1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 87 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than that is possible to learn in general history classes.
2、 Most (1)_ history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. (2)_, art history (3)_ on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious (4)_, emotions, and psychology. (5)_, information about the daily activities of our own can be prov
3、ided by art. In short, art expresses the (6)_ qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than what can be found in most history books.In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is (7)_; that is, facts about political
4、 are given, but (8)_ are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is (9)_: it reflects emotions and impressions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya severely criticized the Spanish government for its (10)_ of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic (11)_ were used in Pablo Picasso
5、s Guemica to express the (12)_ of war. (13)_, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera depicted these Mexican artists concealed (14)_ and sadness about social problems.In the same way, art can (15)_ a cultures religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was
6、(16)_ the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. (17)_ most people couldnt read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. (18)_, one of the main characteris
7、tics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its (19)_ of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are (20)_.（A）interesting（B） plausible（C） superior（D）typical（A）Indeed（B） Hence（C） However（D）Therefore（A）comments（B） focuses（C） depends（D）centers（A）belief（B） faith（C） t
8、rust（D）credibility（A）In addition（B） In summary（C） In any case（D）In effect（A）equivalent（B） temporary（C） essential（D）effective（A）subscribed（B） presented（C） delivered（D）manifested（A）perspectives（B） counsels（C） arguments（D）opinions（A）implied（B） displayed（C） biased（D）created（A）misuse（B） control（C） advant
9、age（D）triumph（A）images（B） signs（C） stimuli（D）messages（A）awe（B） shock（C） horror（D）grief（A）Nevertheless（B） Consequently（C） Simultaneously（D）Meanwhile（A）guard（B） anger（C） content（D）assault（A）contain（B） mirror（C） involve（D）include（A）alone（B） barely（C） almost（D）scarcely（A）Although（B） Since（C） Suppose（D）P
10、rovided（A）With（B） For（C） By（D）On（A）relevance（B） presence（C） existence（D）absence（A）ineligible（B） unholy（C） mistaken（D）disloyalGrammar21 He must have had an accident, or he_then.（A）would have been here（B） had to be here（C） should be here（D）would be here22 Food is to the blood_reading is to the mind.（A
11、）that（B） which（C） what（D）so23 Even though we had been to her house several times before, we still did not remember（A）what street was it on（B） what was it the street（C） what street it was on（D）what street it was24 Everyone asked me where he was, but it was_a mystery to me as to them.（A）much of（B） as
12、of（C） as much of（D）such25 Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install_ solar heating device in our home.（A）some type of（B） some types of a（C） some type of a（D）some types of26 _there was an epidemic approaching, Mr. Smith _the invitation to visit that area.（
13、A）If he knew, would have declined（B） If he had known, would decline（C） Had he known, would decline（D）Had he known, would have declined27 He had a bad cold. _ is why he didnt come.（A）It（B） This（C） That（D）What28 If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955 , the housing problems n
14、ow in some parts of the country_so serious.（A）wouldnt be（B） wouldnt have been（C） will not be（D）would have not been29 The output of television sets has_in the past five years.（A）more than doubled（B） more than double（C） as many as double（D）as much as double30 I cant decide whether to go sailing or, be
15、cause of the bad weather forecast, _ at home.（A）stay（B） staying（C） to stay（D）whether stayPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)30 The Online Autocar Rents TrafficWhen eBay, now the worlds biggest auction website, we
