1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T M.3160 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Amendment 2 (09/2016) SERIES M: TELECOMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING TMN AND NETWORK MAINTENANCE Telecommunications management network Generic, protocol-neutral mana
2、gement information model Amendment 2: New Appendix II on positioning of Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 to Recommendation ITU-T M.1401 Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 (2008) Amendment 2 ITU-T M-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS TELECOMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING TMN AND NETWORK MAINTENANCE Introduction and genera
3、l principles of maintenance and maintenance organization M.10M.299 International transmission systems M.300M.559 International telephone circuits M.560M.759 Common channel signalling systems M.760M.799 International telegraph systems and phototelegraph transmission M.800M.899 International leased gr
4、oup and supergroup links M.900M.999 International leased circuits M.1000M.1099 Mobile telecommunication systems and services M.1100M.1199 International public telephone network M.1200M.1299 International data transmission systems M.1300M.1399 Designations and information exchange M.1400M.1999 Intern
5、ational transport network M.2000M.2999 Telecommunications management network M.3000M.3599 Integrated services digital networks M.3600M.3999 Common channel signalling systems M.4000M.4999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T M.3160 (2008)/Amd.2 (09/2016)
6、i Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 Generic, protocol-neutral management information model Amendment 2 New Appendix II on positioning of Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 to Recommendation ITU-T M.1401 Summary This amendment adds new Appendix II on positioning of Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 to Recommendation IT
7、U-T M.1401 with respect to modelling approach. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T M.3160 2008-11-13 2 11.1002/1000/9551 1.1 ITU-T M.3160 (2008) Amd. 1 2016-03-15 2 11.1002/1000/12782 1.2 ITU-T M.3160 (2008) Amd. 2 2016-09-23 2 11.1002/1000/13075 * To access the
8、Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T M.3160 (2008)/Amd.2 (09/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the
9、 United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Reco
10、mmendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The
11、 approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Admini
12、stration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and com
13、pliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation
14、 is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed I
15、ntellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendat
16、ion. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, witho
17、ut the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T M.3160 (2008)/Amd.2 (09/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 Additions. 1 2.1 Appendix II . 1 Appendix II Positioning Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 to Recommendation ITU-T M.1401 1 II.1 Roles of the Recommendations 1 II.2 Mappings between Re
18、commendations . 2 II.3 Instantiations according to Recommendations . 3 Rec. ITU-T M.3160 (2008)/Amd.2 (09/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 Generic, protocol-neutral management information model Amendment 2 New Appendix II on positioning of Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 to Recommendation ITU-T M.140
19、1 1 Scope This amendment adds a new appendix describing the relationship, similarities and differences between Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 and ITU-T M.1401, including The roles of the two Recommendations Mapping between the two Recommendations Instantiation of entities in the two Recommendations 2 A
20、dditions 2.1 Appendix II Add the following new appendix: Appendix II Positioning Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 to Recommendation ITU-T M.1401 (This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) II.1 Roles of the Recommendations Information from ITU-T M.1401 is included in Recommenda
21、tion ITU-T M.3160. ITU-T M.1401 is the only ITU-T Recommendation for registration of interconnections between countries. ITU-T M.1401 is a formalization of ITU-T M.1400. ITU-T M.1400 and ITU-T M.1401 are extended to cover interconnections between national operators. Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 is ma
22、inly used within each operator. Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 was originally developed for digital cross-connect and automatic management, while ITU-T M.1400 is used for the physical connections and the end-to-end connections. From this follows that Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 is used at interfaces to
23、 network element managers. ITU-T M.1400 is used in the network inventories of a network operator. Hence, ITU-T M.1400 is typically used to register the entire transport network of the operator. The technical report on telecommunication network registration extends ITU-T M.1401 to cover the access ne
24、twork, as well. Additionally, the physical network, i.e., outside plant, is covered. The ITU-T M.1400 series of Recommendations were originally developed for manual management of telecommunication networks. The ITU-T M.1400 series of Recommendations are still the only Recommendations for management
25、of telecommunication networks end-to-end, across several network domains that each may apply Recommendation ITU-T M.3160. This may imply that 2 Rec. ITU-T M.3160 (2008)/Amd.2 (09/2016) operators have to implement mappings between these Recommendations. No Recommendation on the mapping is provided, a
26、s of yet. ITU-T M.1401 is extended with local identifiers. These identifiers may be used to map to ITU-T M.3160 identifiers. They may also map to ATIS identifiers, which are used by some operators, and between some operators, if bilaterally agreed. Some operators use different identifiers on their s
27、eparate portion of the trail, and may use the Local identifier for this mapping. Additionally, the Local identifiers may map to product instance identifiers in business support systems (BSS); see ITU-T M.1402. However, ITU-T M.1400 is the common language between network operators, and is used by eve
