1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UN ION ITU=T TELECOMMUN KATION STAN DARD I ZAT I O N S E CTO R OF ITU X.861 (1 2/97) SERIES X: DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COM M U N I CATI ON OS1 applications - Transaction processing Open Systems Interconnection - Distributed transaction process i ng : Servi ce de
2、f i ni ti on ITU-T Recommendation X.861 (Previously CCITT Recommendation) STD-ITU-T RECMN X*BbZ-ENGL 1997 D 48b2591 Ob4b035 702 I PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS Services and facilities Interfaces Transmission, signalling and switching Network aspects Maintenance Administrative arrangements OPEN SYSTEM INTERCO
3、NNECTION Model and notation Service definitions Connection-mode protocol specifications Connectionless-mode protocol specifications PICS proformas Protocol Identification Security Protocols Layer Managed Objects Conformance testing INTERWORKING BETWEEN NETWORKS General Satellite data transmission sy
4、stems MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS DIRECTORY OS1 NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS Networking Efficiency Quality of service Naming, Addressing and Registration Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1) OS1 MANAGEMENT Systems Management framework and architecture Management Communication Service and Protocol Str
5、ucture of Management Information Management functions and ODMA functions SECURITY OS1 APPLICATIONS ITU-T X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATION Commitment, Concurrency and Recovery Transaction processing Remote operations OPEN DISTRTBUTED PROCESSING X. 1-X. 19 X.20-X.49
6、 X.50-X.89 X.90-X. 149 X. 150-X. 179 X. 1 80-X. 199 X.200-X.209 X.210-X.219 X.220-X.229 X.230-X.239 X.240-X.259 X.260-X.269 X.270-X.279 X.280-X.289 X.290-X.299 X.300-X.349 X.350-X.399 X.400-X.499 X.500-X.599 X.600-X.629 X.630-X.639 X .640-X . 649 X.650-X.679 X.680-X.699 X .700-X. 709 X .7 1 O-X.7 19
7、 X.720-X.729 X.730-X.799 X.800-X . 849 X.850-X.859 79 X.880-X.899 X.900-X.999 For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations. ITU-T RECOMMENDATION X.861 OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION - DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION PROCESSING: SERVICE DEFINITION Summary This Recommendation defines in an
8、 abstract way the Distributed Transaction Processing service within the Application layer in terms of the actions and events of the service primitives, the parameter data associated with each service primitives action and event, and the relationship between, and the valid sequences of these actions
9、and events. Source ITU-T Recommendation X.86 1 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 7 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 12th of December 1997. Recommendation X.861 (12/97) i FOREWORD ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized
10、 Agency in the field of telecommuni- cations. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications
11、on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is
12、covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness
13、to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS The IT draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no posi
14、tion concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, p
15、rotected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. O ITU 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
16、reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. 11 Recommendation X.861 (12197) CONTENTS 1 Scope 2 Normative references . 2.1 2.2 Identical Recommendations I International Standards Paired
17、 Recommendations I International Standards equivalent in technical content 3 Definitions 4 Abbreviations . 5 Conventions . 5.1 Service conventions 5.2 Usage of the term transaction . 5.3 Usage of italics for notations 6 Overview ofthe OS1 TP service 7 Service facilities . 7.1 Functional unit descrip
18、tions 7.2 Services contained in functional units 7.3 Service for modelling data transfer . 7.4 7.5 Structure of service descriptions . Effects of dialogue termination . 8 9 Data transfer . Overview of data transfer . Data transfer service -TP-DATA . Service primitives and their parameters . 9.1 9.2
19、10 The Dialogue functional unit 10.1 Overview of the Dialogue functional unit 10.2 Dialogue Establishment service - TP-BEGIN-DIALOGUE 10.3 Dialogue Termination service - TP-END-DIALOGUE . 10.4 10.5 User Abort service - TP-U-ABORT 10.6 Provider Abort service - TP-P-ABORT . The Shared Control function