16、nt online in 1995, many expected it to fail. Why would anyone buy used items from perfect strangers? Two new services WhipCar, which was launched in London on April 21st, and RelayRides, which will start up in Boston, Massachusetts, early this summer will face similar skepticism. Both aim to get car
17、-owners to rent their vehicles to strangers when not using them themselves.At heart, both offerings are online exchanges. Car-owners and drivers register, contact one another through the site and agree to a rental contract. To ensure that both parties are trustworthy, WhipCar asks, among other thing
18、s, for details of both the rented cars registration and the renters license, and checks them against official data. It also provides insurance for the duration of the rental and a replacement car if there is an accident. In addition to these measures, RelayRides only accepts cars that have gone thro
19、ugh a safety check and installs a device that allows them to be unlocked with a special card. This way, owners and renters do not have to meet, as they do with WhipCar.Both firms allow owners to set the price, taking a 15% cut. Even with the insurance premium and other fees added in, the firms expec
20、t the rental price to be lower than using a conventional car-rental firm or an urban car-sharing club. WhipCar provides suggestions for the prices different cars might fetch in various neighborhoods. Shortly after the site went live an Audi A4 in central London cost 10 ($ 15) an hour or 41 a day.Wil
21、l the idea take off? The main hurdle will be car-owners reluctance to share so personal a possession and the requirement to keep it clean. The firms must also overcome a problem all exchanges face: attracting enough members to make the service useful.Yet cars are expensive, underused assets. On aver
22、age, a British car is driven for less than an hour a day but costs about 5, 500 a year to owna sum many would love to reduce in these straitened times. Drivers, for their part, are ever more willing to share a car. By 2016 some 4. 4 million Americans will he members of a car-sharing club, nearly ten
23、 times as many as today, projects Frost 2. describe your complaints;3. your suggestions.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Hua“ instead. You do not need to write the address.Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the followin
24、g information. (20 points)67 Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1. describe the drawing briefly, 2. explain its intended meaning, and then3. give your suggestions.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)考研英语（一）模拟试卷 87 答案与解析一、Section
25、I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 【正确答案】 D2 【正确答案】 C3 【正确答案】 B4 【正确答案】 A5 【正确答案】 A6 【正确答案】 C7 【正确答案】 B8 【正确答案】 D9 【正确答案】 C10 【正确答案】 A11 【正确答案】 A12 【正确答案】 C13 【正确答案】 D14 【正确答案】 B15 【正确答案】 B16 【正确答案
26、】 C17 【正确答案】 A18 【正确答案】 C19 【正确答案】 D20 【正确答案】 BGrammar21 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从 He must have had an accident 可以看出这是对发生在过去的事情作了肯定的猜测。因此 or(else)实际上代替了一个假设条件句，即：If he hadnt had an accident。很显然，空白处应选择与过去相反的虚拟 would have been。【知识模块】 虚拟语气22 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本题考查的句型是：A is to B what X is to Y=A is to B just as X i
27、s to Y，“A 对于 B 正如 X 对于 Y 一样”，又如：People is to the army what water is to fish【知识模块】 语法23 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 what street it was on 是间接疑问句作 remember 的宾语，间接疑问句除将疑问词提到句首外，句子的其余部分仍用陈述句语序，不用疑问句的倒装语序。【知识模块】 语法24 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 as muchas“和一样是”，如果 as much 修饰的是由不定冠词限定的可数名词单数时，要用 as。much(of)a 结构。【知识模块】 语法25 【正确答案】 A
28、【试题解析】 “device”为单数可数名词，因此可排除 B、C；从句意看，D(某些种类)也不符合要求。所以，正确答案为 A。【知识模块】 语法26 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题考查的是虚拟语气句型的用法。对过去的情况表示虚拟，从句用过去完成时，主句用 would have done。Had he known相当于 If he had known因此本题答案为 D。【知识模块】 语法27 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 that 可用来指代前文出现过的事物，也可以指代前文提及的事情，例如：He haslearned to respect othersThat is the most imp
29、ortant他学会了尊重他人，这是最重要的事情。因此只有 C 正确。【知识模块】 语法28 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本句使用了虚拟语气，但要注意的是：在这里从句使用过去完成时，表示对一般过去条件的虚拟；而主句使用一般过去时，表示对一般现在情况的虚拟。做题时，注意到主句中的 now 是很重要的。【知识模块】 语法29 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 这里的 double 是不及物动词，表示“增加一倍”(或“是原来的两倍”)。Has doubled“已增加了一倍 ”；has more than doubled“已增加了一倍多”。double还可以用作及物动词，如：I shall double
