1、 ITU-T RECNN*N=bO 93 = 4862571 0584578 571 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UN ION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU M.60 (03/93) MAINTENANCE: INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MAINTENANCE AND MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION MAINTENANCE TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS ITU-T Recommendati
2、on M.60 (Previously “CCITT Recommendation”) ITU-T RECMN*M-bO 93 m 4862591 0584784 637 = FOREWORD The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the International Telecom- munication Union. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questio
3、ns and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, established the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommend
4、ations on these topics. ITU-T Recommendation M.60 was revised by the ITU-T Study Group IV (1988-1993) and was approved by the WTSC (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). NOTES 1 As a consequence of a reform process within the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the CCITT ceased to exist as of 28 Feb
5、ruary 1993. In its place, the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) was created as of 1 March 1993. Similarly, in this reform process, the CCIR and the IFRB have been replaced by the Radiocommunication Sector. In order not to delay publication of this Recommendation, no change has bee
6、n made in the text to references containing the acronyms ?CCITT, CCIR or IFRB? or their associated entities such as Plenary Assembly, Secretariat, etc. Future editions of this Recommendation will contain the proper terminology related to the new ITU structure. 2 telecommunication administration and
7、a recognized operating agency. In this Recommendation, the expression ?Administration? is used for conciseness to indicate both a O ITU 1994 ITU-T RECMN*M.bO 93 = 4862.591 0584785 573 = CONTENTS General terms . . . . . . . . . . _ . . Telecommunications management network (TMN) . . . . . . . . . . .
8、 . . . Quality, availability, reliability, dependability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transmission . Switching and signalling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Integrated services digital network (ISDN) Testing, monitoring points, alarms . Page 1 2 16 19 29 30 32 Recommend
9、ation M.60 (03/93) 1 ITU-T RECMNtMbO 93 = 4862591 0584786 40T INTRODUCTION This Recommendation consists primarily of those terms and definitions that are considered essential to the understanding of the maintenance of networks and services. Reference is provided to relevant Recommendations or other
10、international standards from which these termes are derived. The terms are associated with a clause number. Within each clause terms are not necessarily listed in alphabetical order. Annex A presents the list of terms in alphabetical order with the clause number. Annex B consists of a listing of abb
11、reviations and acronyms. Annex C shows Figures that are associated with definitions in this Recommendation. Keywords Maintenance, terminology and definition II Recommendation M.60 (03/93) ITU-T RECMN*N-bO 93 m 48b259L 0584787 34b m Recommendation M.60 MAINTENANCE TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS (Melbour
12、ne 1988; revised at Helsinki, 1993) 1 General terms 1000 1001 signals between user-network interfaces. (Rec. 1.1 12) 1002 controlled maintenance: A method to sustain a desired quality of service by the systematic application of analysis techniques using centralized supervisory facilities and/or samp
13、ling to minimize preventive maintenance and to reduce corrective maintenance. (Rec. M.20) automatic maintenance: Maintenance accomplished without human intervention. bearer service: A type of telecommunication service that provides the capability for the transmission of 1003 to a state in which it c
14、an perform a required function. (Rec. M.20) 1004 or by private organizations. (Rec. X. 15) 1005 recognition, but is delayed in accordance with given maintenance rules. 1 O06 for facilitating the introduction of new capabilities and services, including those under customer control. (Rec. Q. 1290) 100
15、7 interface: The common boundary between two associated systems. (Rec. I. 112) 1 O08 maintenance: The whole of the operations required for setting-up and maintaining, within prescribed limits, any element entering into the setting-up of a connection. In the international automatic telephone service,
16、 maintenance is particularly concerned with circuits and automatic switching equipment. Circuit and automatic equipment maintenance includes: corrective maintenance: The maintenance carried out after fault recognition and intended to restore an item data communication network: A data network which i
17、s established and operated either by Administrations deferred maintenance: Such corrective maintenance which is not immediately initiated after a fault intelligent network (IN): A telecommunications network which has an architecture that provides flexibility a) b) c) d) locating and clearing faults.
