1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T X.660TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (08/2008) SERIES X: DATA NETWORKS, OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURITY OSI networking and system aspects Naming, Addressing and Registration Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Proce
2、dures for the operation of OSI Registration Authorities: General procedures and top arcs of the International Object Identifier tree ITU-T Recommendation X.660 ITU-T X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS, OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURITY PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS Services and facilities X.1X.19 I
3、nterfaces X.20X.49 Transmission, signalling and switching X.50X.89 Network aspects X.90X.149 Maintenance X.150X.179 Administrative arrangements X.180X.199 OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION Model and notation X.200X.209 Service definitions X.210X.219 Connection-mode protocol specifications X.220X.229 Conn
4、ectionless-mode protocol specifications X.230X.239 PICS proformas X.240X.259 Protocol Identification X.260X.269 Security Protocols X.270X.279 Layer Managed Objects X.280X.289 Conformance testing X.290X.299 INTERWORKING BETWEEN NETWORKS General X.300X.349 Satellite data transmission systems X.350X.36
5、9 IP-based networks X.370X.379 MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS X.400X.499DIRECTORY X.500X.599 OSI NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS Networking X.600X.629 Efficiency X.630X.639 Quality of service X.640X.649 Naming, Addressing and Registration X.650X.679 Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) X.680X.699 OSI MANAGE
6、MENT Systems Management framework and architecture X.700X.709 Management Communication Service and Protocol X.710X.719 Structure of Management Information X.720X.729 Management functions and ODMA functions X.730X.799 SECURITY X.800X.849 OSI APPLICATIONS Commitment, Concurrency and Recovery X.850X.85
7、9 Transaction processing X.860X.879 Remote operations X.880X.889 Generic applications of ASN.1 X.890X.899 OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING X.900X.999 TELECOMMUNICATION SECURITY X.1000 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. ITU-T Rec. X.660 (08/2008) i INTERNATIONAL STANDA
8、RD ISO/IEC 9834-1 ITU-T RECOMMENDATION X.660 Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Procedures for the operation of OSI Registration Authorities: General procedures and top arcs of the International Object Identifier tree Summary ITU-T Recommendation X.660 | ISO/IEC 9834-1 defines a gen
9、eric registration-hierarchical-name-tree (RH-name-tree) and a specific form of this RH-name-tree that supports international object identifiers (OIDs). It includes registration of the top-level arcs of the OID tree. It also specifies procedures for the operation of an International Registration Auth
10、ority for use, when needed, by other Recommendations and/or International Standards. For easy reference, and to emphasize that this tree is an extended form of the original OID tree (defined in earlier versions of this Recommendation | International Standard), this specific RH-name-tree can be refer
11、red to as “the international OID tree“, or more commonly as just “the OID tree“. The OID tree (defined as the International Object Identifier Tree) specified in this edition is a superset of the original OID tree, which did not support Unicode labels (names of arcs in any language, using the Unicode
12、 character set). The original OID tree required all arcs to be unambiguously identified by a primary integer value, with the use for human readability of (not necessarily unambiguous) secondary identifiers (restricted to the Latin alphabet). Secondary identifiers were not normally carried in protoco
13、ls or used for machine identification. The International Object Identifier tree extends this by allowing an arc to also be unambiguously identified by a Unicode label (a string of Unicode characters) that can be carried in protocols and can be used for machine identification. The primary integers an
14、d secondary identifiers of the International Object Identifier tree continue to be used in encoding (primary integers only) and value notation (primary integers and secondary identifiers) of the ASN.1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER type, which is unchanged. The Unicode labels can only be used in encodings and va
15、lue notation of the ASN.1 OID-IRI type, and in the specification of an IRI or URI (see IETF RFC 3987). It also provides recommendations on an appropriate fee structure for registration of lower level arcs (see clause 11). Source ITU-T Recommendation X.660 was approved on 29 August 2008 by ITU-T Stud
16、y Group 17 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. An identical text is also published as ISO/IEC 9834-1. ii ITU-T Rec. X.660 (08/2008) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information
17、and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide
18、basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Re
19、solution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administrati
20、on and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions a
21、re met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the p
22、ossibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of t
23、he Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest inf
24、ormation and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. ITU-T Rec. X.660 (08/2008) iii CONTENTS Pag
25、e 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards . 1 2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content. 2 2.3 Additional references. 2 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Organization definition. 2 3.2 OSI reference model terms 3 3.3 A
26、pplication layer structure terms 3 3.4 ASN.1 terms 3 3.5 Directory terms. 3 3.6 Unicode terms 3 3.7 Additional definitions 4 4 Abbreviations 6 5 Notation . 6 6 Registration. 6 6.1 Overview. 6 6.2 Management of the registration naming domain 7 6.3 Operation 7 7 Registration-hierarchical-names 7 7.1 T
27、he generic RH-name-tree 7 7.2 The specific RH-name-tree for OIDs. 8 8 International Registration Authorities . 10 8.1 Requirement for an International Registration Authority . 10 8.2 Operation of International Registration Authorities 10 8.3 Sponsoring Authorities. 11 9 Contents of registration proc
