1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU=T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU X.412 (06/99) SERIES X: DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS Message Handling Systems Information technology - Message Handling System (MHS) - MHS Routing ITU-T Recommendation X.412 (Previously CCITT
2、Recommendation) ITU-T X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS Services and facilities Interfaces Transmission, signalling and switching Network aspects Maintenance Administrative arrangements OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION Model and notation Service d
3、efinitions Connection-mode protocol specifications Connectionless-mode protocol specifications PICS proformas Protocol Identification Security Protocols Layer Managed Objects Conformance testing INTERWORKING BETWEEN NETWORKS General (1 X. 1-X. 19 X.20-X.49 X.50-X.89 X.90-X. 149 X.150-X.179 X.180-X.1
4、99 X.200-X.209 X.210-X.219 X.220-X.229 X.230-X.239 X.240-X.259 X.260-X.269 X.270-X.279 X.280-X.289 X.290-X.299 X.300-X.349 Satellite data trans I X.500-X.599 11 DIRECTORY OS1 NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS Networking Efficiency Quality of service Naming, Addressing and Registration Abstract Syntax No
5、tation One (ASN. i) Systems Management framework and architecture Management Communication Service and Protocol Structure of Management Information Management functions and ODMA functions OS1 MANAGEMENT SECURITY OS1 APPLICATIONS Commitment, Concurrency and Recovery Transaction processing Remote oper
6、ations OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING X.600-X.629 X.630-X. 63 9 X.640-X.649 X.650-X.679 X.680-X. 699 X.700-X.709 X.7 1 O-X.7 19 X.720-X.729 X.730-X.799 X.800-X.849 X.850-X.859 X.860-X.879 X.8 80-X. 8 99 X.900-X.999 Forfurther details, please rtfer to ITU-T List of Recommendations. INTERNATIONAL STANDAR
7、D 10021-10 ITU-T RECOMMENDATION X.412 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS (MHS) - MHS ROUTING Summary This Recommendation I International Standard defines a method for routing messages through the Message Handling System (MHS). Source The ITU-T Recommendation X.412 was approved on the
8、18 June 1999. The identical text is also published as ISO/IEC International Standard 10021-10. ITU-T Rec. X.412 (1999 E) i FOREWORD ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommuni- cations. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sec
9、tor (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which
10、meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. In some areas of information t
11、echnology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. INTE
12、LLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property R
13、ights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, impl
14、ementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. O ITU 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including ph
15、otocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. 11 ITU-T Rec. X.412 (1999 E) CONTENTS Scope Normative references 2.1 Presentation references 2.2 Directory references 2.4 Country Code references . 2.5 Additional references . Definitions 3.1 MHS-routing definitions . 3.2 MHS defi
16、nitions 2.3 Message Handling references 3.3 Directory definitions Abbreviations Conventions 5.1 Conventions for routing model specification 5.2 General font conventions . 5.3 Font conventions for ASN . 1 definitions 5.4 Rules for ASN.l definitions MHS-routing Overview 6.1 Operational characteristics
17、 6.2 Components of the model 6.2.1 Routing-collective . 6.2.3 Connection-group 6.2.4 OR- addres s - sub tree . 6.2.6 Local use tables . 6.4 Directory organization . 6.5 Authentication principles . 6.2.2 Routing-MTA 6.2.5 Routing-advice 6.3 Routing decision overview Routing-collective-subtree 7.1 Obj
18、ect classes Routing Collective object class . Routing MTA object class . Connection Group object class MTA Information object class . 7.2 Attribute types . Routing Collective attribute types . Routing MTA attribute types . Connection Group attribute types MTA Information attribute types 7.3 Name for
19、ms . OR- addres s - sub tree . 8.1 OR-address Element object class 8.2 OR-address Element attribute types 8.2.2 Expression Matches . 8.2.3 Next Level Complete . 8.2.4 Recipient MD Assigned Alternate Recipient 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 8.2.1 Routing Advice ITU-T Rec . X.412 (199
20、9 E) Page 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 7 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 16 17 17 17 17 17 19 20 20 . 111 9 10 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 OR-address Element subclasses 8.3.1 OR-address Subtree Base object class . 8.3.2 8.3.3 Mnemonic OR-address object classes . 8.3.4 8.3.5 Numeric
21、OR-address object classes . 8.3.6 Postal OR-address object classes . OR-address Element Names 8.4.1 Common OR-address Element Names 8.4.2 Mnemonic OR-address Element Names 8.4.3 Terminal OR-address Element Names 8.4.4 Numeric OR-address Element Names . 8.4.5 Postal OR-address Element Names . Generat
22、ion of OR-address-element attributes . OR-address-subtree name forms . Common OR-address object classes Terminal OR-address object classes Procedures 9.1 Routing-MTA procedures . 9.1.1 Amendment to the Front-end procedure 9.1.2 Routing-decision procedure . 9.1.3 OR-address-subtree-read procedure 9.1
23、.4 Local-delivery-evaluation procedure . 9.1.5 Routing-knowledge-acquisition procedure 9.1.6 MTA-bind-in procedure 9.1.7 MTA-bind-out procedure 9.1.8 Trace verification step . 9.2 Administrative procedures . 9.2.1 Routing-MTA configuration 9.2.2 OR-address-subtree construction . Conformance 10.1 Rou
24、ting-MTA conformance 10.2 Administrative DUA conformance 10.3 DSA conformance . Annex A . Reference Definition of Object Identifiers . Annex B . Reference Definition of MHS-routing Directory Objects . Annex C . Reference Definition of MHS-routing OR-address-subtree Annex D . OR-address-subtree struc
25、ture D . 1 D.2 D.3 D.4 D.5 iv Common OR-address elements . D . 1.1 MHS Country D.1.2 MHS ADMD . D . 1.3 MHS PRMD Mnemonic OR-address elements . D.2.1 MHS Organization D.2.2 MHS Organizational Unit D.2.3 MHS Common Name D.2.4 MHS Surname . D.2.5 MHS Given Name . D.2.6 MHS Initials D.2.7 MHS Generatio
26、n Qualifier Terminal OR-address elements . D.3.1 MHS Network Address . D.3.2 MHS Terminal Identifier . D.3.3 MHS Terminal Type Numeric OR-address elements Postal OR-address elements D.5.1 MHS PDS Name . D.5.2 MHS Physical Delivery Country . D.5.3 MHS Postal Code ITU-T Rec . X.412 (1999 E) Page 20 20
27、 20 21 21 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 29 31 31 35 37 38 39 39 39 41 41 41 41 42 44 47 54 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 56 56 56 56 57 57 57 57 57 58 58 58 58 58 Annex E . Example of extension to the OR-address-subtree schema for MHS Network Address Network address subfield object classes Networ
28、k address subfield Element Names Network address subfield name forms Network address subfield structure rules . Annex F - MHS-routing example applications . F.l Simple PRMD . F.2 Large PRMD with autonomous departments F.3 Internal use by ADMDs . F.4 Public access in a community Annex G - Routing kno
29、wledge acquisition example Annex H - Profile and Connection-group Identifiers . H.l Common Profiles . H.2 ISP profiles H.3 Common profile connection-groups Annex I - Glossary of terms . Index E.l E.2 E.3 E.4 ITU-T Rec . X.412 (1999 E) Page 59 59 59 59 60 61 61 61 62 62 64 65 65 65 66 67 68 V Introdu
30、ction This Recommendation I International Standard is one of a series of Recommendations I International Standards defining Message Handling in a distributed open systems environment. Message Handling provides for the exchange of messages between users on a store-and-forward basis. A message submitt
31、ed by one user (the originator) is transferred through the message-transfer-system (MTS) and delivered to one or more other users (the recipients). This Recommendation I International Standard defines a method for routing messages through the Message Handling System (MHS). This Recommendation I Inte
32、rnational Standard has been produced by joint ITU-T - ISO/IEC agreement. The corres- ponding documents are ITU-T Rec. X.412 and ISO/IEC 10021-10. vi ITU-T Rec. X.412 (1999 E) ISO/lEC 10021-10 : 1999 (E) UVTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS (MH
33、S) - MHS ROUTING 1 Scope This Recommendation I International Standard specifies the means by which messages are routed through the MHS, and supplements the procedures defined in 14.3 of ITU-T Rec. X.411 I ISO/IEC 10021-4. Other Recommendations I parts of ISO/IEC 10021 define other aspects of the MHS
34、. ITU-T Rec. F.400/X.400 I ISO/IEC 10021-1 defines the user-oriented services provided by the MHS. ITU-T Rec. X.402 I ISO/IEC 10021-2 provides an architectural overview of the MHS. ITU-T Rec. X.411 I ISO/IEC 10021-4 defines the abstract-service of the Message Transfer System. 2 Normative references
