1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS D ISO 22309 (EDS) KS D ISO 22309:2011 2011 11 28 http:/www.kats.go.krKS D ISO 22309:2011 : ( ) ( ) ( ) : () () : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) : :2011 11 28 2011-0525 : : ( 02-509-7274) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS D ISO 22309:2011 i . ii 1 1 2 1 3 .2
2、 4 .6 5 .7 6 .8 7 .9 7.1 .9 7.2 9 7.3 .10 7.4 k 10 7.5 (matrix effects) 10 7.6 11 7.7 (無標準 ) .11 7.8 11 7.9 13 A( ) .14 B( ) / 16 C( ) 18 C.1 .18 C.2 .18 C.3 .19 D( ) ( ) Mn K(5.894 keV) . 3.29 (resolution) . 3.30 (standardless analysis) k ( / ) X . . 3.31 (sum peaks) (pile-up) . 3.32 (traceability)
3、 , 3.33 (uncertainty) KS D ISO 22309:2011 6 3.34 (validation) . 3.35 X (X-ray absorption) EPMA/EDS SEM/EDS X X 4 4.1 . , . 4.2 . . m . 4.3 . . 4.4 (embedded) . . 1 1/4 m . . . . a) b) 2 ( ) c) d) e) . 2 ASTM E3-019 . 4.5 , (etching) . . (marking) . 4.6 . . . KS D ISO 22309:2011 7 20 nm . , ( : ) . .
4、 . 4.7 . 4.8 KS D ISO 1459518 , (: , ) , . 5 5.1 ( 1 % ) . (KS D ISO 15632 ). 5.2 (: ) . . 5.3 (: 1.486 keV Al K) (: 8.040 keV Cu K) , . . (: Al Cu) K . 1 , . 2 Cu L Cu K Cu LI Cu L Cu L . 5.4 (FWHM) . KS D ISO 15632 ( 10 % ) . . . 1 keV Mn K FWHM 160 eV 135 eV . 5.5 Cu L Cu K (: ) . ( 2/3 ) . KS D
5、ISO 15632 B . 5.6 , - (Duane-Hunt rule) . KS D ISO 22309:2011 8 (bremsstrahlung) SEM . . 6 6.1 ( : 1 % ) . ( 10 kV 25 kV) . a) 1.8 . 8 keV 10 keV 20 kV . b) (1 keV 3 keV) a) ( : 10 kV) . 10 kV Z 24(Cr) Z 29(Cu) K . c) . , , . KS D ISO 14594 . 6.2 . 1 Si-Li 10 000 / (counts/s) 35 % . 250 000 . . 2 .
6、2 SEM . 6.3 . a) EPMA ( 90) . . b) SEM EDS . 0 . 0 KS D ISO 16700 . 6.4 6.2 KS D ISO 22309:2011 9 . 6.5 . X . , . 6.6 . . : , (gain) , , . 6.7 . . , . 6.8 : (take-off angle), , . EDS , 100 eV X . , “ ” (“ ” .) . X . , X “ ” “ ” . 7 7.1 X . . 7.2 ( B )( 9 10 ). , . , , . (KS D ISO 22309:2011 10 A ).
7、, K, L, M . . . . . 20 kV , Z 11 30 K , Z 29 71 L , Z 72 92 M . 7.3 ( ). , (interpolation) . . . , (deconvolution) . . CRM/RM ( 12 ). 7.4 k k . , . . , k “ ” (7.7 ) , . 7.5 (matrix effects) k . ZAF (Z), X (A), (F) . ZAF . “phi-rho-Z” X . ( ) . (normalization) . , 95 % 105 % . 10 . N(b) 3N(b)1/2 N(b)
8、 . , . . WDS . WDS 0.01 % 0.001 %(10 mg/kg) . A.5 . A.6 X . a) X b) c) “KLM” ( 10 11 ) . “KLM” . A.7 , . a) (K, L, M) 3 keV (subsidiary line) . b) ( .) c) 1 %(P K) 0.01 %(Zn K) . Ge 17 %(Se K) 7 %(Ru K) . KS D ISO 22309:2011 15 A.8 , , A.5 A.7 . , . . 1 keV (L ) K , . . WDS . A.9 ( B ). A.10 . . KS
9、D ISO 22309:2011 16 B ( ) / 2 , . 30 eV . 30 eV . . (K, L M) K, L, M . 30 eV . C-K Ca-L N-K Sc-L Ti-L O-K V-L Cr-L F-K Mn-L Fe-L Na-K Zn-L Mg-K As-L Al-K Br-L Rb-L Ta-M Si-K Ta-M Y-L Os-M P-K Zr-L Pt-MAu-M Nb-L Nb-L Hg-M Mo-L Tl-M S-K Mo-L Pb-MTc-L Bi-M Ar-K Ag-L Ag-L Th-M K-K In-L KS D ISO 22309:20
10、11 17 Sc-K Xe-L Ti-K Ba-L Zn-K Re-L As-K Pb-L 2 ( : K, L, L ) . KS D ISO 22309:2011 18 C ( ) C.1 . , . , CRM/RM , . , / . , , , SEM/EPMA kV, , , , , , . kV( , , ), ( , ) / . / , , (pile-up peak) , (interpolation), CRM/RM , , / , , , , C.2 . a) . b) ( C.1 ). 1) (fishbone diagram) 2) c) ( ). d) . KS D
11、 ISO 22309:2011 19 C.3 a) . . 1) 2) 2 3) ANOVA( ) ( E ). b) (bias) . 1) CRM 2) , . 3) . c) KS D ISO 22309:2011 20 D ( ) 97 % . Cr . . ( 50) m ( ) . E.1 CRM NBS 479a , (SD) % % 1(SD) % Fe 70.5 69.6 70.3 0.27 71.0 Cr 19.7 18.9 19.3 0.27 18.1 Ni 10.3 10.6 10.5 0.10 10.9 E.2 NIST WDS 6 EDS . E.2 . WDS Cr Ni 0.5 % . EDS WDS Cr , EDS WDS 95 % . , m . . . E.2 CRM NBS 479a % Fe % 2(SD) Cr % 2(SD) Ni % 2(SD) A 70.9 18.8 10.3 2 B 71.0 0.21 19.2 0.15 9.8 0.12 10 C 70.5 0.13 19.2 0.09 10.2 0.07 5 D1 70.5 0.4 18