/2015) SERIES K: PROTECTION AGAINST INTERFERENCE Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in the access and trunk networks to overvoltages and overcurren
2、ts Recommendation ITU-T K.45 Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) i Recommendation ITU-T K.45 Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in the access and trunk networks to overvoltages and overcurrents Summary Recommendation ITU-T K.45 specifies resistibility requirements and test procedures for t
3、elecommunication equipment installed between telecommunication centres and between a telecommunication centre and the customers premises. Overvoltages or overcurrents covered by this Recommendation include surges due to lightning on or near the line plant, short-term induction from adjacent a.c. pow
4、er lines or railway systems, earth potential rise due to power faults, direct contact between telecommunication lines and power lines and electrostatic discharges. Major changes compared with the 2013 version of this Recommendation include: adding test requirements for UTP Ethernet adding test requi
5、rements for STP Ethernet adding test requirements for PoE adding STP shield testing. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T K.45 2000-02-25 5 11.1002/1000/4908 2.0 ITU-T K.45 2003-07-29 5 11.1002/1000/6497 3.0 ITU-T K.45 2008-04-13 5 11.1002/1000/9404 4.0 ITU-T K.45
6、 2011-11-13 5 11.1002/1000/11423 5.0 ITU-T K.45 2015-04-22 5 11.1002/1000/12407 _ * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. I
7、TU-T K.45 (04/2015) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is
8、responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by
9、the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collab
10、orative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certai
11、n mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requireme
12、nts. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. IT
13、U takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual
14、property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2015 All rights rese
15、rved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 1 4 Ab
16、breviations and acronyms 1 5 Conventions 2 6 Tests 2 Bibliography. 22 Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) 1 Recommendation ITU-T K.45 Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in the access and trunk networks to overvoltages and overcurrents 1 Scope This Recommendation specifies resistibility req
17、uirements and test procedures for telecommunication equipment installed between telecommunication centres and between a telecommunication centre and the customers premises. Equipment which is attached to or installed within the customers premises is outside the scope of this Recommendation. ITU-T K.
18、44, covering basic test methods and test circuits, is an integral part of this Recommendation. It should be read in conjunction with ITU-T K.11 and ITU-T K.39 (technical and general economic aspects of protection). 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisi
19、ons which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibili
20、ty of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendat
21、ion. ITU-T K.11 Recommendation ITU-T K.11 (2009), Principles of protection against overvoltages and overcurrents. ITU-T K.39 Recommendation ITU-T K.39 (1996), Risk assessment of damages to telecommunication sites due to lightning discharges. ITU-T K.44 Recommendation ITU-T K.44 (2012), Resistibility
22、 tests for telecommunication equipment exposed to overvoltages and overcurrents Basic Recommendation. IEC 61000-4-2 IEC 61000-4-2 (2008), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques Electrostatic discharge immunity test. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere
23、Definitions used in this Recommendation are defined in ITU-T K.44. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation None. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the abbreviations and acronyms defined in ITU-T K.44 as well as the following: CWG Combination Wave Generator ESD Electrostatic Disc