35、The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation I International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to r
36、evision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation I International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendation and Standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International S
37、tandards. The Telecommunications Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. 2.1 Presentation references This Recommendation I International Standard cites the following Presentation specifications: - ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (1997) I ISO/IEC 8824-1
38、: 1998, Information technology -Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1): Spec ijication of basic notation. ITU-T Recommendation X.68 1 (1997) I ISO/IEC 8824-2: 1998, Information technology -Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1): Information object specification. - 2.2 Directory references This Recomme
39、ndation I International Standard cites the following Directory specifications: - ITU-T Recommendation X.500 (1997) I ISO/IEC 9594-1: 1998, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Overview of concepts, models, and services. ITU-T Recommendation X.501 (1997) I ISO/IEC 95
40、94-2: 1998, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Models. ITU-T Recommendation X.520 (1997) I ISO/IEC 9594-6: 1998, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Selected attribute types. - - - ITU-T Recommendation X.521 (1997) I ISO/IEC 9594
41、-7: 1998, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Selected object classes. ITU-T Rec. X.412 (1999 E) 1 ISO/lEC 10021-10 : 1999 (E) 2.3 Message Handling references This Recommendation I International Standard cites the following Message Handling System specifications: -
42、 ITU-T Recommendation F.400/X.400 (1999), Message handling services: Message handling system and service overview. ISOIIEC 10021-1: 1999, Information technology - Message Handling Systems (MHS) - Part 1: System and service overview. ITU-T Recommendation X.402 (1999) I ISOIIEC 10021-2: 1999, Informat
43、ion technology - Message Handling Systems (MHS): Overall architecture. ITU-T Recommendation X.411 (1999) I ISOIIEC 10021-4: 1999, Information technology - Message Handling Systems (MHS): Message transfer system: Abstract service definition and procedures. - - 2.4 Country Code references This Recomme
44、ndation I International Standard cites the following Country Code specifications: - IS0 3166-1: 1997, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country codes. ITU-T Recommendation X. 121 (1996), International number plan for public data networks. - 2.5 Addit
45、ional references This Recommendation I International Standard cites the following specification: - ISOIIEC 9945-2: 1993, Information technology - Portable Operating System Inte$ace (POSIX) - Part 2: Shell and Utilities. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Recommendation I International Standard,
46、the following definitions apply. 3.1 MHS-routing definitions The following terms are defined in clauses 6 and 7 of this Recommendation I International Standard: - connection-group - entry-connection-group - enumerated connection-group - indirect-exit-connection-group - key-routing-collective - local
47、-exit-connection-group - local-use-tables - MHS-routing - next-MTA - OR-address-element - OR-address-subtree - routing-advice - routing-collective - routing-collective-subtree - routing-MTA - transit-exit-connection-group - unenumerated connection-group A glossary of these terms appears in annex I.
48、2 ITU-T Rec. X.412 (1999 E) ISO/lEC 10021-10 : 1999 (E) 3.2 MHS definitions The following terms are defined in ITU-T Rec. X.402 I ISO/IEC 10021-2: - Administration Management Domain (ADMD) - Management Domain (MD) - Message Handling System (MHS) - Message Transfer Agent (MTA) - Message Transfer Syst
49、em (MTS) - Originatorh-ecipient Address (OR-address) - Private Management Domain (PRMD) - Reliable Transfer Service Element (RTSE) For the purposes of this Recommendation I International Standard, the term message, where used unqualified, refers generically to a message, probe, or report. 3.3 Directory definitions The following terms are defined in ITU-T Rec. X.501 I ISO/IEC 9594-2: - Directory Information Tree (DIT) - Directory System Agent (DSA) - Directory User Agent (DUA) - Relative Distinguished Name (RDN) 4 Abbreviations The abbreviations used in this Recommendation I Internationa