28、edures for objects of a particular type . 11 10 Progression of registration procedures for objects of a particular type . 12 11 Recommended fee structure 13 Annex A The top-level arcs of the OID tree 14 A.1 General . 14 A.2 Assignment of primary integer values, Unicode labels and secondary identifie
29、rs to root arcs 14 A.3 Assignment of primary integer values, Unicode labels and secondary identifiers to arcs administered by ITU-T. 14 A.4 Assignment of primary integer values, Unicode labels and secondary identifiers to arcs administered by ISO 16 A.5 Assignment of OID components jointly administe
30、red by ISO and ITU-T . 18 A.6 Assignment of additional Unicode labels and secondary identifiers to the root arcs 18 A.7 Assignment of additional Unicode labels from the root to lower-level arcs (long arcs) 20 A.8 Publication of register entries requiring joint ITU-T and ISO approval 21 Annex B Deriv
31、ation of Directory names. 22 Annex C Derivation together of object identifiers and Directory names 24 Annex D Object identifier based Directory names 25 D.1 Transformation of object identifiers into Directory names . 25 D.2 The use of object-identifier-based Directory names 25 Annex E References to
32、this Recommendation | International Standard . 27 iv ITU-T Rec. X.660 (08/2008) Page Annex F The IETF “oid“ URI/IRI scheme 29 F.1 General . 29 F.2 Information provided to IANA for registration of the “oid“ scheme name. 29 F.3 Syntax of IRIs in the “oid“ IRI scheme, specified using ASN.1 BNF. 30 F.4
33、Syntax of IRIs in the “oid“ URI/IRI scheme using ABNF 31 F.5 Semantics of IRIs in the “oid“ IRI scheme 31 Bibliography . 32 ISO/IEC 9834-1:2008 (E) ITU-T Rec. X.660 (08/2008) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Procedures for the operatio
34、n of OSI Registration Authorities: General procedures and top arcs of the International Object Identifier tree 1 Scope This Recommendation | International Standard: a) specifies a registration-hierarchical-name-tree (RH-name-tree) which is a generic tree structure for allocations made by a hierarchi
35、cal structure of Registration Authorities, and the specific form of this that supports the ASN.1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER type and the ASN.1 OID-IRI type (see ITU-T Rec. X.680 | ISO/IEC 8824-1); b) registers top-level arcs of the international object identifier tree; c) specifies procedures which are gener
36、ally applicable to registration in the context of any RH-name-tree; d) provides guidelines for the establishment and operation of International Registration Authorities for use, when needed, by other Recommendations and/or International Standards; e) provides guidelines for additional Recommendation
37、s | International Standards which choose to reference the procedures in this Recommendation | International Standard; f) provides a recommended fee structure for lower-level Registration Authorities; g) records the information provided to IETF and the registration with IANA of the “oid“ IRI scheme (
38、see Annex F). NOTE 1 This Recommendation | International Standard does not exclude or disallow the use of any syntactic form of names or naming domains for registration purposes. This Recommendation | International Standard is intended to cover those cases where a registration-hierarchical-name is a
39、n appropriate form of identification. NOTE 2 Information about registration for specific objects is contained in separate Recommendations | International Standards. This Recommendation | International Standard applies to registration by Recommendations and/or International Standards, by Internationa
40、l Registration Authorities (see clause 8), and by any other Registration Authority. 2 Normative references The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At the
41、 time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations
42、 and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards ITU-T Recommen
43、dation X.207 (1993) | ISO/IEC 9545:1994, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Application layer structure. ITU-T Recommendation X.500 (2008) | ISO/IEC 9594-1:2008, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services. ITU-T Recom
44、mendation X.501 (2005) | ISO/IEC 9594-2:2005, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Models. ITU-T Recommendation X.520 (2005) | ISO/IEC 9594-6:2005, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Selected attribute types. ITU-T Recommendation X.650 (1
45、996) | ISO/IEC 7498-3:1997, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model: Naming and addressing. ISO/IEC 9834-1:2008 (E) 2 ITU-T Rec. X.660 (08/2008) ITU-T Recommendation X.662 (2008) | ISO/IEC 9834-3:2008, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Procedures f
46、or the operation of OSI Registration Authorities: Registration of object identifier arcs beneath the top-level arc jointly administered by ISO and ITU-T. ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:2008, Information technology Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notat
47、ion. ITU-T Recommendation X.681 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8824-2:2008, Information technology Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Information object specification. ITU-T Recommendation X.690 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8825-1:2008, Information technology ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BE
48、R), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER), and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER). ITU-T Recommendation X.722 (1992) | ISO/IEC 10165-4:1992, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Structure of management information: Guidelines for the definition of managed objects. 2.2 Paired Recommendations
49、| International Standards equivalent in technical content ITU-T Recommendation F.400/X.400 (1999), Message handling system and service overview. ISO/IEC 10021-1:2003, Information technology Message Handling Systems (MHS) Part 1: System and service overview. 2.3 Additional references ITU-T Recommendation X.121 (2000), International numbering plan for public data networks. IETF RFC 3987 (2005), Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs). ISO 3166-1:2006, Code
