1、 MSS SP-147-2014 Quality Standard for Steel Castings Used in Standard Class Steel Valves Sampling Method for Evaluating Casting Quality Standard Practice Developed and Approved by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. 127 Park Street, NE Vienna, Virginia
2、22180-4602 Phone: (703) 281-6613 Fax: (703) 281-6671 E-mail: standardsmss-hq.org www.mss-hq.org MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-147i This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committees 304 and the MSS Coordinating Committee. The content of this Standard Practice is
3、the resulting efforts of competent and experienced volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive standard that will benefit the industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice describes minimal requirements and is intended as a basis for common practice by the manufacturer, the user,
4、and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in itself preclude the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice. Mandatory conformance to this Standard Practice is established only by reference in other documents such as a code, specifi
5、cation, sales contract, or public law, as applicable. MSS has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce or certify compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this Standard Practice shall not be attributable to MSS and is solely the re
6、sponsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. “Unless indicated otherwise within this MSS Standard Practice, other standards documents referenced to herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standard Practice at the date of approval of this MSS Standard Practi
7、ce (see Annex B). This Standard Practice shall remain silent on the validity of those other standards of prior or subsequent dates of issue even though applicable provisions may not have changed.” By publication of this Standard Practice, no position is taken with respect to the validity of any pote
8、ntial claim(s) or of any patent rights in connection therewith. MSS shall not be held responsible for identifying any patent rights. Users are expressly advised that determination of patent rights and the risk of infringement of such rights are entirely their responsibility. In this Standard Practic
9、e, all text, notes, annexes, tables, figures, and references are construed to be essential to the understanding of the message of the standard, and are considered normative unless indicated as “supplemental”. All appendices, if included, that appear in this document are construed as “supplemental”.
10、Note that supplemental information does not include mandatory requirements. Excerpts of this Standard Practice may be quoted with permission. Credit lines should read Extracted from MSS SP-147-2014 with permission of the publisher, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Indu
11、stry. Reproduction and/or electronic transmission or dissemination is prohibited under copyright convention unless written permission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry Inc. All rights reserved. Originally Approved: November 2013 Originally Pub
12、lished: March 2014 MSS is a registered trademark of Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. Copyright , 2014 by Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-147ii TABLE OF CONTENTS SEC
13、TION PAGE 1 SCOPE 1 2 PURPOSE . 1 3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 1 4 QUALITY REQUIREMENTS . 1 5 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION 1 6 EXTENT OF EXAMINATION 2 7 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR PILOT CASTINGS 2 8 REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCTION CASTINGS 2 TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Up to 2 Inches (in Accordance with ASTM E446)
14、 3 2 Wall Thickness 2 through 4.5 Inches (in Accordance with ASTM E186) . 3 3 Wall Thickness 4.5 through 12 Inches (in Accordance with ASTM E280) . 3 ANNEX A Recommended Sample Plan for NDE of Production Castings . 4 B Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates 5 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-1471 1. SCOP
15、E This Standard Practice provides minimum guidance for the quality of pressure containing steel castings used in the manufacture of standard class, cast valves compliant with ASME B16.34. It covers castings made by both the sand and investment casting methods. Acceptance standards, which provide for
16、 a minimum quality level for Standard Class cast steel valve castings, are detailed within this document. 2. PURPOSE The purpose of this Standard Practice is to provide guidance for valve manufacturers by describing methods and non-destructive acceptance criteria for non-Special Class, steel valve c
17、astings. Additionally, this Standard Practice provides procedures for developing and qualifying Standard Class pilot castings. 3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 3.1 Standard Class Casting A valve not requiring additional acceptance criteria for “Limited Class” or “Special Class”. 3.2 Discontinuity A non-unif
