1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T L.69TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (06/2007) SERIES L: CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT Personal digital assistant requirements and relevant data structure for infrastructure and netw
2、ork elements management ITU-T Recommendation L.69 ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007) i ITU-T Recommendation L.69 Personal digital assistant requirements and relevant data structure for infrastructure and network elements management Summary Telecommunication networks require a minimum of planned periodical ma
3、intenance to minimize out-of-service risk and to guarantee Service Level Agreement satisfaction. Especially with respect to optical fibre-based infrastructures, with the corresponding huge amount of information transmitted, the issue is even more critical. There could be many network elements that a
4、re subject to maintenance, differing in position, dimension, field work and scheduled times for periodic maintenance. Source ITU-T Recommendation L.69 was approved on 29 June 2007 by ITU-T Study Group 6 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. ii ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007) FOREWORD T
5、he International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Re
6、commendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. T
7、he approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Admi
8、nistration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and co
9、mpliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendatio
10、n is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed
11、 Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommend
12、ation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2007 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, wit
13、hout the prior written permission of ITU. ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 1 5 PDA 2 5.1 Logon 2 5.2 Tag reader. 2 5.3 Positioning system receiver 2 5.4 Network interface . 3 5.5 Memory 3 5.6 Software upgrade 4 5.7 Pow
14、er supply 4 5.8 Case 4 6 Data structure 4 6.1 Site information 4 6.2 Element characteristics. 5 6.3 Installation characteristics 5 6.4 Maintenance report. 5 Appendix I Italian experience regarding RFID tag solution for telephony poles. 6 ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007) 1 ITU-T Recommendation L.69 Personal
15、 digital assistant requirements and relevant data structure for infrastructure and network elements management 1 Scope This Recommendation deals with telecommunication networks maintenance support system. In particular, it points out requirements for personal digital assistant (PDA) equipment used i
16、n field activities and data structure for information storage. PDA supports operators for paperless data collection and automatic database upgrade. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
17、 this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and o
18、ther references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T L.64 ITU-T Recommendation L.64 (2007), ID tag requiremen
19、ts for infrastructure and network elements management. IEC 60529 IEC 60529 (2001), Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code). 3 Definitions None. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: GPRS General Packet Radio Service GPS Global
20、Positioning System GSM Global System for Mobile communications ID IDentification IP Ingress Protection ISM Industrial, Scientific, Medical MMC MultiMedia Card OSS Operations Support System PDA Personal Digital Assistant QR Quick Response RFID Radio Frequency Identification 2 ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007
21、) 5 Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) A PDA is a handheld device used by an operator as support for in-field maintenance activities. Along with typical equipment available in electronic devices with man-machine interface (e.g., keyboard, display, etc.), it is recommended that PDAs be equipped with a
22、tag reader to read/write tags (RFID, barcode, QR, etc.). It is suggested that PDAs also be equipped with a positioning system receiver to acquire geographical position, and with a network interface to communicate with the OSS. 5.1 Logon It is recommended that PDAs support logon based on username and
23、 password. All the procedures executed on a PDA are then associated with its operator in order to certify in-field activities and to have a person responsible for data structure content. 5.2 Tag reader A tag reader is used to acquire the unique ID code associated to the tag. Tag readers should easil
24、y read tags according to their position on the network element and to the minimum distance that can be achieved between tag and reader. When tags are situated close together, the tag reader should be able to read data of multi tags one at a time (anti-collision function). It is recommended that betw
25、een reader and tag there be no materials that could negatively affect radio transmission at the frequency used for tag reading. If the tag cannot be read or it has been removed from the network element, the PDA should support the communication of this problem by the operator to the OSS. It is recomm
26、ended that the tag reader be able to read and write to the tag memory, where available and allowed, in the same conditions as described above. Each time the tag memory writing procedure is executed, it is recommended that this operation be automatically followed by a read operation in order to verif
27、y that the data was correctly written into the tag. It is recommended that PDAs support a diagnostic test procedure to enable the operator to check that the tag reader is functioning properly. It is recommended that tag readers be based on a standard technology for wireless communication. 5.3 Positi
28、oning system receiver It is not mandatory but it is suggested that PDAs be equipped with a positioning system receiver. Positioning system receivers are used to acquire geographical coordinates (latitude, longitude, altitude) of network elements in outside plants where such a service is available. I
29、t is recommended that this interface be able to determine the geographical coordinates with a precision (spatial resolution) satisfying the application requirements, even in difficult environmental conditions. When small distances between items in the same site cannot be discriminated by the positio