28、ryone. Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 is using a conceptual approach for its technology independent specifications. The ITU-T M.1400 series of Recommendations are specifying the syntax and grammar of the data as they should appear at the human computer interfaces. Also, the ITU-T M.1400 series of Recom
29、mendations are specifying how to construct identifiers of network entities. Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 uses UML to specify information to appear at data communication interfaces to network management systems. The specifications are mapped into implementation of software. Hence, they specify entitie
30、s, attributes, relations and roles, and constraints on, behaviour of, and notifications of these, and include traceability. Most terms are globally unique, i.e., appear in a flat name space. No term is meant to be used as is at the human computer interface of end users. The specifications are about
31、classes, and are not meant to be instantiated in this form. The ITU-T M.1401-M.1405 series define normalized syntax trees of data across all human computer interfaces. The leaf nodes contain permissible values at the interfaces. The non-leaf nodes contain the headings to appear at the interfaces. Th
32、e specifications contain no term that does not appear at the human computer interfaces. The structure of the syntax tree defines the permissible word orders. The specifications contain entities at several levels, attribute groups at several levels, attributes, values and roles. The specifications do
33、 not contain relations, but may contain conditions and instructions. However, the presentation form of headings and values is the focus of the specifications. The syntax tree is using local identifiers, i.e., relative distinguished names (RDNs), both of classes and instance values. Also, significant
34、 duplicates are frequently used. This use is very different from UML specifications. In the ITU-T M.1400 series of Recommendations, classes are copied into instances. Hence, the data instances look exactly like their classes, and when seen in isolation, they cannot be distinguished. UML uses super-c
35、lasses to define reusable specifications. The ITU-T M.1400 series is not using super-classes, as the series define the data as they actually will appear to the users. ITU-T M.3160 specifications are spread over many graphs and tables. The ITU-T M.1400 series specifications contain only one graph and
36、 one structured list per Recommendation. Hence, the ITU-T M.1400 series of Recommendations are very compact. The different approaches and usages of ITU-T M.3160 and the ITU-T M.1400 series of Recommendations needs to be understood both by users and developers. II.2 Mappings between Recommendations T
37、he entity classes in ITU-T M.3160 Figure 2 part 2 and Figure 12 are imported from ITU-T M.1401. The definition of classes in ITU-T M.3160 and ITU-T M.1401 are not identical. As an example, ITU-T M.1401 trail is not identical to Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 trail. See clause II.3. Also, equipment item
38、 in ITU-T M.1401 is not identical to equipment in ITU-T M.3160. Relations, attributes and notations in the two Recommendations are not the same. In ITU-T M.1401, a trail may contain trail sections in series. The trail section notion allows for stating the routing of the trail on different kinds of r
39、esources, such as trails, trail multiplex connections, physical link connections, port items and positions. Also, a trail section can correspond Rec. ITU-T M.3160 (2008)/Amd.2 (09/2016) 3 to a resource within another operators network, and which is not registered by the current operator, and do not
40、comply with the name space and naming conventions of this operator. Recommendation ITU-T M.3160 does not have trail sections. In ITU-T M.1401, a trail may contain trail multiplex connections in parallel. This is used to state multiplexing. In ITU-T M.3160, logical links and link connections are used
41、 to state the same. There are more differences than the examples shown above. II.3 Instantiations according to Recommendations An ITU-T M.3160 trail is defined within the scope of a network element manager, managing a network domain. An ITU-T M.1401 trail may go from customer to customer, outside th
42、e scope of ITU-T M.3160. Therefore, the two trails may not be identical. The ITU-T M.3160 Trail may correspond to a trail section of the ITU-T M.1401 trail. The ITU-T M.1401 trail may contain other trail sections for the routing outside the network element manager. The ITU-T M.3160 and ITU-T M.1401
43、Trails are defined within the scope of operation support systems (OSS). The definitions do not apply within the scope of business support systems (BSS). ITU-T M.1402 is defined for BSS. An ITU-T M.1401 trail may correspond to a product instance in BSS. The product instance is an instance of a produc
44、t class, being contained in a catalogue. The product instance corresponding to the ITU-T M.1401 Trail is contained in a contract. The contract may contain other product instances, e.g., for termination at the customer premises, customer equipment and customer services. Printed in Switzerland Geneva,
45、 2017 SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS Series A Organization of the work of ITU-T Series D General tariff principles Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services Series G Transmission systems and media, di
46、gital systems and networks Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems Series I Integrated services digital network Series J Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Series K Protection against interference Series L Environment and ICTs, climate cha
47、nge, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Series M Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance Series N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Series O Spec
48、ifications of measuring equipment Series P Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods Series Q Switching and signalling Series R Telegraph transmission Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment Series T Terminals for telematic services Series U Telegraph switching Series V Data c
49、ommunication over the telephone network Series X Data networks, open system communications and security Series Y Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems
