1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS P ISO 5799 / ISO ISO KS P ISO 5799:2008 2008 6 30 http:/www.kats.go.krKS P ISO 5799: 2008 : ( ) ( ) () ( ) : () ( ) () () () () KS P ISO 5799: 2008 : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) : :2008 6 30 20080352 : : (ISO/TC106) ( 025097266) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10
2、5 , . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 i .1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 5 2 5.1 .2 5.2 .2 5.3 .2 5.4 .3 5.5 (Densitometer) .4 5.6 .4 6 .4 6.1 ISO 4 6.2 ISO .7 6.3 .8 7 8 7.1 ISO 8 7.2 ISO .8 7.3 .8 A( ) .9 B( ) X .10 C( ) 11 D( ) 12 D.1 12 D.2 12 KS P ISO 5799: 2008 / ISO ISO Photography Direct-exposing medical and dental r
3、adiographic film/process systems Determination of ISO speed and ISO average gradient 1991 2 ISO 5799, Photography Direct-exposing medical and dental radiographic film/process systems Determination of ISO speed and ISO average gradient , . 1 X / ISO ISO . X . ISO ISO / . 2 . . ( ) . KS A ISO 4037 1,
4、X, 1: KS M ISO 5 2, 2: KS M ISO 5 3, 3: ISO 5 1: 1984, Photography Density measurements 3 . 3.1 (kerma), K ( X ) , KS P ISO 5799: 2008 2 . 3.2 (speed) , , . 3.3 (average gradient) 3.4 (Gy)1) 1 J 1 kg X 4 ISO ISO . . . . . 5 5.1 . (sensitometric curve) ISO ISO . 5.2 . 5.3 5.3.1 2 % ( ). . 5.3.2 (235)
5、 (5020) % 1) 1 Gy 1 J/kg 114.5 R 0.029 5 C/kg . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 3 . . . 5.3.3 X KS A ISO 4037 1 . 2) (7.00.5) mm . X 3) (half value) (3.00.2) mm X 10.0 mm 7.0 mm 1/2 . 3.0 mm X . 5.3.4 , X ( ). 1 5 % . , , ( C ). 5.3.5 base plus fog 0.2 2.3 . 3 % . log10 0.15 . gray 4). base plus fog . 5.4 5.4.1
6、 (235) , (5020) % . 30 8 . 2) ISO 209 1: 1989, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys Chemical composition and forms of productsPart 1: Chemical composition 1 (the ISO symbols are AI 99.0 AI 99.5 AI 99.7 AI 99.8). 3) 50 kV 55 kV . 60 kV . 4) (half value layer) (calibration) 5.3.3 , (interpolation) .
7、 KS P ISO 5799: 2008 4 5.4.2 . ISO ISO . ISO ISO . , , , , . . , . 5.5 (Densitometer) ISO KS M ISO 5 2 KS M ISO 5 3 . 7 mm2 . 1 mm . 5.6 5.6.1 ISO 10 gray 1 . 5.6.2 Base plus fog Base plus fog . 6 6.1 ISO 5.5 . 1 10 gray 5). base plus fog 1.0 , log10Ks . . s210KS= ISO 1 log10Ks . 5) SI . 100 10 mR(m
8、illiroentgens) 1.0 . 10mR=8.73210-5Gy(grays) 114.5 . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 5 1 ISO ISO ISO KS P ISO 5799: 2008 6 1 ISO log10Ks ISO (S) 5.05 4.95 4.85 4.75 4.65 4.55 4.45 4.35 4.25 4.15 4.05 3.95 3.85 3.75 3.65 3.55 3.45 3.35 3.25 3.15 3.05 2.95 2.85 2.75 2.65 4.96 4.86 4.76 4.66 4.56 4.46 4.36 4.26 4.
9、16 4.06 3.96 3.86 3.76 3.66 3.56 3.46 3.36 3.26 3.16 3.06 2.96 2.86 2.76 2.66 2.56 1 000 800 640 500 400 320 250 200 160 125 100 80 64 50 40 32 25 20 16 12 10 8 6 5 4 6.1.1 ISO ISO , , , log10Ks . ISO , ISO . 6.1.2 Ks 6.1 . 2 . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 7 2 ISO ISO aISO 7.0 14.0 14.0 28.0 28.0 56.0 56.0 1
10、12.0 C D E F a ISO . 6.2 ISO 6.2.1 ISO 3 G . 11021011021012loglog75.1loglog KKKKDDG= D1: base plus fog 0.25 D2: base plus fog 2.00 K1: D1 K2: D2 ( ) . , base plus fog 1.00 1.50 G base plus fog 1.25 . G , ISO . ISO 3 log10K2 log10K1 . 3 ISO log10K2 log10K1 ISO G 1.67 1.49 1.32 1.17 1.03 0.93 0.83 0.7
11、5 0.67 0.61 0.54 0.47 0.41 0.37 1.84 1.66 1.48 1.31 1.16 1.02 0.91 0.82 0.74 0.66 0.60 0.53 0.46 0.40 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 KS P ISO 5799: 2008 8 6.2.2 ISO ISO , , log10K2 log10K1 . ISO 3 . 6.3 log10Ks 0.05 , 5 % . 7 7.1 ISO ISO X ISO XD 100 . 7.2 ISO , 3 ISO ISO G
12、2.8 . 7.3 ISO ISO . . “ ” . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 9 A ( ) NBS kV HVLa(mm Al) H 40 H 50 H 60 50 60 100 4.05 mm Al 0.26 mm Cu 4.0 mm Al 0.10 mm Pb 4.0 mm Al 0.61 mm Cu 2.9 4.2 6.0 M 50 M 60 M 100 50 60 100 1.02 mm Al 1.51 mm Al 5.0 mm Al 1.02 1.68 5.0 S 60 60 4.0 mm Al 2.8 (55 kV, 5.5 mm Al , 3.0 mm Al
13、) (H M) . aHVL: KS P ISO 5799: 2008 10 B ( ) X X ionization chamber( ) . a) . b) . c) monitor chamber( ) . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 11 C ( ) . . d d d2 . 0 ( d 2) P . ( d 2) P 5 % . KS P ISO 5799: 2008 12 D ( ) D.1 X . 1R 1.6101015 . 2.5810 4C/kg . (kerma). 1.6101015 8.73210 3J . J grays (1 J/kg 1 Gy). g
14、rays . , , grays . 1 Gy 114.5 R 0.029 5 C/kg . 1R 8.73210 3Gy . airg293001.0esu1R1 = =kgg10g293001.0esu13electroneV85.33esu1electrons10082.29)kgGy(J10732.8eVJ10602.11319= 1 C 6.2421018electrons 1 esu 2.082109electrons 1R 0.001 293 g ( 1.6021015 ) 1 esu . 1 eV 1.60210 12ergs 1.60210 19J 33.85 eV0.15
15、eV 1. D.2 1 International Commission on Radiation Units Measurement 1979. Report No. 31, Average energy required to produce an ion pair 2 NCRP Report No. 82, SI Units in Radiation Protection and Measurements, Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, issued 13
16、 August 1985 / ISO ISO 135513 7017 (02)60094114 (02)600948878 http:/ Korean Agency for Technology and Standards http:/www.kats.go.kr KS P ISO 5799: 2008KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS SKS KSKS SKSKS KSKSKS Photography Direct-exposing medical and dental radiographic film/process systems Determination of ISO speed and ISO average gradient ICS 37.040.25