18、 maintenance entities (ME): Maintenance entities are defined by the following principles: - carrying out setting-up measurements and adjustments; planning and programming a maintenance scheme; carrying out the prescribed routine preventive maintenance measurements and all other tests and measurement
19、s deemed necessary; 1009 The different equipment of a telecommunications network constituting the MES are interconnected at consecutive and easily identifiable interface points at which the interface conditions defined for these equipment apply, and which possess the means of detecting maintenance e
20、vents and failures. If the telecommunication equipment supports bi-directional transmission, it normally consists of telecommunications equipment transmitting in both directions, and then both directions are considered part of the same ME. When a failure occurs within a network, it is desirable that
21、 the maintenance alarm information indication appear at the failed ME. When this is not practical, the indication should appear at the closest possible entity. Maintenance alarm information indications in an entity should not cause related alarm information indications at other entities. In the even
22、t that such indications are permitted to occur, they should clearly indicate that the failure has occurred upstream. and not in the other entities displaying the information. (Rec. M.20) - - - 1010 maintenance. maintenance philosophy: A system of underlying principles for the organization and execut
23、ion of the Recommendation M.60 (03/93) 1 ITU-T RECMN*M.bO 93 m 48b253L 0584788 282 m 1 O1 1 levels and levels of maintenance to be applied for the maintenance of an item. 1012 maintenance strategy: A plan for the organization and execution of maintenance. 1013 one stop shopping: An arrangement where
24、by a single Administration (or ROA) provides and/or coordinates with other Administrations (or ROAS) the provision of one or more telecommunication services. It is designed to shield the customer from the complexities of ordering, implementation, billing and maintenance coordination procedures under
25、taken by each Administration (or ROA) for provision of informational services. (Rec. F. 14) 1014 criteria and intended to reduce the probability of failure or the degradation of the functioning of an item. (Rec. M.20) 1015 service: A set of functions offered to a user by an organization. (Rec. E.800
26、) 1016 service maintenance: This term denotes the set of maintenance-related activities which should be undertaken by network operators and service providers in order that they can ensure meeting the applicable Quality of Service requirements for the various services which they support. (Rec. M.21)
27、101 7 telecommunication: Any transmission and/or emission and reception of signals representing signs, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems. (Recs. G.710, 1.1 12) 101 8 telecommunication Administration: An Administration, o
28、r the part of a combined postal telecom- munication Administration, concerned with the provision of telecommunication services. (Rec. D.70) 1019 specific telecommunication requirement. may be identified in the future. (Rec. 1.1 12) 1020 teleservice: A type of telecommunication service that provides
29、the complete capatibility including terminal equipment functions, for communications between users according to protocols established by agreement between Administrations. (Rec. 1.1 12) maintenance policy: A description of the interrelationship between the maintenance echelons, the indenture prevent
30、ive maintenance: The maintenance carried out at predetermined intervals or according to prescribed telecommunication service: That which is offered by an Administration to its customers in order to satisfy a NOTE - Bearer service and teleservice are types of telecommunication service. Other types of
31、 telecommunication service 2 Telecommunications management network (TMN) 2000 costs for such use to be determined and rendered. (Rec. M.3010) accounting management: A set of functions which enable the use of network services to be measured and the 2001 not confined to modifications of attribute valu
32、es. (Rec. X.720) action: A type of management operation which applies to managed objects as a whole. Its impact is generally 2002 actions (generic network information model) Add TPs to GTP Add TPs to TP pool Allow audible visual local alarm Connect Disconnect Inhibit audible visual local alarm Remov
33、e TPs from GTP Remove TPs from TP pool Reset audible alarm For complete definitions see Recommendation M.3100. except reset audible alarm which is defined in Recommendation 4.821. 2003 Agency (ROA). (Rec. F.500) Administration (entity): Denotes a public telecommunication Administration or Recognized
34、 Operating 2 Recommendation M.60 (03/93) ITU-T RECMN*N.bO 93 m 4862591 0584789 LI9 m 2004 administration (task): Administration covers a broad group of functions that sustain telecommunication services once they have been established. Administration generally consists of network administration and s
