ITU-T P 930-1996 Principles of a Reference Impairment System for Video - Series P Telephone Transmission Quality Audiovisual Quality in Multimedia Services (Study Group 12 39 pp)《视.pdf
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1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECT0 R OF ITU P.930 (08196) SERIES P: TELEPHONE TRANSMISSION QUALITY Audiovisual quality in multimedia services Principles of a reference impairment system for video ITU-T Recommendation P.930 (Previously CCITT Recommenda
2、tion) ITU-T P-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS TELEPHONE TRANSMISSION QUALITY Vocabulary and effects of transmission parameters on customer opinion of Series P.10 transmission quality Subscribers lines and sets Series P.30 Transmission standards Series P.40 Objective measuring apparatus Series P.50 Objective
3、electro-acoustical measurements Series P.60 Measurements related to speech loudness Series P.70 Methods for objective and subjective assessment of quality Series P.80 Audiovisual quality in multimedia services P.300 P.500 P.800 For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations. ITU-
4、T RECOMMENDATION P.930 PRINCIPLES OF A REFERENCE IMPAIRMENT SYSTEM FOR VIDEO Summary This Recommendation describes the principles of an adjustable video reference system that can be used to generate the reference conditions necessary to characterize the subjective picture quality of video produced b
5、y compressed digital video systems. A Reference Impairment System for Video (RISV) can be utilized to simulate the impairments resulting from the compression of video sequences, independent of compression scheme. The subjective evaluation methods are described in Recommendation P.9 10. Appendix I de
6、scribes VIRIS (a Video Reference Impairment System developed by Bellcore), which is a specific implementation of an adjustable reference impairment system for video. Although the studies done at Bellcore were with MPEG-1, VIRIS can also be used with other compression schemes, such as H.261. It is re
7、commended that a RISV be capable of producing the following categories of distortions, either singly or in combinations, with independent adjustment of each impairment level: a b) c) In this Recommendation, five types of impairments (block distortion, blurring, edge busyness, noise, and jerkiness) a
8、re defined and general methods for implementing these impairments are provided. Appendix I describes a specific implementation of these impairments in VIRIS. Other impairments are the subject for future study. From the viewers point of view, the impairments produced by the RISV should be a good appr
9、oximation of impairments generated by digital video coding and transmission systems. Three possible applications for the RISV are: 1) 2) 3) Although this Recommendation describes the principles of an RISV, before an implementation can be recommended, validation tests are required. Artifacts due to c
10、onversions between analog and digital formats (e. g. noise and blurring). Artifacts due to coding and compression (e. g. jerkiness, edge busyness, and block dis tortion). Artifacts due to transmission channel errors (e. g. errored blocks). I creating reference conditions in subjective tests of digit
11、al video systems to ensure that the quality of the scenes presented to viewers covers the entire range of picture quality; defining standard video impairment levels that can be used to compare subjective test results; and quantifying the user-perceived quality of a video system with respect to a kno
12、wn reference. Source ITU-T Recommendation P.930 was prepared by U-T Study Group 12 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 30th of August 1996. STD.ITU-T RECHN P.930-ENGL 199b m VBb2591 Ob20748 477 FOREWORD ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the Unit
13、ed Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the U. The lTU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing t
14、elecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Member
15、s of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). In some areas of information technology which fall within FU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE I In this Recommendation, the expr
16、ession “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. O ITU 1996 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopyi
17、ng and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. 11 Recommendation P.930 (08/96) STD-ITU-T RECMN P-930-ENGL L97b W iBb2591 0b207ii9 323 W 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6 CONTENTS Scope References Abbreviations and definitions Attributes of a Reference Impairment System for V
18、ideo (RISV) An adjustable range of video impairment levels Potential applications for a RISV Impairments produced by the RISV . Block distortion Blurring Edge busyness Noise Jerkiness . Combination of impairments . Conclusion . Appendix I . VIRIS. a specific implementation of a RISV Introduction t I
19、 . 1 1.2 Impairment simulation . 1.2.1 Block distortion 1.2.2 Blurring . 1.2.3 Edge busyness . 1.2.4 Noise . 1.2.5 Jerkiness Calculation of the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) 1.4 VIRIS programme VIRIS subjective test pian 1.5.1 VIRIS picture sequences . 1.5.2 VIRIS test conditions 1.5.3 VIRIS tes
20、t method 1.5.4 VIRIS viewing conditions 1.5.5 VIRIS test procedures . VIRIS subjective test results . 1.5.6.1 Data analysis . 1.5.6.2 VIRIS results 1.3 1.5 1.5.6 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 4 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 10 12 13 13 14 16 16 17 18 19 20 20 20 21 . 111 Recommendation P.930 (08/96) STD-ITU-T RECMN PaS3O-ENGL 19
21、9b m Li8b257L Ob20750 045 1.6 Edge busyness subjective test plan Edge busyness picture sequences . VIRIS test conditions and test material preparation . Edge busyness subjective test procedures Edge busyness subjective test results 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.6.4 1.6.5 Edge busyness subjective test method 1
22、.7 Conclusions Bibliography Page 24 25 25 26 26 27 28 29 iv Recommendation P.930 (08/96) . Introduction Reference video conditions are often used in subjective video quality evaluations because category rating judgements can vary from one test to the next or from one laboratory to another depending
23、on the experimental setting (i.e. range and frequency effects, subject population, etc.). The reference conditions allow for relative comparisons between the reference video conditions and the video conditions of interest and allow for subjective quality to be stated in terms of an objective measure
24、 of the reference. Including reference video conditions in a test allows for a wide range of test conditions to be presented and provides for a measure of video quality that can be more reliably replicated in another test or laboratory. In considering a system capable of producing such a set of adju
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