1、 KSKSKSKS KSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS B ISO 12714 KS B ISO 12714:2008 2008 8 25 http:/www.kats.go.krKS B ISO 12714:2008 : ( ) ( ) ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ： 2002 10 21 ： 2008 8 25 2008-0437 ： ： ( 025097270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS B ISO 12714:2008 Non-destructive testin
2、g Acoustic emission inspection Secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors 1999 1 ISO 12714, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission inspection Secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors , . 1 . . (Rayleigh) . (sensor under test： SUT) . 100 kHz 1 MHz . 10 kHz . ( ) . 2 . . ( ) . KS
3、B ISO 12713： 2008, ISO 12716： 2001, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission inspection Vocabulary ASTM E 114 95, Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Testing by the Contact Method ASTM E 1106 86(1992)e1, Standard Method for Primary Calibration of Acoustic Emission Sensors ASTM
4、 E 1316 97b, Standard terminology for Nondestructive Examinations 3 ISO 12716 ASTM E 1316 . KS B ISO 12714:2008 2 3.1 (reference sensor： RS) (ASTM E 1106 KS B ISO 12713 ) . 3.2 3.3 , , 4 AE (acoustic emission) ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) FFT (fast Fourier transform) ISO (Intern
5、ational Organization for Standardization) RS (reference sensor) SUT (sensor under test) 5 5.1 . (NBS ) . . . ( 30 s) ( 20 %) . (8.1 ). 5.2 . . ( ) ( ) . . . , , . , V/m V s/m . KS B ISO 12714:2008 3 . 5.3 (Zac) . . , 50 % , 3 % 2. , . J1(ka) 0 . k 2 f/c , f , c , a 2. . , . , . . 6 6.1 1 . (A) (B) .
6、 (C) (D) . , . (E) . , . , . 6.2 . (A36 ) . 566 , . 180 mm 2 . 400 mm, 180 mm , 0.12 mm(0.06 mm) . ( ) RMS profilometer 3 1 m . RMS KS B ISO 12714:2008 4 4 m . . , . , , . . , (1002) mm . 2 5 MHz . ASTM E 114 . 12 % . 1 2 3 4 2 5 41 cm41 cm19 cm 1 . 7 . 0.1 % . 2 5 MHz . 7 ( ) 0.3 % . . 6.3 . 6 mm 0
7、.10.25 mm . 4 mm , . 100 kHz 1 MHz . , , tone burst KS B ISO 12714:2008 5 generator NBS . , 2 % . 6.4 NBS . , 100 kHz 1 MHz 20 dB . , . 8 5.3 . 6.5 . . , 9.8 N . . 6.6 , 2 . 8 20 MHz 10 10 MHz . 55 s . . 7 7.1 t 0.05 s 2 048 10 . T 102.4 s . 60 s ( 3 4 ). , . . 55 s 10 55 s . 7.2 (FFT) , S(fm) U(fm)
8、 . =10)/2exp()(njjmnmjisfS =10)/2exp()(njjmnmjiufU KS B ISO 12714:2008 6 n ： 2 048 j ： 0, 1, 2, , n 1 sj： j uj： j m ： 0, 1, 2, , n/2 1 fm： m/T, MHz m 1/T 9.76 kHz . sj uj . . )()()()(0mmmmfSfSfUfD = S0(fm) fm ( ) . S0(fm) . 7.3 D(fm) rm m D(fm) . )(mmfDr = )()(arctanmzmzmfDRfDI= Iz, Rz z . wm (dB) .
9、 )(log2010 mmrw = wm m 5, 6 . 7.4 FFT . , . FFT . . )(/(10 njjssnjss = )(/(10 njjuunjuu = sj uj . 0 7. (ramp) . . 4 m . , m m . , m 2 m . KS B ISO 12714:2008 7 D(fm) 0 . D(fm) 0 2 . . 0 2 . 8 8.1 . ( ) . . . , . 55 s . . 30 s . , . 30 s . . . . . 10 kHz . 100 kHz . 10 100 kHz , . . 1 MHz dB . 100 kH
10、z 1 MHz . 8.2 . A： . B： . , A , . . 95 % KS B ISO 12714:2008 8 16 % . B , , (aliasing) . . , . . , 95 % 3 % . . rm 0.16 rm . 0.03 rmax . rmax r . U(rm) . 2/12max2)03.0()16.0()( rrrUmm+= 2/12max2)001.0026.0( rrm+= 2/12max)/(001.0026.0mmrrr += U(rm) rm 16.3 % . U(rm) rm rmin . rmin rmax 20 dB , U(rm)
11、35.5 % . rmin U(rm) . 8.3 U . )(1log2010dB mrUU = U(rmax) 1.5 dB U(rmin) 3.8 dB . 9 3 . 3 95 % U . . 95 % (U 1.5) . 10 2 3 . 4 5 2 3 . 6 8 3 . . KS B ISO 12714:2008 9 2 3 2 (s) (s)KS B ISO 12714:2008 10 4 2 3 5 2 3 (s) (MHz)(radians) KS B ISO 12714:2008 11 6 12.7 mm 7 12.7 mm (MHz)(dB ReU/m) (dB Re
12、U/m) (MHz)KS B ISO 12714:2008 12 8 1.4 mm NBS (MHz)(dB Re U/m) KS B ISO 12714:2008 13 1 ASTM E 650 97, Standard Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic Emission Sensors 2 BRECKENRIDGE, F.R., PROCTOR, T.M., HSU, N.N. and EITZEN, D.G., Some Notions Concerning the Behavior of Transducers, Progress in
13、 Acoustic Emission III(JSNDI), 1986, pp 675 684 3 HSU, N.N. and BRECKENRIDGE, F.R., Characterization and Calibration of Acoustic Emission Sensors, Materials Evaluation, Vol. 39(1), 1981, pp. 60 68 4 BRECKENRIDGE, F.R., TSCHIEGG, C.E. and GREENSPAN, M., Acoustic Emission ： Some Applications of Lambs
14、Problem, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 57(3), 1975, pp 626 631 5 BRECKENRIDGE, F.R. and GREENSPAN, M., Surface Wave Displacement ： Absolute Measurements Using a Capacitive Transducer, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 69(4), 1981, pp 1177 1185 6 BRECKENRIDGE, F.
15、R., Acoustic Emission Transducer Calibration by Means of the Seismic Surface Pulse, Journal of Acoustic Emission, Vol. 1(2), 1982, pp 87 94 7 WALDMEYER, J., Fast Fourier Transform for Step-like Functions： the Synthesis of Three Apparently Different Methods, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and M
16、easurement, Vol. IM 29(1), 1980, pp 36 39 8 BRECKENRIDGE, F.R., WATANABE, T. and HATANO, H., Calibration of Acoustic Emission Transducers： Comparison of Two Methods, Progress in Acoustic Emission (JSNDI), 1982, pp 448458 9 HATANO, H. and MORI, E., Acoustic Emission Transducer and its Absolute Calibration, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 59(2), 1976, pp. 344 349 KS B ISO 12714:2008 14 KS B ISO 12714:2008 . 1 1.1 . . 1.2 2002 ISO 12714 (2008 ) . 2 a) 2003 2008 7 8 KS A 0001( ) . b) , . c) ,
