1、 KSKSKSKS KSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS R ISO 7861 KS R ISO 7861:2008 (2013 ) 2008 11 14 http:/www.kats.go.krKS R ISO 7861:2008 : ( ) ( ) ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ： 2008 11 14 ： 2013 10 06 2013 0508 ： ： ( 02-509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS R ISO 7861:2008 (2013 ) Road v
2、ehicles Injury risk curves for evaluation of occupant protection in frontal impact 2003 1 ISO/TR 7861, Road vehicles Injury risk curves for evaluation of occupant protection in frontal impact , . 1 . KS R ISO 12349 1 KS R ISO 12349 2 , . 2 . . ( ) . KS R ISO 12349 1, 1 ： KS R ISO 12349 2, 2 ： 3 3.1
3、A . ( .) (s ) . 3.2 3 . Prasad Mertz1 Mertz 2, 3 . 15 ms HIC(Head Impact Criteria： ) A.1 A.2 . 15 ms HIC AIS(Abbreviated Injury Scale： )4 KS R ISO 7861:2008 2 A.3 . 3.3 CRABI Hybrid III , AIS 3 3 . Mertz 4 Mertz Prasad5 , 5. A.4, A.5 A.6 , . , AIS 3 3 %, 5 % 2 % . FMVSS 20820 . . . a) . b) . 1) , FT
4、/F3 -=3Mmax3T3TFFmFFFF 2) , ME /M5 -=5Mmax5E5EFFmMMMM 3) , NTE - +=2Mmax2T2ETE FFmFFMMN FM, MM： m： (0 m 1) A.4, A.5 A.6 . Mertz Prasad5 . A.1 . CRABI . 3.4 3.4.1 2 . KS R ISO 7861:2008 3 a) b) 3.4.2 Mertz 6 3 Hybrid III . A.7 AIS 3 Hybrid III . . Hybrid 50 . Foret-Bruno 7 3 . A.8 AIS 3 . . 3.4.3 A.9
5、 AIS 3 . 5 % . AIS 3 . AIS 3 . A.10 AIS 4 Mertz 4 . 5 % . A.11 Mertz 4 AIS 4 / . . Viano 8 . A.12 AIS 4 / . CRABI . V*C . 3.5 3.5.1 - - A.13 - - Mertz-Weber 17 , Morgan 10,11,12,13,14,15,16 . 3.5.2 Nyquist 18 16 3 . 19 A.14 . KS R ISO 7861:2008 4 3.5.3 / Crandall 19 (calcaneus), (talus) (malleroli)
6、50 . A.15 Mertz-Weber 17 . KS R ISO 7861:2008 5 A ( ) (Injury risk curve) A.1 15 ms HIC AIS 2 15 ms HIC , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 6 A.2 AIS 2 A.3 15ms HIC AIS 4 , g 15 ms HIC , %AIS 4 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 7 F3(N) CRABI 12 780 HIII 3 1 130 HIII 6 1 490 HIII 2 070 HIII 3 290 HIII 3 970 A.4 CRABI Hybrid A
7、IS 3 , FT/F3 AIS 3 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 8 M5(N m) CRABI 12 11 HIII 3 17 HIII 6 24 HIII 39 HIII 77 HIII 102 A.5 CRABI Hybrid AIS 3 , ME/M5 AIS 3 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 9 F2(N) M2(N m) CRABI 12 1 470 17.0 HIII 3 2 130 26.8 HIII 6 2 820 38.4 HIII 3 900 61.2 HIII 6 200 122 HIII 7 480 162 A.6 CRABI Hybri
8、d AIS 3 AIS 3 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 10 A.7 Hybrid AIS 3 A.8 AIS 2 AIS 3 , mm , kN AIS 3 , % , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 11 dc(mm) HIII 39.0 HIII 47.7 HIII 52.9 A.9 AIS 3 , d/dc AIS 3 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 12 dc(mm) CRABI 12 31.2 HIII 3 35.8 HIII 6 39.7 HIII 52.5 HIII 64.3 HIII 71.2 A.10 AIS 4 , d/dc AIS 4
9、 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 13 V/V5(m/s) CRABI 12 7.6 HIII 3 8.0 HIII 6 8.5 HIII 8.2 HIII 8.2 HIII 8.2 A.11 AIS 4 / , V/V5 AIS 4 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 14 dc(mm) HIII 3 122 HIII 6 143 HIII 187 HIII 229 HIII 254 A.12 (V*C) AIS 4 , V*C, m/s AIS 4 , %KS R ISO 7861:2008 15 A.13 - - A.14 , kN , %, % , N m KS R
10、 ISO 7861:2008 16 A.15 / A.1 (passive neck muscle strengths) FM(N) MM(Nm) CRABI 6 CRABI 12 CRABI 18 HIII 3 378 5.2 HIII 6 500 7.4 HIII 693 11.9 HIII 1 100 23.7 HIII 1 330 31.5 , % , kN KS R ISO 7861:2008 17 1 PRASAD, P. and MERTZ, H. J., The Position of the United States Delegates to the ISO Working
11、 Group 6 on the Use of HIC in the Automotive Environment, SAE 851246, 1985 2 MERTZ, H. J., PRASAD, P. and NUSHOLTZ, G., Head Injury Risk Assessment for Forehead Impacts, SAE 960099, February 1996 3 MERTZ, H. J., PRASAD, P. and NUSHOLTZ, G., Head Injury Risk Assessments Based on 15 ms HIC and Peak He
