1、KSKSKSKS SKSKSKS KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS 2006 10 31 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 12890 (semi static) KS I ISO 12890： 2006 (2011 )I ISO 12890： 2006 : ( ) ( ) KIST ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2001 12 6 ：2006 10 31 ：2011 12 26 2011-0623 ： ： ( 02- 509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . ICS
2、13.060.70 KS I ISO (semi -static) 12890： 2006(2011 ) Water quality Determination of toxicity to embryos and larvae of freshwater fish Semi-static method 1999 1 ISO 12890 Water quality Determination of toxicity to embryos and larvae of freshwater fish Semi-static method , . 1. Cyprinidae, Teleostei,
3、Danio rerio(Hamilton Buchanan) , (semi-static) . KS M ISO 7346 1, KS M ISO 7346 2 KS M ISO 7346 3 (zebrafish) 96 LC50 Danio rerio . . 2. . . , . IEC ISO . KS M ISO 5667 16 16： KS M ISO 6341 ( ) KS M ISO 7346 1 ( ) KS M ISO 7346 2 ( ) KS M ISO 7346 3 ( ) 3. . 3.1 (effect concentration：ECx) X % EC50 5
4、0 % LC50 . 3.2 (lowest observed effect concentration：LOEC) (p 0.05) LOEC NOEC . 3.3 (no effect concentration：NEC) (zero equivalent point：ZEP) . I ISO 12890： 2006 2 NEC . 3.4 (no observed ef fect concentration：NOEC) LOEC 4. ( 0) . (eggs) (embryos) . , . 10 14 . 4 . , (NECs) . (ECxs) , (NOEC) (LOEC) .
5、 KS M ISO 7346 1, KS M ISO 7346 2 KS M ISO 7346 3 (zebrafish) (96 LC50) . 5. 12 h/12 h, 14 h/10 h 16 h/8 h / . . (262) . . 6. Danio rerio, zebrafish . 2 (5. ) ( ) . (7.1) (pH, ) . 1 , 23 ( 0) . ( 0) 24 . . A . 7. 7.1 , . , 18 M/cm . ( ) (salt) . pH (7.50.2), (10010) mg CaCO3 17 . a) 11.76 g 1 L . b)
6、 7 4.93 g 1 L . c) 2.59 g 1 L . d) 0.23 g 1 L . 5 L a)d) 100 mL 10 L . Daphnia(1) (KS M ISO 6341) , I ISO 12890： 2006 3 . 26 90100 % . pH . pH . . (1) , . 7.2 (stock solutions) . , . (7.1) ( ) . (7.1) . 0.1 mL . , (KS M ISO 5667 16) . . , ( 20 ) . KS M ISO 5667 16 pH . pH (7.50.2) pH (7.50.2) . 7.3
7、(7.2) (7.1) 1 , . 8. , , , (polyamide), , , , . (7.1) . 8.1 100 mL 100 mm 8.2 , (262 ) . (262) . . . 8.3 , 2 mm (： Pasteur pipettes) . 8.4 , pH , 9. 9.1 . I ISO 12890： 2006 4 , . 24 30 % . 24 , (embryo-larvae) 1216 10 , 14 . , 30 % . 9.2 (embryo-larval) KS M ISO 7346 1, KS M ISO 7346 2 KS M ISO 7346
8、 3 . 6 . 2 . (： KS M ISO 7346 1, KS M ISO 7346 2 KS M ISO 7346 3 2, 1, 1/2 1/4, 1/8 1/16 96 h LC50 ). , (1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/51296 h LC50). . . ( ) 25 mL 2 , 4 25 mL (7.1) . (0 ) , pH . 10.1 . 1 (0 ) 24 15 . . (8.3) , . , , 1 12 h/ , 12 h/ , 14 h/ , 10 h/ 16 h/ , 8 h/ (262) . 24 , , 15 . 10
9、. 1 25 mL . ( .) . , pH , . . 24 . , , . , 10 90 % . 10. I ISO 12890： 2006 5 10.1 . a) 26 70110 % b) pH (7.50.2) c) (262) d) (eggs) 70 % 24 e) 24 f) 10 90 % g) 1216 10.2 ( ) (NEC ECx ) (LOEC NOEC ) . . . (probit analysis) (log-probit) . , 95 % . . . B.1 (No Effect Concentration； NEC) . / EC/LCx . 10
10、 EC50 B.2 . Ecx 95 % . 50 % . Dunnett William (analysis； ANOVA) LOCE NOEC(3. ) , B.1 ( B.1 B.2 ) . 11. . a) (KS M ISO 12890) b) c) d) e) 1) ( ) ( ) 2) , , , f) g) 1) (Danio rerio .) 2) , ( , , ) I ISO 12890： 2006 6 3) h) , pH i) j) 1) (24 ) 2) ( 0.1) . 95 % . k) 1) (NEC) 2) (LOEC； Lowest Observed Ef
11、fect Concentration) (NOEC； No Observed Effect Concentration)： . l) I ISO 12890： 2006 7 A() A.1 zebrafish( ) Coromandel , . , . Laale ( 10 ) . 45 mm , 79 . . . . , pH . . , . . 1 30 100400 . , . A.2 2 (7.1) ( , pH, ) . 510 . 70 L 30 . 2 3/4 20 L 30 . , Artemia, chironomids, Daphnia, Enchytraeids . (
12、, pt ) ( ). 510 , . . . 5 cm . 27 . . , . . 23 . ( ) ( 0) 24 . . . 24 812 , . (5, 6, 7, 8, 12 18) . , . (5 L ) I ISO 12890： 2006 8 10 20 . 9 . . . . 20 L/h 75 L ( 15 cm) (262) 14 h/10 h 60 ( 40 20 ) . 5 mm (mesh) , 1 cm . 1 ( ) 2 0005 000 . . . . A.3 , . ( 30) 30 , . ( 1 mm ) . . . , , . , . , . 24
13、. I ISO 12890： 2006 9 B() , B.1 , ( ) (%) % days days 0( ) 13(7, 13, 13, 20) 2.9(2.5, 2.9, 2.2, 4.0) 14.7(14.3, 14.9, 13.3, 16.3) 1.56 13(7, 20) 2.6(2.3, 2.9) 14.1(12.7, 16.2) 3.13 7(7, 7) 2.9(2.7, 3.2) 13.7(12.4, 15.2) 6.25 7(7, 7) 2.6(2.4, 2.8) 13.1(12.6, 13.6) 12.5 3(7, 0) 2.6(2.4, 2.9) 12.6(11.7, 13.7) 25 3(7, 0) 3.6(2.2, 5.0) 11.8(10.8, 12.8)(2) 50 3(7, 0) 16(16, 16)(1) 2.7(2.2, 3.1)(1) 100 23(27, 20) 16(16, 16)(1) 3.7(3.4, 4.1) (1) (1) Dunnett William (p 0.05) (2) Dunnett William ( p 0.05) I