35、ervice administration. Network administration ensures that the network is used efficiently and that grade of service objectives are met. Service administration includes such diverse support functions as billing, collecting and switching service evaluation. (Rec. M.3010) 2005 information, has taken a
36、n agent role. (Rec. X.701) agent: A management information system user which, for a particular exchange of systems management 2006 on managed objects and of emitting notifications on behalf of managed objects. (Rec. X.701) agent role: A management information system user taking an agent role is capa
37、ble of performing operations 2007 of the monitoring network element. (Rec. M.3010) alarm: An alerting indication to a condition that may have immediate or potential negative impact on the state 2008 events. (Complete definition is in Rec. M.3 100) alarm status: The attribute that describes the condi
38、tion of a managed object as a result of one or more alarm 2009 indication of failures. (Rec. M.3010) alarm surveillance: A set of TMN management functions which provides, near real time, detection and 2010 object classes. (Rec. X.720) allomorphism: The ability of a managed object of a given class to
39、 resemble objects of one or more other 201 1 stimulus, or event that bears intelligence. (Rec. X.700) analogue signai: A continuous signal that varies in some direct relationship with an impressed phenomenon, 201 2 exchange of application protocol control information through their use of presentatio
40、n services. (Rec. X.217) application association: A cooperative relationship between two application entities, formed by their 2013 necessary information for the interworking of application entries on an application association. (Rec. X.217) application context: An explicitly identified set of appli
41、cation service elements, related options and any other 2014 application entity: Any aspect of an application process pertinent to OSI. (Rec. X.200) 2015 particular application. (Rec. X.200) application process: An element within a real open system which performs the information processing for a 2016
42、 behaviour of application entities in the performance of application functions. (Rec. X.200) application protocol: A set of rules and formats (semantic and syntactic) which determine the communication 201 7 presentation services, to coordinate their joint operation. (IS0 9545) application protocol c
43、ontrol information: Information exchanged between application entities, using 2018 application protocol control information and possibly user information. (IS0 9545) application protocol data unit: A unit of information specified in an application protocol and consisting of 2019 application entity i
44、nvocations for a specific purpose on a single application association. (IS0 9545) application service element (ASE): A set of functions that provide a capability for the interworking of 2020 architecture (functional): A description of appropriate distribution of functionality, that allows for a crea
45、tion of functional blocks from which a TMN of any complexity can be implemented. These function blocks are separated by reference points and lead to the requirements for the TMN-recommended interface specifications. (Rec. M.301 O) 202 1 architecture (information): The information architecture based
46、on an object-oriented approach gives the rationale for the application of OS1 systems management principles to the TMN principles. The OS1 systems management principles are mapped onto the TMN principles and are expanded to fit the TMN environment where necessary. (Rec. M.3010) 2022 (hardware and so
47、ftware) that make up the TMN. (Rec. M.3010) architecture (physical): A description of realizable interfaces and examples of physical components 2023 arena: A bounded area of logical management responsibility. (Rec. M.3010) Recommendation M.60 (03/93) 3 ITU-T RECMN*M=bO 93 W 48b259L 0584790 930 W 202
48、4 Information concerning a managed object used to describe (either in part or in whole) that managed object. This information consists of an attribute type and its corresponding attribute value (for “single-valued“ attributes) or values (for “multi-valued“ attributes). (Rec. X.700) 2025 attribute (o
49、f managed object): attributes (generic network information model) A-termination point instance Administrative state Alarm severity assignment list Alm severity assignment profile ID Alarm severity assignment profile pointer Alarm status Channel number Characteristic information Client connection Client trail Connected termination point count Connection ID Connection termination point ID Cross-connection ID Cross-connection name Cross-connection object pointer Current problem list Directionality Downstream connectivity pointer Equipment ID Extern
