1、 ITU-T RECflN*T.421 74 4862.573 0577030 544 m INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU=T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU TERMINALS FOR TELEMATIC SERVICES T.421 (1 1 /94) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - OPEN DOCUMENT ARCHITECTURE (ODA) AND INTERCHANGE FORMAT: TABULAR STRUCTURES AND TABULAR
2、LAYOUT ITU-T Recommendation 1.421 (Previously “CCIT Recommendation”) ITU-T RECMNaT-421 94 486259L 0599033 480 Foreword ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is
3、a permanent organ of the . Some 179 member countries, 84 telecom operating entities, 145 scientific and industrial organizations and 38 international organizations participate in. ITU-T which is the body which sets world telecommunications standards (Recommendations). The approval of Recommendations
4、 by the Members of ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, 1993). In addition, the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, approves Recommendations submitted to it and establishes the study programme for the fol
5、lowing period. In some areas of information technology, which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and EC. The text of IT-T Recommendation T.421 was approved on 11th of November 1994. The identical text is also published as ISOEC Internat
6、ional Standard 8613-1 1. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. o ITU 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form o
7、r by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. CONTENTS List of Figures . List of Tables . Summary . Foreword . 1 Scope 2 Normative references . Identical Recommendations I International Standards Paired Recommendations 1 I
8、ntemational Standards equivalent in technical terms . 3 Definitions 4 Abbreviations . 5 Conventions 5.1 Content associated with a composite logical object 5.2 The symbol / . Relationship to ITU-T Recommendation T.412 I ISOAEC 8613-2 Features of tabular structures and tabular layout 2.1 2.2 6 7 7.1 7
9、.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Content types and inner structures of table entries . Dimensions of tables, rows and columns Placement of tables . Spanning cells . Placement of table entries . 7.5.1 Gutter space around table lines . 7.5.2 Offset of table entries 7.5.3 Alignment of a table entry within a
10、table cell . 7.5.4 Reference line alignment 7.6.1 Direction of table split . 7.6.2 Repetition of headings Rendition of table lines . Supplementary lines Split of tables 8 Grid logical components 8.1 Logical grids . 8.1.1 Logical grid lines and logical grid locations . 8.1.2 Major and minor paths 8.1
11、.3 Major and minor logical grid lines 8.1.4 Major and minor sizes of a logical grid 8.1.5 Logical coordinates . 8.1.6 Logical grid rectangles Association of entry objects with logical grid rectangles . 8.2 ITU-T Rec . T.421(1994 E) Page V vi vii viii 1 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8
12、 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 1 ITU-T RECMN*T*423 74 = 4862573 0577033 253 9 10 11 12 11 Grid frame components 9.1.1 Layout grid lines . 9.1.2 Major and minor paths 9.1.3 Major and minor layout grid lines . 9.1.4 Grid line segments 9.1.5 9.1.6 9.1.7 9.1.8 9.1.9 9.1.1 O 9.1.11 9.1.12 9.1 Layout grid Major and m
13、inor sizes of a layout grid . Major and minor dimensions of a layout grid . Grid intervals, layout grid locations and layout grid rectangles . Dimensions of grid intervals . Naming of edges of a layout grid rectangle Grid gutter spaces . Position of a layout grid Minimal layout of a layout grid Asso
14、ciation of grid frames with grid logical objects Binding of entry frames to layout grid rectangles . Correspondence between layout grid lines and logical grid lines . Correspondence between layout grid rectangles and logical grid rectangles Layout of content associated with entry objects . Duplicati
15、on of content 10.1 Reproductions of content 10.1.1 Reproductions of the content of a basic logical object . 10.1.2 Reproductions of the content of a target object 10.1.3 Reproduction bundles . Layout of content within reproductions 10.2.1 Order of layout 10.2.2 Splits of content portions 10.2.3 Effe
16、cts of layout directive attributes on layout . Content identifiers for reproductions 9.2 9.3 9.3.1 9.3.2 9.3.3 10.2 10.3 Expressions 1 1.1 Grid construction expressions . 11.2 Attributes with grid construction expressions as values . 11.3 Grid interval expressions 11.4 Interval indicators . 11.5 Gri