18、ormity in the metal. For example, cracks, hot tears, shrinkage, inclusions, or gas porosity. 3.3 Defect An unacceptable discontinuity defined by the requirements of the applicable non-destructive examination (NDE) specification. 3.4 Acceptance Criteria A classification of severity levels for each ty
19、pe and category of discontinuities that are acceptable. 3.5 Severity Level Extent and/or size of the type of discontinuity. 3.6 Critical Area Sections of casting(s) that are subject to high stress, as designated in ASME B16.34. 3.7 Dimensional Inspection Procedure for verification that the actual co
20、ndition of the casting complies with the conditions defined by the engineering drawing or model. 3.8 Non-Destructive Examination (NDE) An inspection method for casting surface and/or sub-surface (volumetric) discontinuities, without impairing its usefulness. The term NDE is also known as non-destruc
21、tive testing (NDT). 3.9 Pilot Casting Foundry product(s) made and examined as part of the initiation and development of the production method. For example, the first casting(s) from a new or modified pattern using the identical foundry practice (i.e., risering, gating, chilling, coring, and molding)
22、 as the production castings it is intended to represent. 3.10 Production Casting Foundry products(s) produced as part of a standard product run using normal production processes, practices, and examinations, as defined by the manufacturer. 3.11 See MSS SP-96 for additional definitions. 4. QUALITY RE
23、QUIREMENTS Foundries and manufacturers producing pressure-containing castings in accordance to this Standard Practice shall have an audited and certified quality control system in accordance with ISO 9001, API Q1, ISO TS 29001, or other applicable internationally recognized standards for quality pro
24、grams. As an alternative, the foundry may be an approved vendor, audited by the valve manufacturer. 5. NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION 5.1 NDE Personnel Qualification Programs shall be written in accordance with ASNT SNT-TC-1A or ISO 9712. QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS USED IN STANDARD CLASS STEEL
25、 VALVES SAMPLING METHOD FOR EVALUATING CASTING QUALITY MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-1472 5.2 Personnel performing NDE shall be qualified in accordance with ASNT SNT-TC-1A or ISO 9712. 5.3 Personnel performing radiographic film interpretation shall have the appropriate reference radiographs available for
26、 use during film evaluation. Photocopies or facsimiles of the reference radiographs are not acceptable. 6. EXTENT OF EXAMINATION 6.1 Casting samples to be evaluated and examined include all pressure-containing components. 6.2 Casting components shall be inspected to assure conformance to all dimensi
27、onal requirements. 7. MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR PILOT CASTINGS 7.1 Definition of a Pilot Casting A casting shall be deemed a pilot casting when one or more of the following events take place: 7.1.1 First use of a new pattern. 7.1.2 A pattern is re-rigged. 7.1.3 A new replacement pattern is created.
28、 7.1.4 A change in processing (i.e., core making, sand control, or melt practice). 7.1.5 A pattern is sent to another foundry or manufacturer (see Section 4). 7.1.6 Upon identification and correction of a recurring defect in a casting released for production and a new casting is produced. 7.2 All pi
29、lot castings shall be examined without weld repairs. 7.3 All accessible external and internal surfaces shall be visually evaluated in accordance with MSS SP-55. 7.4 All accessible external and internal surfaces shall be examined by using the liquid (e.g., dye) penetrant (PT) method, in accordance wi
30、th MSS SP-93. 7.5 All accessible external and internal surfaces of ferrous castings shall be examined by using the magnetic particle (MT) method, in accordance with MSS SP-53. 7.6 Critical areas, as defined by ASME B16.34, shall be radiographically (RT) examined in accordance with MSS SP-54. 7.7 Whe
31、n pilot castings are found to be non-compliant with the requirements of this Standard Practice, as listed in Section 7, corrective actions shall be documented and implemented by the foundry or manufacturer. Additional pilot castings shall then be made to confirm effectiveness of the corrective actio
32、n. 8. REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCTION CASTINGS 8.1 Each production casting shall have all external and accessible internal areas examined in accordance with the requirements and acceptance criteria of MSS SP-55. 8.2 Production castings shall be subject to a random sampling program as determined by the m
33、anufacturer, at a level appropriate to ensure product compliance and quality. An example of such a sampling plan is detailed in Annex A. 8.2.1 Standard production, pressure containing, casting(s) shall be randomly selected. 8.2.2 The randomly selected casting(s) shall be radiographed and shall meet
