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2、ptics and optical instruments Microscopes Reference system of polarized light microscopy 1996 1 ISO 8576 Optics and optical instruments Microscopes Reference system of polarized light microscopy . 1. . , . 2. , 3 . n, n n . n n . , n n n n n . n . | n | | n | . n n( , : , : ) . . . n= n= n n= n ( )
3、n= n= n n= n ( ) , n n 1 n n 1 . 3. ( 1 ) 3.1 x, y, z z . , z u . . B ISO 8576: 2006 2 : 1 3.2 ( 2 ) x y . 0 x ( ) (u = 0). 2 3.3 x 0, , v = 0 (4.2 ). (u = 0) . 3.4 ( 3 4 ) . , An( n = 1, 2, 3.) (Berek ). . 0 . . 0 A2 A4 180 . A2 A4 , , 90 . A4 90 A2 . A2 A4 A2 A4 ( ) . : : 0 90 90 90 B ISO 8576: 20
4、06 3 . Berek (1924) Nikitin-Duparc-Reinhardt Reinhardt(1931) R.C. Emmons A1N( ) N( ) I.V. A2H( ) H( ) N.S.A3M( ) A( ) O.V. A4I( ) K( ) O.E.W.A5 M( ) M : v = 0 : w = 90 “ ” . 3 4 4. , , (1) (1) “ ”, “ ”, “ ” “ ” . 4.1 . . . . . , B ISO 8576: 2006 4 . 4.2 ( 5 ) 0 (u = 0) . ( ) . 5 . : v = 0 : w = 90 “
5、 ” . 5 4.3 ( 6 7 ) n n . n n (45) ( ) . 6 7 4.4 ( 8 ) . , (2. ) 45 . , n 135 ( n ), . Berek Ehringhaus ( n 135 ). B ISO 8576: 2006 5 8 4.5 Brace-Khler ( 9 ) Brace-Khler c /10 , . n 90, . n 45 . . =csin 2 . 9 4.6 De Snarmont ( 10 ) De Snarmont /4 . . n 45 n /4 . , . (nm ) . 180w= ( ) = 0 B ISO 8576:
6、2006 6 : (nm) w: () De Snarmont 0 . 10 7 KS B ISO 8576: 2006 , . 1. 1.1 , . 1.2 ISO 8576: 1996 ISO . 2. , , . 3. , , ISO 8576 Optics and optical instruments Microscopes Reference system of polarized light microscopy . 153787 1 92 3(13) (02)26240114 (02)2624 0148 9 http:/ KSKSKSSKSKS KSKS SKS KSKS SKSKS KSKSKSKorean Agency for Technology and Standards http:/www.kats.go.kr KS B ISO 8576: 2006 Optics and optical instruments MicroscopesReference system ofpolarized light microscopyICS 37.020