30、ning system, it is suggested to use the same set of geographical coordinates for all these network elements (site coordinates). In case of indoor applications, it is suggested to determine an outdoor position to be used as geographical coordinates for all the indoor network elements, or to define th
31、e entire site as an outside network element with geographical coordinates, where all the network elements are inside. ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007) 3 In case of failure in determining a geographical position, it is recommended that operators be warned so they can decide on how to proceed. It is recommen
32、ded that PDAs support a diagnostic test procedure to enable the operator to check that the positioning system receiver is functioning properly. It is recommended that the positioning system receiver be based on a standard technology for wireless communication. 5.4 Network interface It is not mandato
33、ry but it is suggested that PDAs be equipped with a network interface. Network interfaces are used to exchange information with the OSS through a telecommunication network. It is recommended that PDAs communicate with the OSS in a client/server architecture where the PDA is the client. The PDA can b
34、e used to send information to the OSS (e.g., to be stored in the database after maintenance activity) and to collect information from the OSS (e.g., to support before maintenance activity). If both downlink and uplink bandwidths are fundamental, it is suggested that the network interface support sym
35、metrical connection. Since network connectivity requirements can be different, depending on site position and network availability, it is recommended that PDAs support at least the communication interface that guarantees on average the best performances in terms of connection availability and bandwi
36、dth. Connection availability and bandwidth define the delay between in-field maintenance activity and central database update. PDAs can support multiple network interfaces to offer best solution according to site characteristic. In case of communication failure, it is recommended that operators be i
37、mmediately warned, so that they can decide on how to proceed. It is recommended that PDAs support a diagnostic test procedure to enable the operator to check that the network interface is functioning properly. It is recommended that network interfaces be based on a standard technology to communicate
38、 with the OSS. 5.5 Memory It is recommended that PDAs be equipped with a rewritable non-volatile memory. Memory is used to store both the data that must be transferred to the OSS (upload) and the data that can be received from the OSS (download). Memory should be able to store enough information so
39、PDAs can work continuously from two consecutive download or upload procedures, according to scheduled in-field activities. It is recommended that memory be able to store both the current running software and new software version in order to support secure software upgrades. Before memory is complete
40、ly full, it is recommended that operators be warned, so that they can decide on how to proceed. This may avoid information loss due to inability to save the data into the PDA. Uploaded data can be deleted only when the OSS has confirmed that information has been received and stored in central databa
41、se. Memory can be embedded, detachable, or be a combination of both. 4 ITU-T Rec. L.69 (06/2007) 5.6 Software upgrade Software upgrade on PDAs is necessary to guarantee an acceptable performance (e.g., bug fix and stability). It is suggested to use the supported network interface(s), where available
42、, or a detachable memory device to download new software versions. It is recommended that the integrity of new software be checked before making the change definitive in the PDA, in particular if lossy links (e.g., a radio connection) is used to transfer the new software. It is recommended that down
43、grading software on PDA be blocked, or that the operator be warned. In case of tag equipped with a non-volatile memory that has been previously written, it is recommended that new software version can still read and write tag memory. In case of data structure extension, it is recommended that the ne
44、w software version be able to manage previous data structures. 5.7 Power supply PDAs support several electrical interfaces, and total power consumption depends on how much time these devices are switched on and remain active. It is recommended that power supplies be able to support PDAs working for
45、all activities for at least one whole day. It is recommended that PDAs support a function that enables the operator to monitor the battery residual charge. Before the PDAs battery is completely exhausted, it is recommended that operators be warned, so that they can decide on how to proceed and there
46、by avoid information loss. In heavy power-consuming conditions, it is suggested to have an alternative power supply solution (e.g., a spare battery pack or car charger). Fast rechargeable battery packs with no memory effect are preferred to other types of batteries. 5.8 Case It is recommended that P
47、DA cases guarantee normal functioning during in-field activities in typical outside plants environmental conditions. The PDA case should have a degree of protection at least equal to IP54 IEC 60529. 6 Data structure A data structure is the set of information relevant for each network element. Typica
48、l data structures are divided into the following parts: site, native characteristics, installation characteristics, and maintenance report. Each part consists of data with specific meaning and use. Values in data structure are entered in a PDA for the first time by its operator during the census pha
49、se. Census is the system start-up process where network elements are registered in the OSS database. Part of these values could be already written in the tag if the tag has an embedded non-volatile memory and has been supplied together with the network element. Part of the data structure content for a network element changes every time maintenance activity takes place. Consequently, the central database content is also upgraded. 6.1 Site information Site information of network elements defines their position in terms of location (e.g., geographical coordinates and addresses) and i
