1、KSKSKSKS SKSKSKS KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS 2006 10 31 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 10706 Daphnia magna Straus (, ) KS I ISO 10706： 2006 (2011 )I ISO 10706： 2006 : ( ) ( ) KIST ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2001 12 18 ：2006 10 31 ：2011 12 26 2011-0623 ： ： ( 02- 509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr).
2、10 5 , . ICS 13.060.70 KS I ISO Daphnia magna Straus (, ) 10706： 2006(2011 ) Water qualityDetermination of long term toxicity of substances to Daphnia magna Straus(Cladocera, Crustacea) 2000 1 ISO 10706 Water quality Determination of long term toxicity of substances to Daphnia magna Straus(Cladocera
3、 Crustacea) . . . . 1. Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera), (Crustacea) . a) , b) (decanting), c) OECD 2111 . 2. . . . IEC ISO . KS M ISO 5667 2 2： KS M ISO 5667 16 16： 3. 24 (Daphnia magna) (semi-static) (flow-through system) , , / 21 . . ( ) . 4. Daphnia magna Straus . I ISO 10706： 2006 2 . 3 mg/L ,
4、 pH 6 pH 9 , pH 1.5 . 140 mg/L(CaCO3) , (8.7 ) . 16 8 . 600 lx 800 lx , 1 200 lx . 18 22 , 2 (： 18 20 , 1921 20 22 ). 5. 5.1 Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera), (Crustacea)( D. magna ) 3 (acyclical) . D. magna ( ) D. magna . 24 , 2 5 . D. magna 20 % , , (ephippia) (discoloured animals) , . ( , , , ) .
5、 3 . 5.2 5.3 pH 5.3 . a) OECD M4 M7 ( A ) b) ASTM ( B ) 95 % pH . pH (8.00.5) . . TOC 5 mg/L . EDTA(： M4 M7) . (： pH, , TOC, COD) . 6. . , 6.1 , pH, , , , 6.2 (： 50 mL 100 mL ) I ISO 10706： 2006 3 7. 7.1 KS M ISO 5667 2 . . KS M ISO 5667 16 . . , 12 . (04 ), 24 . 48 2 ( 18 ). ( ) (： , . KS M ISO 566
6、7 16 ). (21 ) ( ), , . . 100 mL 10 daphnids (semi-static) 9 L . , . . . 7.2 7.2.1 , . , . , KS M ISO 5667 16 D. magna . 0.1 mL/L . . , , , (dimethylformamide), (triethylene glycol) Cremophor RH40, (methylcellulose) 0.1 % HCO 40 . 0.1 mL/L D. magna . . 7.2.2 (8.2 ) (7.2.1) (7.1) (5.2) (8.2). 100 mL .
7、 , . pH 6 9 pH (6 9) . 100 mL/L ( ) D. magna . I ISO 10706： 2006 4 . 8. 8.1 . . . . 8.2 3.2 , 5 . . a) NOEC( ) , NOEC (LOEC： ) 1 . . b) ECp( ; 20 % 50 % .) ECp (EC p .) . ECp EC50 , . (KS M ISO 6341) . (stock solution) , 0.1 mL/L . . 8.3 3 . 3 80 % , (flow-through test) . . (semi-static test) (D. ma
8、gna) . 8.4 ( 24 ) . 50 mL 100 mL . . . , 10 . , . 21 . (flow test) . 8.5 . , Chlorella spp, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata( Selenastrum capricornutum .) Scenedesmus subspicatus . . 0.1 mg 0.2 mg . . 100 mL I ISO 10706： 2006 5 , . , . . 1 . , . 8.6 . C . . . , , pH 1 . 3 . , , (ephippia eggs) . , (d
9、ry mass) . (： ) . 20 % (： 80120 % ) , 3 . 20 % (： 80120 % ) , . 20 % . 20 % 9. . , (dosing system) . 8.7 . a) 20 % . b) 60 % . c) , 20 % . 11 . b) . 9. 20 % . 20 % (mean concentration) ( D ). I ISO 10706： 2006 6 , . ( ) . ( ) . , . “ ” . ANOVA( ) Dunnett Williams . . LOEC( ) . LOEC NOEC( ) . 95 % ,
10、probit), (logit), (weibul), (moving average), (Spearman- Karber) . 10 %, 20 % 50 %( EC10, EC20, EC50) (LC) . (log-probit axes) . 10. . a) , b) , ( , , pKa, Kow,) ( ) D. magna (biodegradability) c) (種) d) ( , , ) , (semi-static), I ISO 10706： 2006 7 ( , , ) ( ) ( mg/L, , ) e) ( , , TOC/DOC ) ( ) ( )
11、 ( ) ( ) NOEC LOEC EC50 ( , ) I ISO 10706： 2006 8 A() OECD M4 M7 Elendt M4 M7 A.1 D. magna M4 M7 D. magna M4(M4 6 .) M7 . 30 % Elendt, 60 % Elendt, 100 % Elendt . 1 . A.2 A.2.1 (stock solution) (stock solution) I . (stock solution) (stock solution) I (stock solution) (stock solution) II . (13) (stoc
12、k solution) II. A.1 A.2.2 M4 M7 A.2 (stock solution) II, M4 M7 . A.3 1 L 3 (stock solution) . . . (stock solution) 500 800 mL 1 L . A.1 I ( ) (mg/L) ( M4) II I .(mL/L) M4 M7 H3BO357 190 20 000 1.0 0.25 MnCl2 4H2O 7 210 20 000 1.0 0.25 LiCl 6 120 20 000 1.0 0.25 RbCl 1 420 20 000 1.0 0.25 SrCl2 6H2O
13、3 040 20 000 1.0 0.25 NaBr 320 20 000 1.0 0.25 Na2MoO4 2H2O 1 260 20 000 1.0 0.25 CuCl2 2H2O 335 20 000 1.0 0.25 ZnCl2260 20 000 1.0 1.00 CoCl2 6H2O 200 20 000 1.0 1.00 Kl 65 20 000 1.0 1.00 Na2SeO343.8 20 000 1.0 1.00 NH4VO311.5 20 000 1.0 1.00 Na2EDTA 2H2O(1) 5 000 2 000 FeSO4 7H2Oa(1) 1 991 2 000
14、 (1) Na2EDTA FeSO4 , . Fe EDTA 1000 20.0 5.0 I ISO 10706： 2006 9 A.2 mg/L ( M4) (mL/L) M4 M7 II ( ) 20 50 50 ( ) CaCl2 2H2O MgSO4 7H2O KCl NaHCO3Na2SiO3 9H2O NaNO3KH2PO4K2HPO4293 800 246 600 58 000 64 800 50 000 2 740 1 430 1 840 1 000 2 000 10 000 1 000 5 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.
15、1 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 10 000 0.1 0.1 A.3 (mg/L) ( M4) 750 10 000 B(B12) 10 10 000 7.5 10 000 I ISO 10706： 2006 10 B() ASTM B.1 . B.1 (1) (mg/L) NaHCO3CaSO4 2H2O MgSO4KCl pH(2) CaCO3 mg/L CaCO3 mg/L 192 120.0 120.0 8.0 7.88.0 160180 110120 (1) 7 (2) pH I ISO 10706： 2006 11 C() , , D. magna