24、harge ICT Information and Communication Technology 2 Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) PoE Power over Ethernet STP Special Test Protector STP (Ethernet) Shielded Twisted Pair Ethernet UTP (Ethernet) Unshielded Twisted Pair Ethernet 5 Conventions This Recommendation uses the conventions defined in ITU-T K.44
25、 as well as the following: IT Designation specified in b-IEC-60364 for a power distribution system in which there is no point connected with earth (isolation), except perhaps via a high impedance, on the power-supply equipment (generator or transformer) and a direct connection of a point on the elec
26、trical device being supplied with earth TT Designation specified in b-IEC-60364 for a power distribution system in which there is a direct connection of a point on the power-supply equipment (generator or transformer) with earth and a direct connection of a point on the electrical device being suppl
27、ied with earth. 6 Tests A summary of the applicable tests is given in Table 1. The numbers given in the “port type“ columns, e.g., 2.2.1.a, refer to the “Test No.“ of Tables 2 to 5. The words “under study“ mean that ITU-T is still studying this test. The test conditions applicable to the four ports
28、(symmetric, coaxial, dedicated power feed and mains power) are given in Tables 2 to 5. The test conditions for electrostatic discharge (ESD) are given in Table 6. For information on the headings and terms used in the tables, refer to clause 10 of ITU-T K.44. Refer to clause 5.2 of ITU-T K.44 on sele
29、cting the enhanced resistibility requirement. NOTE 1 The port to external port test for the basic test level does not apply when the equipment is designed to be always used with a connection to earth. NOTE 2 The external port test applies to ports used to connect externally-attached equipment to equ
30、ipment installed within the same building. The mains power contact test does not apply in this situation. NOTE 3 The power induction test does not apply to ports used to connect to antennas installed under the scope of b-ITU-T K.71. Table 1 Applicable tests Test type No. of pairs simultaneously test
31、ed Test connection Primary protection Port type Symmetric port Coaxial port Dedicated power feed port Mains power port Lightning voltage Single Transverse/ differential No 2.1.1a 3.1.1 4.1.1a 5.1.1a Port to earth No 2.1.1b n.a. 4.1.1b 5.1.1b Port to external port No 2.1.1c n.a. 4.1.1c 5.1.1c Coordin
32、ation/Transverse/ differential Yes 2.1.2a 3.1.2 4.1.2a 5.1.2a Coordination/Port to earth Yes 2.1.2b n.a. 4.1.2b 5.1.2b Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) 3 Table 1 Applicable tests Test type No. of pairs simultaneously tested Test connection Primary protection Port type Symmetric port Coaxial port Dedicated
33、power feed port Mains power port Coordination/Port to external port Yes 2.1.2c n.a. 4.1.2c 5.1.2c Multiple Port to earth No 2.1.3a n.a. n.a. n.a. Port to external port No 2.1.3b n.a. n.a. n.a. Port to earth Yes 2.1.4a n.a. n.a. n.a. Port to external port Yes 2.1.4b n.a. n.a. n.a. UTP Ethernet Port t
34、o Earth No 2.1.9 n.a. n.a. n.a. Transverse No 2.1.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. Voltage impulse test No 2.1.9 n.a. n.a. n.a. PoE No 2.1.10 n.a. n.a. n.a. STP Ethernet Port to Earth No 2.1.8 2.1.8 n.a. n.a. Shield test No 2.1.11 2.1.11 n.a. n.a. Lightning current Single Port to earth No 2.1.5a n.a. 4.1.5a n.a. Po
35、rt to external port No 2.1.5b n.a. 4.1.5b n.a. Differential n.a. n.a. 3.1.3 n.a. n.a. Shield to earth n.a. n.a. 3.1.4 n.a. n.a. Shield to external port n.a. n.a. 3.1.5 n.a. n.a. Multiple Port to earth No 2.1.6a n.a. n.a. n.a. Port to external port No 2.1.6b n.a. n.a. n.a. Insulation Multiple Port to
36、 earth n.a. 2.1.11, 7.8 n.a. n.a. n.a. Power induction and earth potential rise Single Transverse No 2.2.1a Under Study 4.2.1a n.a. Port to earth No 2.2.1b n.a. 4.2.1b 5.2.1 (under study) Port to external port No 2.2.1c n.a. 4.2.1c 5.2.1 (under study) Transverse Yes 2.2.2a Under study 4.2.2a n.a. Po