30、your wages；还可用作形容词，如：I shall give you double pay；还可用作名词，如：She offered me double for it 【知识模块】 语法30 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 whether。or 后面需跟两个并列的不定式 whether to go sailing or to stay at home。如果两个不定式很短而且距离很近，or 后面的不定式符号 to可以省略，如：I dont knowwhether to accept or refuse但如果两个不定式之间有插入语，两者相隔距离较远(如本题)时，or 后面的不定式最好带 to；
31、在whetheror 后面跟不定式的句式中，or 后面的不定式前还可以再加一个whether，这时第二个 whether 后面的不定式一定要带 to，如：Iwas wondering whether to go upstairs or whether to follow Maxism to the library【知识模块】 语法Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)【知识模块】 阅读31
32、 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干关键词，eBay，WhipCar，RelayRides 定位到原文首段和第二段：第一段第一句提到 eBay 是网上拍卖交易： When eBay，now the worlds biggest auction website，第二段提到 WhipCar 和RelayRides 提供租赁服务：At heart ，both offerings are online exchanges故选C项。A项“它们服务的可行性都受到质疑 ”，B 项“三者都是中介性质”和D项“三者都通过网络进行”均是其共同点。【知识模块】 阅读32 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】
33、 语义分析题。根据题干关键词 WhipCar，guarantee，reliability 定位到第二段第三句：To ensure that both parties are trustworthy，WhipCar asks，among other things，for details of both the rented cars registration and the renters license，and checks them against official data为确保双方都值得信赖，WhipCar 还要求提供出租汽车的注册详情和租借人的驾驶执照，并将其信息与官方数据进行核对。由
34、此可知，确保双方身份的真实性是最必不可少的一步，故选A项。B项“让双方签一份汽车共享公司拟定的合同”，C 项“索要租赁双方的详细信息”D项 “确保双方对彼此都满意 ”，均不是确保双方可信度最重要的部分。【知识模块】 阅读33 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 语义分析题。根据题干关键词 Compare，WhipCar ，RelayRides定位到原文第二段和第三段。第二段倒数第二句提到：In addition to these measures，RelayRides only accepts cars that have gone through a safety check and instal
35、ls a device that allows them to be unlocked with a special card除了这些措施外，RelayRides 只认可那些已通过安全检查的汽车，并且给这些租借汽车安装了一个用专用卡才能开启的装置。由此可知，RelayRides 对汽车的安全要求比较严格，故选B 项。A 项“让车主决定租赁者 ”，文中未提；C 项“价位更低”，文中未对比两公司的价位高低，但两公司的价位比传统的租赁公司价位低；D项“提供的服务更多”，文中未提。【知识模块】 阅读34 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 推理判断题。根据题干关键词 barrier，car-sharing
36、定位到原文第四段第二句：The main hurdle will be car owners reluctance to share so personal a possession and the requirement to keep it clean其主要障碍是车主们不愿共用这种私人财产，且常常被要求保持汽车清洁。由此可知，车主的态度很关键，故选D项。A项“高额的租赁费和保险费 ”非主要障碍； B项“共享车公司的可信度”和C项“租车人的可信度”文中均未提。【知识模块】 阅读35 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据题干关键词 last paragraph，intend 定位到原文最后一段。
37、倒数第二段设问“汽车网上租赁是否会盛行”，并列举了其发展可能存在的障碍，但最后一段句首的 yet 标示语气转折，无论段中提到的养车的高昂费用还是汽车共享俱乐部的情况介绍，都表明汽车共享发展前景可观，故选B项。A项“阐述汽车租赁受欢迎的原因”，C 项 “阐述养私家车成本高”和 D项“阐述美国汽车市场现状”非作者意图。【知识模块】 阅读36 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 事实细节题。本文首段第三至五句指出“然而，事实是在整个 19 世纪直至 20 世纪，美国新土地的开垦一直持续不断。在 19 世纪 90 年代，当农民的不满情绪发展到最尖锐的时候，全国又新建了 110 万个农场，这比前 10 年多
38、50 万个。1890 年以后，根据宅地法案以及以后颁布的有关法令，农民继续得到比以前更多的土地“。由此可以看出，作者在这里提到美国的新农场是为了说明在这个时期美国边远地区并没有消失的观点，这正是答案选项的内容。37 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 推理判断题。文章第二段首句指出“学者和政治家对设想的美国边远地区的消失所给予的强调促使其掩盖了 19 世纪下半叶国际贸易状况及其后果所产生的变化及其重要性“。由此可以看出，作者这里暗示这才是美国农民不满的起因，但却被有影响力的错误理论误导了。38 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 事实细节题。文章第二段第四句指出“大约到 1870 年，农业技术的改进使得有
39、可能充分利用最适合大规模机械化耕种的地区“。答案选项正是此句的同义转述。39 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 事实细节题。本文末段倒数第三句指出“其结果是：农业萧条不再是地区范围或本国范围的事情。农业萧条同时袭击好几个国家，不论其国内未开发的边远地区消失与否“。答案选项正是这部分内容的同义转述，故是本题正确答案。40 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 推理判断题。文章倒数第三句指出“从 19 世纪 70 年代初到 90 年代之间，美国农民不满情绪剧增的现象同美国农产品在国外市场的价格几乎不问断下跌的现象同时发生“。这就意味着：美国农民不满的原因是农产品在国外市场价格不断下跌(而当时平民党提出的批评是
40、政府没有用农产品补贴来加以支持，相反对工业品却用关税加以保护)，美国农民最希望的是农产品国外市场每年的间隔变化不断上升，并且上升的幅度与下降的幅度一样大。41 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题考查考生理解段落信息的能力。D 选项的革命运动在第一段没有交代，虽然第一段出现了军政府，征用等词，但也不能推导出一定是 must。对此，考生今后在做题时一定要仔细注意选项中的情态动词。42 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题考查考生根据原文信息进行推理的能力。第二段最后部分说秘鲁将会成为食糖出口国，但是规模不及巴西和哥伦比亚，即可得知 D 选项正确。43 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此题考查原文相关细节的准确理解。根据第四段第二句，协议的签署需要以秘鲁政府在本国劳动者权利保护问题上的改善为前提，但这项协议还没有真正达成。因此选择 D 选项。44 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题考查考生根据上下文确定词义的能力。precarious adj 不稳定的，不安的，修饰后面的“水供应”，符合逻辑，故 A 选项正确。