34、the radiographic quality levels as listed in Tables 1, 2, and 3 (as applicable), for critical areas specified in ASME B16.34. 8.2.3 Casting(s) that have discontinuities which are not within the levels defined in Tables 1, 2, and 3, are unacceptable for use unless properly repaired in accordance with
35、 the applicable specification(s). The pattern equipment and castings processes used to produce the casting(s) shall be reviewed and corrective action taken. Additional pilot castings shall then be made and tested to confirm the effectiveness of any required corrective action. If a production casting
36、 is found to be unacceptable and corrective actions are taken, the subsequent castings would fall under the definition of “pilot castings” as detailed in Section 7.1 and should not be referred to as “production castings”. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-1473 TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Up to 2 Inches (in Accord
37、ance with ASTM E446) Discontinuity Type Category Acceptable Comparative PlateGas A A3 Sand B B4 Shrink, Type 1 C CA3 Shrink, Type 2 D CB4 Shrink, Type 3 E CC4 Shrink, Type 4 F CD4 Hot Tears ANSI/API Q1-2008 Specification for Quality Programs for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry; including Supp
38、lement 1 (1986), Corrigendum 1 (2009) and Addendum 1 (2010) (Identical National Adoption of ISO TS 29001:2007, Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries Sector Specific Requirements Requirements for Product and Service Supply Organizations) ASME; ANSI/ASME B16.34-2013 Valves Flanged, Threa
39、ded and Welding End ASNT; ANSI/ASNT SNT-TC-1A-2011 Recommended Practice for Qualification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel (includes ANSI/ASNT CP-105-2011, Training Outlines for Qualification of Nondestructive Personnel) ASTM Standard Reference Radiographs for: E186-10 Heavy-Walled (2 to less tha
40、n 4 in. (50.8 to 114 mm) Steel Castings E280-10 Heavy-Walled (4 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm) Steel Castings E446 Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Systems Requirements; including Corrigendum 1 (2009) 9712:2012 Non-destructive Testing Qualification and Ce
41、rtification of NDT Personnel TS 29001:2010 Technical Specification Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries Sector-Specific Quality Management Systems Requirements for Product and Service Supply Organizations MSS; ANSI/MSS SP-53-2013 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Va
42、lves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Magnetic Particle Examination Method SP-54-2013 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Radiographic Examination Method SP-55-2011 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fitt
43、ings, and Other Piping Components Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities SP-93-2008 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Liquid Penetrant Examination Method SP-96-2011 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fitt
44、ings MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-1476 ANNEX B (continued) Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates This annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience. The following organizations appear on the previous page of this annex: ANSI American National S
45、tandards Institute, Inc. 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor New York, NY 10036-7406 API American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20005-4070 ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME International) Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5990 ASNT American Society for Nonde
46、structive Testing, Inc. 1711 Arlingate Lane Columbus, OH 43228-0518 ASTM ASTM International 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 ISO International Organization for Standardization 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postal 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland MSS Manufacturer
47、s Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. 127 Park Street, NE Vienna, VA 22180-4602 Listing of MSS Standard Practices (as of March, 2014) TITLE SP-6-2012 Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings SP-9-2013 Spot Faci
48、ng for Bronze, Iron, and Steel Flanges SP-25-2013 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions SP-42-2013 Corrosion-Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends (Classes 150, 300 & 600) SP-43-2013 Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for
49、 Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications SP-44-2010 Steel Pipeline Flanges (incl. 2011 Errata Sheet) SP-45-2003 (R 2008) Bypass and Drain Connections SP-51-2012 Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Flanges and Cast Flanged Fittings SP-53-2012 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Magnetic Particle Examination Method SP-54-2013 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Radiographic Examination Method SP-55-2011 Quali