17、d gutter expressions . 1 1.6 Gutter indicators 11.7 Grid line expressions . 11.8 Line characteristics . 1 1.9 Line characteristic expressions . 1 1.10 Line segment characteristics . Attribute definitions . 12.1 Layout attributes . 12.1.1 Frame alignment point 12.1.2 Grid dimensions 12.1.3 Grid gutte
18、rs . 12.1.4 Grid interval dimensions . 12.1.5 Grid lines . 12.1.6 Grid position . 12.1.7 Indent - major; Indent - minor . ITU-T Rec . T.421(1994 E) Page 10 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 14 15 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 20 22 22 22 23 24 24 26 27 27 27 28 28 29 29 29 31 31 33 34 36 38
19、38 1TU-T RECNN*T.YZL 7Y = 4862571 0599034 L9T m 12.1.8 Major path . 12.1.9 Minor path . 12.1.10 Position . 12.1.1 1 Reference line alignment - major; Reference line alignment - minor . 12.1.12 Supplementary lines 12.2 Layout directive attributes 12.2.1 Block alignment point . 12.2.2 Grid description
20、 12.2.3 Grid frame classes . 12.2.4 Obligatory same layout objects . 12.2.5 Presentation precedence 12.2.6 Selective same layout objects . 12.2.7 Supplementary line directive 12.3 Presentation attributes . 12.3.1 Character content architecture 12.3.2 Raster graphics content architecture . 12.3.3 Geo
21、metric graphics content architecture . Reference model of the document layout process with respect to tabular layout 13.1 Layout of reproductions of content . 13.2 Layout reference from a grid logical object to grid frames 13.3 Determination of the dimensions of layout grids Constraints on the dimen
22、sions of layout grids Minimal layout of the layout grid . Determination of the imaging factors of table lines Processing order of basic logical objects Placement of an entry frame not bound to a grid rectangle Placement of an entry frame bound to a grid rectangle Placement of an entry frame within i
23、ts available area Placement of temporarily positioned entry frames . 13 13.3.1 13.3.2 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.7.1 13.7.2 13.7.3 13.7.4 Determination of the area available for placement of entry frames Rectification of position of entry frames with centre order Reference model of the document imaging
24、process with respect to tabular layout . 14 14.1 Generation of images of layout grid lines . Direction of a grid line segment Position and dimension of a grid line segment . Generation of images of supplementary lines . 14.1.1 14.1.2 14.1.3 Imaging factors for a grid line segment Annex A - Formal de
25、finition of tabular structures and tabular layout 14.2 A.l Layout descriptors . A.2 Logical descriptors A.3 Style descriptors A.4 Default value lists . A.5 Character presentation attributes . A.6 Raster graphics presentation attributes A.7 A.8 Grid layout descriptors Geometric graphics presentation
26、attributes . A.9 Grid style descriptors ITU-T Rec . T.421(1994 E) Page 40 40 40 47 47 51 52 52 53 55 55 57 59 60 61 61 63 63 65 65 65 66 66 66 67 67 68 68 68 75 78 79 80 80 80 80 81 81 82 82 84 84 85 85 86 87 87 90 . 111 Annex B . Formal definition of tabular structures and tabular layout iv B.l B .
27、 2 B . 3 B . 4 B.5 B . 6 B.7 Example 1 . B.l. 1 Generic Layout Structure B.1.2 Explanation . B.2.1 Generic Logical Structure . B.2.3 Specific Layout Structure Example 2 . B.2.2 Specific Logical Structure . B.2.4 Explanation . Example 3 . B.3.2 Specific Logical Structure . B.3.1 Generic Logical Struc
28、ture . B.3.3 Specific Layout Structure B.3.4 Explanation . Example 4 . B.4.2 Specific Logical Structure . B.4.3 Explanation . B.4.1 Generic Logical Structure . Example 5 . B.5.1 Generic Logical Structure . B.5.3 Generic Layout Structure B.5.2 Specific Logical Structure . B.5.4 Layout Style B.5.5 Exp
29、lanation . Example 6 . B.6.1 Generic Logical Structure . B.6.3 Generic Layout Structure B.6.2 Specific Logical Structure . B.6.4 Layout Style B.6.5 Explanation . Example 7 . B.7.2 Layout Styles B.7.3 Presentation Styles B.7.4 Generic Layout Structure B.7.5 Specific Logical Structure . B.7.6 Explanat
30、ion . B.7.1 Generic Logical Structure . ITU-T Rec . T.421(1994 E) Page 92 92 92 94 95 95 96 97 100 104 104 104 106 108 110 110 110 111 111 111 112 118 119 120 121 121 121 121 123 124 125 125 126 127 127 128 129 List of Figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 B.l B.2 B.