20、al unit 11.1 Overview of the Shared Control functional unit . The Polarized Control functional unit 12.1 Overview of the Polarized Control functional unit . 12.2 Grant Control service - TP-GRANT-CONTROL 12.3 Request Control service - TP-REQUEST-CONTROL The Handshake functional unit 13.1 Overview of
21、the Handshake functional unit . 13.2 Handshake service - TP-HANDSHAKE . 13.3 Handshake and Grant Control service - TP-HANDSHAKE-AND-GRANT-CONTROL User Error Reporting service - TP-U-ERROR . 11 i2 13 Recommendation X.861 (12/97) Page 1 2 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 10 10 11 12 14 14 14 15 15 16 21 23 25 28 29
22、29 30 30 30 31 33 33 33 35 . 111 14 The commitment-related functional units 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 14.10 14.1 1 14.12 14.13 14.14 14.15 14.16 14.17 14.18 14.19 14.20 14.21 14.22 14.23 14.24 14.25 14.26 14.27 Introduction summary . Overview of the Chained Transactions functional
23、 unit Overview of the Unchained Transactions functional unit Begin Transaction service - TP-BEGIN-TRANSACTION . Deferred End Dialogue service - TP-DEFERRED-END-DIALOGUE . Deferred Grant Control service - TP-DEFERRED-GRANT-CONTROL . TP-PREPARE request TP-PREPARE indication TP-READY indication TP-COMM
24、IT request . TP-COMMIT indication . TP-DONE request . TP-COMMIT-COMPLETE indication . TP-ROLLBACK request TP-ROLLBACK indication TP-ROLLBACK-COMPLETE indication Heuristic Reporting service - TP-HEURISTIC-REPORT indication TP-READ-ONLY request TP-READ-ONLY indication TP-EARLY-EXIT request TP-EARLY-EX
25、IT indication TP-ONE-PHASE request TP-ONE-PHASE indication . TP-UNKNOWN indication TP-UNKNOWN-COMPLETE indication TP-COMPLETION-REPORT indication . Annex A . Service state table . A.l Overview A.3 Variables . A.4 Actions AS Node Crash . A.6 Keys A.7 Blank intersections A.8 Node Contingency Table A.9
26、 Service State Table . Annex B - Summary of changes to the third edition . A.2 Dialogue states Page 37 37 37 43 43 43 45 47 48 50 51 52 53 54 56 57 58 59 60 61 63 64 65 66 68 69 69 70 72 72 72 74 78 85 85 86 86 88 136 iv Recommendation X.861 (12/97) Introduction This Recommendation is one of a set o
27、f Standards produced to facilitate the interconnection of computer systems. It is related to other Recommendations and International Standards in the set as defined by the Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnection (see ITU-T Rec. X.200 I ISODEC 7498-1). The Reference Model subdivides the area
28、 of standardization for interconnection into a series of layers of specification, each of manageable size. The aim of Open Systems Interconnection is to allow, with a minimum of technical agreement outside the interconnection standards, the interconnection of computer systems: a) from different manu
29、facturers; b) under different management; c) d) of different technologies. The IT-T X.860-Series Recommendations and of different levels of complexity; and SOEC 0026 defines an OS1 TP Model, an OS1 TP service an specifies an OS1 TP Protocol available within the Application Layer of the OS1 Reference
30、 Model. The OS1 TP service is an Application Layer service. It is concerned with information which can be related as distributed transactions, which involve two or more open systems. This Recommendation defines a basic OS1 TP service. It provides sufficient facilities to support transaction processi
31、ng, and establishes a framework for coordination across multiple TP resources in separate open systems. This Recommendation does not specify the interface to local resources or access facilities that are provided within the local system. However, future enhancement of the Recommendation may deal wit
32、h these issues. Recommendation X.861 (12197) V Recommendation X.861 OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION - DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION PROCESSING: SERVICE DEFINITION1 (revised in 1997) 1 Scope This Recommendation defines in an abstract way the Distributed Transaction Processing service within the Application La
33、yer in terms of: a) b) c) It does not specifi individual implementations or products, nor does it constrain the implementation of entities or interfaces within a computer system. the actions and events of the service primitives; the parameter data associated with each service primitives action and e
34、vent; and the relationship between, and the valid sequences of these actions and events. 2 Normative references The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication,
