1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS M ISO 14851 KS M ISO 14851:2012 2012 12 24 http:/www.kats.go.krKS M ISO 14851:2012 : ( ) ( ) SREAP ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2002 12 27 ：2012 12 24 2012-0749 ： ： ( 02-509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS M ISO 14851:2012 i ii 1 1 2 1 3
2、2 4 3 5 .4 6 4 6.1 4 6.2 4 6.3 .6 6.4 .6 7 6 8 .7 8.1 7 8.2 7 8.3 7 8.4 9 9 .10 9.1 .10 9.2 10 10 .11 11 .11 A( ) (ThOD) 13 B( ) BOD 14 C( ) 16 D( ) 2 17 E( ) ( )20 F( ) .22 G( ) 23 KS M ISO14851:2012 24 KS M ISO 14851:2012 ii 1999 1 ISO 14851, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability
3、 of plastic materials in an aqueous medium Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer , . KS M ISO 14851:2012 Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer . . . 1 .
4、 . . . , . ( E ) , . , , , (ISO 8192 ) . . 2 KS M ISO 14851:2012 2 . . ( ) . KS I ISO 8245, (DOC) (TOC) KS I ISO 9408, KS I ISO 10634, KS I ISO 15462, 3 . 3.1 ( ) 3.2 3.3 105 3.4 BOD , 1 mg 1 g mg . 3.5 ThOD , 1 mg 1 g mg . 3.6 TOC 3.7 DOC KS M ISO 14851:2012 3 , 15 40 000 m s 2 0.2 0.45 m 3.8 , 10
5、 % . 3.9 . . 3.10 90 % 3.11 ( ) 3.12 , 3.13 , 4 . ( , ) 100 2 000 mg/L . . . (BOD) , , ( ) . C . KS I ISO 10708 2 ( D ). BOD (ThOD) (%) . BOD . . ( E ). KS I ISO 9408 , KS M ISO 14851:2012 4 . 5 , 1 20 25 . . 6 . 6.1 ( , ) DOC 2 mg/L . 6.2 (6.2.1 ). (6.2.2 ) . 6.2.1 6.2.1.1 A (6.1) 1 000 mL . 2 (KH2
6、PO4) 8.5 g 2 (K2HPO4) 21.75 g 2 2 (Na2HPO4 2H2O) 33.4 g (NH4Cl) 0.5 pH , pH 7.4 . 6.2.1.2 B 7 (MgSO4 7H2O) 22.5 g (6.1) 1 000 mL . 6.2.1.3 C 2 (CaCl2 2H2O) 36.4 g (6.1) 1 000 mL . 6.2.1.4 D (III) 6 (FeCl3 6H2O) 0.25 g (6.1) 1 000 mL . , (HCl) 1 KS M ISO 14851:2012 5 4 (EDTA) 0.4 g/L 1 . 6.2.1.5 6.2.
7、1.1 A 10 mL, 6.2.1.2, 6.2.1.3, 6.2.1.4 B, C, D 1 mL , (6.1) 1 000 mL . 6.2.2 . pH . 2 400 mg/L , 50 mg/L 2 000 mg/L . C/N 40： 1 . 6.2.2.1 A (6.1) 1 000 mL . 2 (KH2PO4) 37.5 g 2 2 (Na2HPO4 2H2O) 87.3 g (NH4Cl) 2.0 6.2.2.2 B 7 (MgSO4 7H2O) 22.5 g (6.1) 1 000 mL . 6.2.2.3 C 2 (CaCl2 2H2O) 36.4 g (6.1)
8、1 000 mL . 6.2.2.4 D (III) 6 (FeCl3 6H2O) 0.25 g (6.1) 1 000 mL (6.2.1.4 ). 6.2.2.5 E( ) (25 %, 7.7 mol/L) 10 mL . ZnCl270 mg, MnCl2 4H2O 100 mg, H3BO36 mg, CoCl2 6H2O 190 mg, CuCl2 2H2O 3 mg, NiCl2 6H2O 240 mg, Na2MoO4 2H2O 36 mg, Na2WO4 2H2O 33 mg NaSeO3 5H2O 26 mg, (6.1) 1 000 mL . 6.2.2.6 F( ) 1
9、00 mL (6.1) 0.6 mg, 2.0 mg, p- 2.0 mg, 1.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 5.0 mg, 2.0 mg, 5.0 mg, DL-6,8- 5.0 mg 2 1.0 mg . 15 mg (6.1) 100 mL . (7.4 ). KS M ISO 14851:2012 6 E F , , , . 1 mL . 6.2.2.7 1 000 mL 800 mL (6.1) 6.2.2.1 A 100 mL, 6.2.2.2, 6.2.2.3, 6.2.2.4 B, C, D 1 mL( E F ) , (6.1) 1 000 mL pH . pH , pH
10、7.00.2 . 6.3 (Na4P2O7) 2.66 g (6.1) 1 000 mL . 6.4 7 , . 7.1 ( ) ( , ) ( C ). , . 2 ( D ). 7.2 (TOC) (DOC) (KS I ISO 8245 ) 7.3 . , / ( , ) . 7.4 ( 0.45 m) 7.5 KS M ISO 14851:2012 7 7.6 pH pH 8 8.1 BOD . ThOD( A ) TOC( , KS I ISO 8245 ) . 100 mg/L . ThOD 170 mg/L TOC 60 mg/L . . . (6.2.2) C/N 40： 1
11、 TOC 2 000 mg/L . . 1 , 100 mg/L . 2 , , . . . . 250 m . . . ( , ). , , , , , (ASTM D 3536 91 ). . . KS I ISO 10634 . 8.2 ( , , - - ) . TOC, . ( , ) . 8.3 . KS M ISO 14851:2012 8 . . , . 8.3.1 8.3.2 . , (5. ). (CFU) . 103 106CFU/mL . 8.3.1 , ( 72 .). ( , KS I ISO 11923 ). . 30 1 000 mg/L . 1 ( E )
12、30 mg/L . . 500 mL 2 . 30 . , 15 %(V/V) . . 2 . . . ( , x %). (KS I ISO 15462 ), ( , ) . 8.3.2 10 g 100 mL(6.2.1 6.2.2), (6.3) 30 . 15 %(V/V) . , . . ( , , 50 ). KS M ISO 14851:2012 9 . 8.4 a) . 1) ( FT) 2 2) ( FB) 2 3) ( FC) 1 4) ( FS) 1 . FS (II)(HgCl2) 10 g/L 5 mL . . 5) ( , ) ( FN) 1 6) ( FI) 1
13、C/N 40： 1 . . b) 1 (6.2) (8.3) . c) pH 7 . (6.4) ( C ) (8.1) (8.2) 1 . ( E ), DOC . . d) (5. ) . . ( ), ( ). D 2 . BOD ( ) . 6 . ( , ) . , FT pH, ( ) , . . . . 1 %(V/V) . KS M ISO 14851:2012 10 1 FT FT FB FB FC FS ( ) FI ( ) FN ( ) 9 9.1 , (BODS) FT FB (1) . TCBSBODBODBODtt= (1) BODS ： g BOD (mg/g) BODt ： t FT BOD (mg/L) BODBt ： t FB BOD (mg/L) TC ： FT (g/L) (ThOD, mg/g ) Dt (2) . 100ThODBODS=tD (2) BOD FC FS, FI FN . ThOD A , ( B ). E . 9.2 BOD . BOD . 2 .