31、3 B . 4 B . 5 B . 6 B.7 B.8 B.9 Logical grid Association of entry objects with logical grid rectangles . Layout grid . Layout grid lines Grid intervals Grid interval dimensions Edges of grid rectangles . Grid origin and grid reference point . Gutter spaces Grid origin and grid reference point . Majo
32、r alignment of grids Indent - major Example of first typical case of placement of entry frames with centre order . Example of second typical case of placement of entry frames with centre order Quasi alignment groups Alignment groups . Presentation of reference lines . Processing order of basic logic
33、al objects . Alignment points in the character content architecture Alignment points in the raster graphics content architecture . Available area for an entry frame with normal order . Available area for an entry frame with centre order Reference line alignment Generic Layout Structure of Example 1
34、. Available area for an entry frame with reverse order . Example 1 . Generic Logical Structure of Example 2 Specific Structures of Example 2 . Formatted Table of Example 2 . Placement of Entry Frame within Grid Rectangle . Overflow of Table Contents . Table with Raster Contents Generic Logical Struc
35、ture of Example 5 B.10 B.ll Layout of Example 5 B . 12 Indentation B.13 Cut-in heads . B.14 Specific Logical Structure of Example 5 . Redundant duplication of table headings . B.15 Reference Line Alignment . ITU-T Rec . T.421(1994 E) Page 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 32 37 38 39 46 46 48 49 50 58 62 64 71
36、 72 73 78 93 94 95 96 96 97 109 111 112 117 120 121 125 126 129 V ITU-T RECMN*T*423 94 4862593 0599037 9T9 List of Tables Page 1 Types of grid construction expression . 23 2 37 Positions of grid origins and grid reference points vi ITU-T Rec. T.421(1994 E) Summary This Recommendation I International
37、 Standard: - defines a document architecture, in order to allow presentation and processing of tabular material, that can be used in conjunction with the document architecture defined in Recommendation T.412 (1993); - defines two types of components, the grid logical component and the grid frame com
38、ponent, which are characterized by association with grids; defines the layout attributes and layout directive attributes, in order to allow representation of tabular layout, applicable to this document architecture; - - defines the presentation attributes, in order to allow presentation of tabular l
39、ayout, applicable to the content architectures defined in Recommendation T.416 (1993), Recommendation T.417 (1993) and Recommendation T.418 (1993); - describes reference models of the document layout process and the document imaging process which, together with the document processing model describe
40、d in Recommendation T.412 (1993), determine representation and presentation of tabular layout. ITU-T Rec. T.421(1994 E) vii Foreword This Recommendation I International Standard was prepared as a joint publication by ITU Study Group 8 and ISOIEC Joint Technical Committee 1. At present, the ITU-T Set
41、 of Recommendations in the T.410-Series I International Standard ISOIEC 8613 consists of - Introduction and general principies; - Document structures; - Document profile; - Open document interchange formats; - Character content architectures; - Raster graphics content architectures; - Geometric grap
42、hics content architectures; - Formal specification of the Open Document Architecture (FODA) (The formal specification is applicable to ISO/IEC 8613 only.) Further Recommendations I International Standards may be added to this series of ITU-T Recommendations i International Standards. Development of
43、this series of ITU-T Recommendations i International Standards was originally in parallel with the ECMA 101 standard: Open Document Architecture. This series of ITU-T Recommendations I International Standards is a new edition of the CCITT T.410-Series of Recommendations (1988) and IS0 8613 (1989). S
44、ignificant technical changes are the inclusion of the following amendments as agreed by ITU and ISOLEC: - Alternative Representation; - - Colour; - Conformance Testing Annex: - - Security; - Streams; - Styles; - Tiled Raster Graphics. Annex on use of MHSMOTIS; Document Application Profile, Proforma
45、and Notation; In addition, a number of technical corrigenda have been applied to this Recommendation I International Standard. This ITU-T Recommendation I International Standard contains two annexes: - - Annex B - Examples. Annex A - Formal definition of tabular structures and tabular layout. viii I
46、TU-T Rec. T.421(1994 E) ITU-7 RECMN*T-421 74 4862571 0577040 473 = ISO/IEC 8613-11 : 1995 (E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - OPEN DOCUMENT ARCHITECTURE (ODA) AND INTERCHANGE FORMAT: TABULAR STRUCTURES AND TABULAR LAYOUT 1 Scope The purpose of the ITU-T Recommend
47、ation T.410-Series I ISODEC 8613 is to facilitate the interchange of documents. In the context of these Recommendations I International Standards, documents are considered to be items such as memoranda, letters, invoices, forms and reports, which may include pictures and tabular material. The conten
48、t elements used within the documents may include graphic characters, raster graphic elements and geometric graphic elements, all potentially within one document. NOTE - These Recommendations I International Standards are designed to allow for extensions, including typographical features, colour, spr
49、eadsheets and additional types of content such as sound. In addition to the content type defined in these Recommendations I International Standards, ODA also provides for arbitrary content types to be included in documents. These Recommendations I International Standards apply to the interchange of documents by means of data communica- tions or the exchange of storage media. These Recommendations i International Standards provide for the interchange of documents for either or both of the following purposes: - - to allow presentation as intended by the originator; to allow pr