35、 the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the c
36、urrently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. 2.1 - ITU-T Recommendation X.200 (1 994) I ISODEC 7498- 1 : 1994, Information technology - Open Systems - ITU-T Recommendation X.2 1 O (1993) I ISOIEC 1073 1 : 1994, Information technology - Open Systems - ITU-T Recommendation X.217 (1995)
37、 I ISOAEC 8649:1996, Information technology - Open Systems - ITU-T Recommendation X.650 (1996) I ISO/IEC 7498-3:1997, Information technology - Open Systems Identical Recommendations I International Standards interconnection - Basic Reference Model: The Basic Model. interconnection - Basic Reference
38、Model: Conventions for the definiiion of OS1 services. interconnection - Service definition for the association control service element. Interconnection - Basic Reference Model: Naming and addressing. 2.2 - Paired Recommendations I International Standards equivalent in technical content ITU-T Recomm
39、endation X.860 (1997), Open Systems Interconnection - Distributed transaction processing: model. ISOIEC 10026-1 : 1992, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Distributed Transaction Processing - Part I: OSI TP Model. ITU-T Recommendation X.862 (1 997), Open Systems Interconnection
40、- Distributed transaction processing: protocol specijcation. ISOIEC 10026-3: 1996, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Distributed Transaction Processing - Part 3: Protocol speciJication. - Recommendation X.86 1 and ISOIIEC 10026-2 “Information technology - Open Systems Interconn
41、ection - Distributed Transaction Processing -Part 2: OS1 TP Service” were developed in close collaboration and are technically aligned. Recommendation X.861 (12197) 1 STD-ITU-T RECMN X*BbL-ENGL 1977 4hb257L UbllbUll2 742 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Recommendation, the definitions given in
42、 IT-T Rec. X.860 I ISO/IEC 10026-1 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 dialogue establishment indication outstanding: A dialogue state in which a TP-BEGIN-DIALOGUE indication with the Confirmation parameter set to “always“ has been issued but has not yet been responded to by a TP-BEGIN-DIALOGUE
43、 response. 3.2 dialogue establishment request outstanding: A dialogue state in which a TP-BEGiN-DIALOGUE request with the Confirmation parameter set to “always“ has been issued but has not yet been responded to by a TPBEGIN- DIALOGUE confirm. 3.3 dialogue termination indication outstanding: A dialog
44、ue state in which a TP-END-DIALOGUE indication with the Confirmation parameter set to “true“ has been issued while there is no user error request outstanding, but has not yet been responded to by a TP-END-DIALOGUE response, or by a TP-U-ERROR request. 3.4 dialogue termination request outstanding: A
45、dialogue state in which a TP-END-DIALOGUE request with the Confirmation parameter set to “true“ has been issued, but has not yet been responded to by a TP-END-DIALOGUE confirm, or by a TP-U-ERROR indication. 3.5 - exclusive branch: A transaction branch on which one of the following is true: the dial
46、ogue is with the superior, ready can be sent, and either: ready cannot be received; or the dialogue is with a subordinate, ready can be sent, ready cannot be received, and either: there is tree checking at the node; - the Read-only functional unit is not selected and the Early-exit functional unit i
47、s not selected; or the dialogue is with a subordinate and the coordination level is “one-phase commitment“ and either: there is tree checking at the node; or - the Read-only functional unit is not selected and the Early-exit functional unit is not selected; or 0 there is tree checking at the node; a
48、nd if the Unchained Transactions functional unit is selected, none of the following service primitives have been issued during the current transaction: TP-READY indication, TP-READ-ONLY indication, TP-ONE-PHASE indication, or TP-EARLY-EXIT indication. 3.6 handshake indication outstanding: A dialogue
49、 state in which one of the following service primitives: - TP-HANDSHAKE indication; - TP-HANDSHAKE-AND-GRANT-CONTROL indication, has been issued while there is no user error request outstanding, but has not yet been responded to by one of the following service primitives (respectively): - TP-HANDSHAKE response; - TP-HANDSHAKE-AND-GRANT-CONTROL response; or by a TP-U-ERROR request, or, if the dialogue is coordinated, by a TP-EARLY-EXIT request or a TP-EARLY-EXIT indication or any rollback-initiating service primitive. 3.7 handshake request outstanding: A dialogue s