12、ad Acceleration Criteria, Proceeding of AGARD Meeting on Impact Head Injury, November 7-9, 1996 4 MERTZ, H. J., PRASAD, P., and IRWIN, A. L., Injury Risk Curves for Children and Adults in Frontal and Rear Collisions, SAE 973318, Forty-First Stapp Car Crash Conference, November 1997 5 MERTZ H. J. and
13、 PRASAD, P., Improved Neck Injury Risk Curves for Tension and Extension Moment Measurements of Crash Dummies, Stapp Car Crash Journal, 00SC05, November 2000 6 MERTZ, H. J., HORSCH, J. D., HORN, G., and LOWNE, R. W., Hybrid III Sternal Deflection Associated with Thoracic Injury Severities of Occupant
14、s Restrained with Force-Limiting Shoulder Belts, SAE 910812, February 1991 7 FORET-BRUNO, J.-Y., TROSSEILLE, X., LE COZ, J.-Y., BENDJELLAL, F., STEYER, C., PHALEMPIN, T., VILLEFORCEIX, D., DANDRES, P. and GOT, C., Thoracic Injury Risk in Frontal Car Crashes with Occupant Restrained with Belt Load Li
15、miter, SAE 983166, 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference, November 1998 8 VIANO, D. V. and LAU, I. V., Thoracic Impact: A Viscous Tolerance Criterion, Proceedings of the Tenth Experimental Safety Vehicle Conference, July 1985 9 MELVIN, J. W., and NUSHOLTZ, G. S., Tolerance and Response of the Knee-Femur-P
16、elvis Complex to Axial Impacts: Impact Sled Test, University of Michigan, Highway Safety Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Report No. UM-HSRI-80-27, 1980 10 MORGAN, R. M., EPPINGER, R. H. and MARCUS, J. H., Human Cadaver Patella-Femur-Pelvis Injury due to Dynamic Frontal Loading to the Patella, 12th ES
17、V, Paper No. 89-4A-0-13, May 1989 11 CHENG, R., YANG, K. H., LEVINE, R. S., KING, A. I., and MORGAN, R., Injuries to the Cervical Spine Caused by a Distributed Frontal Load to the Chest, Twenty-Sixth Stapp Car Crash Conference, October 1982 12 LEUNG, Y. C., HUE, B., FAYON, A., TARRIERE, C., HAMON, H
18、., GOT, C., PATEL, A., and HUREAU, J., Study of “Knee-Thigh-Hip” Protection Criterion, Twenty-Seventh Stapp Car Crash Conference, October 1983 13 CHENG, R., YANG, K., LEVINE, R. S., and KING, A. I., Dynamic Impact Loading of the Femur Under Passive Restrained Condition, Twenty-Eighth Stapp Car Crash
19、 Conference, November 1984 14 ROBERTS, D. P., DONNELLY, B. R., and MORGAN, R., Cadaver Response to Axial Impacts of the Femur, Eleventh International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles, May 1987 15 DONNELLY, B. R., and ROBERTS, D. P., Comparison of Cadaver and Hybrid III Dummy Resp
20、onse to Axial Impacts of the Femur, Thirty-First Stapp Car Crash Conference, November 1987 16 MORGAN, R. M., SCHNEIDER, D. C., EPPINGER, R. H., NAHUM, A. M., MARCUS, J. H., AWAD, J., DAINTY, D., and FORREST, S., Interaction of Human Cadaver and Hybrid III Subjects with a Steering Assembly, Thirty-Fi
21、rst Stapp Car Crash Conference, November 1987 17 MERTZ, H. J. and WEBER, D. A., Interpretations of the Impact Responses of a 3-Year Old Child Dummy Relative to Child Injury Potential, Proceedings of the Ninth International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles, Kyoto, Japan, November
22、1-4, 1982. (Republished in SAE 826048, SP-736 Automatic Occupant Protection Systems, February 1988) 18 NYQUIST G. W., CHEN, R., EL-BOHY, A., and KING, A. I., Tibia Bending: Strength and Response, SAE 851728, Twenty-Ninth Stapp Car Crash Conference, October 1985 19 CRANDALL, J. R., et al, Mechanisms
23、of Injury and Injury Criteria for the Human Foot and Ankle, IRCOBI, September 1997 20 FMVSS 208:1997, Occupant crash protection 21 KS R ISO 3560, KS R ISO 7861:2008 18 22 KS R ISO 7862, 23 KS R ISO 10982, 24 KS R ISO 14645, 25 ISO 15828, Road vehicles Offset frontal impact test procedure KS R ISO 7861:2008 19 KS R ISO 7861:2008 , . 1 ISO/TR 7861, Road vehicles Injury risk curves for evaluation of occupant protection in frontal impact 2003 KS R ISO 7861( ) . 2 ISO/TR 7861 ISO/TC 22 , SC 12(Passive safety crash protection systems) . 3