37、rt to earth Yes 2.2.2b n.a. 4.2.2b n.a. Port to external port Yes 2.2.2c n.a. 4.2.2c * Single Port to earth No n.a. n.a. n.a. 5.2.2a 4 Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) Table 1 Applicable tests Test type No. of pairs simultaneously tested Test connection Primary protection Port type Symmetric port Coaxial p
38、ort Dedicated power feed port Mains power port Neutral potential rise Port to external port No n.a. n.a. n.a. 5.2.2b Mains power contact Single Transverse No 2.3.1a n.a. 4.3.1a n.a. Port to earth No 2.3.1b n.a. 4.3.1b n.a. Port to external port No 2.3.1c n.a 4.3.1c n.a. NOTE There are no internal po
39、rts in access network equipment (due to its small physical size). 5 Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) Table 2a Lightning test conditions for ports connected to external symmetric pair cables Test No. Test description Test circuit and waveform (see figures in Annex A of ITU-T K.44) Basic test levels (also se
40、e clause 7 of ITU-T K.44) Enhanced test levels (also see clauses 5 and 7 of ITU-T K.44) No. of tests Primary protection ITU-T K.44, clause 8) Acceptance criteria (ITU-T K.44, clause 9) Comments 2.1.1a Single pair, lightning, inherent, transverse A.3-1 and A.6.1-1 (a and b) 10/700 s Uc(max) 1.5 kV R
41、25 Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 Alternating 5 surges (60 seconds between successive surges) None A This test does not apply when the equipment is designed to always be used with primary protection. When the equipment contains high current-carrying components which eliminate the need for primary protection, t
42、his test does not apply. (lower voltage level testing also required for each test see ITU-T K.44, clause 7.3) 2.1.1b Single pair, lightning, inherent, port to earth A.3-1 and A.6.1-2 10/700 s Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 2.1.1c Single pair, lightning, inherent, port to external port A.3-1
43、 and A.6.1-3 10/700 s Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 2.1.2a Single pair, lightning, coordination, transverse A.3-1 and A.6.1-1 (a and b) 10/700 s Uc(max) 4 kV R 25 Uc(max) 4 kV R 25 Alternating 5 surges (60 seconds between successive surges) Special test protector (STP); see clause 8.4 of I
44、TU-T K.44. When performing the external port to external port test, also add an STP/primary protector to the untested port. A When the test is performed with Uc = Uc(max), the special test protector must operate. Of course it may also operate with a voltage of Uc Ucmax. When the equipment contains h
45、igh current-carrying components which eliminate the need for primary protection, refer to clause 10.1.1 of ITU-T K.44. (lower voltage level testing also required for each test see ITU-T K.44, clause 7.3) 2.1.2b Single pair, lightning, coordination, port to earth A.3-1 and A.6.1-2 10/700 s Uc(max) 4
46、kV R 25 Uc(max) 4 kV R 25 2.1.2c Single pair, lightning, coordination, port to external port A.3-1 and A.6.1-3 10/700 s Uc(max) 4 kV R 25 Uc(max) 4 kV R 25 6 Rec. ITU-T K.45 (04/2015) Table 2a Lightning test conditions for ports connected to external symmetric pair cables Test No. Test description T
47、est circuit and waveform (see figures in Annex A of ITU-T K.44) Basic test levels (also see clause 7 of ITU-T K.44) Enhanced test levels (also see clauses 5 and 7 of ITU-T K.44) No. of tests Primary protection ITU-T K.44, clause 8) Acceptance criteria (ITU-T K.44, clause 9) Comments 2.1.3a Multiple
48、pair, lightning, inherent, port to earth A.3-1 and A.6.1-4 10/700 s Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 Uc(max) 1.5 kV R 25 Alternating 5 surges (60 seconds between successive surges) None A The multiple port test is simultaneously applied to 100% of the pairs in the same cable limited to a maximum of 8 pairs. This
49、 test does not apply when the equipment is designed to be always used with primary protection. When the equipment contains high current-carrying components which eliminate the need for primary protection, this test does not apply. (lower voltage level testing also required for each test see ITU-T K.44, clause 7.3) 2.1.3b Multiple pair, lightning, inherent, port to
