1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 11 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 (1)_ exactly a year ago, in a small village in Northern India, Andrea Milliner was bitten on the leg by a dog. “It must have (2)_ y
2、our nice white flesh“, joked the doctor (3)_ he dressed the wound. Andrea and her husband Nigel were determined not to let it (4)_ their holiday, and thought no more about the dog, which had meanwhile (5)_ disappeared from the village.“We didnt (6)_ there was anything wrong with it,“ says Nigel. “It
3、 was such a small, (7)_ dog that rabies didnt (8)_ my mind“. But, six weeks later, 23-year-old Andrea was dead. The dog had been rabid. No one had thought it necessary to (9)_ her antirabies treatment. When, back home in England, she began to show the classic (10)_ unable to drink, catching her brea
4、th her own doctor put it (11)_ to hysteria. Even when she was (12)_ into an (13)_, hallucinating, recoiling in terror at the sight of water, she was directed (14)_ the nearest mental hospital.But if her symptoms (15)_ little attention in life, in death they achieved a publicity close to hysteria. Ca
5、ses like Andrea are (16)_, but rabies is still one of the most feared diseases known to man. The disease is (17)_ by a bite of a lick from an (18)_ animal. It can, in very (19)_ circumstances, be inhaledtwo scientists died of it after (20)_ bat dung in a cave in Texas.（A）Hardly（B） Nearly（C） Almost（D
6、）Merely（A）fancied（B） flashed（C） flopped（D）gasped（A）because（B） though（C） if（D）as（A）snap（B） spoil（C） stray（D）suit（A）noisily（B） quietly（C） absolutely（D）exceedingly（A）imagine（B） realize（C） assume（D）presume（A）likeable（B） likely（C） liking（D）likewise（A）change（B） enter（C） lose（D）set（A）infect（B） inject（C） sa
7、ve（D）give（A）symptoms（B） sign（C） signal（D）mark（A）out（B） down（C） up（D）off（A）loafed（B） loaned（C） loaded（D）located（A）automobile（B） vehicle（C） truck（D）ambulance（A）for（B） out of（C） from（D）to（A）paid（B） gave（C） turned（D）received（A）seldom（B） rare（C） scare（D）less（A）transformed（B） transferred（C） transmitted（D）
8、transported（A）injected（B） infected（C） injured（D）inserted（A）outstanding（B） common（C） ordinary（D）exceptional（A）inhaling（B） inverting（C） inheriting（D）initiatingPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 Forget about the
9、days when banks lured customers with offers of “free“ toaster. In the harsh new world of consumer banking, its the account holder who may get burned.Over the past few years, banks have systematically raised their old fees and invented new onesas many as 100 different kinds. The size of these charges
10、 jumped more than 50 percent on checking and savings accounts since 1990, according to Bank Rate Monitor, an independent provider of financial data. Meanwhile, interest rates paid on passbook savings and negotiable order of withdrawal (NOW) accounts failed to keep pace with inflation, let alone with
11、 other low-risk investments. And technologies like automated teller machines(ATMs) have truly turned into cash machinesfor the bank.Checking Profits. According to a report by the Federal Reserve Board, fewer than eight percent of all commercial banks now offer tree checking. In some big cities, such
12、 as Los Angeles and San Francisco, free checking is virtually extinct.Whats more, the minimum balance required for the average checking account has increased dramatically since the Federal Reserve last surveyed banks in 1994. Account holders looking for interest on their checking through a NOW accou
13、nt had to raise their balance nearly 50 percent to $1,500 on average and they earned just 1.5 percent annually for their trouble.NationsBank in Miami recently offered a “Deluxe Secure“ checking account. Depositors got only an average 1.5 percent interest on their checking balance. And they were requ
14、ired to keep $5,000 tied up in a savings account or $21 maintenance fee.New York Citys chemical informed its checking customers that their “low minimum“ accounts would be converted into new “relationship“ accountswith a higher minimum balance. The new minimum necessary to avoid extra fees jumped fro
15、m $1,500 to $3,000. The dubious new benefits to customers?Banking executives say theres a good reason why fees are higher. Since financial services were deregulated in the early 1980s, competitors have lured away high-margin business that once sustained bank profits. Americans are avoiding low-inter
16、est bank accounts in favor of high-yielding investments such as mutual funds. Creditcard holders can get more favorable terms from a national card issuer than from their local bank. Home-buyers can now tap a national market for the most competitive mortgage rates, and new-car buyers can shop for loa
17、ns from auto-finance specialists like General Motors Acceptance Corp.Still, the banks have managed to regain their profits in part with high customer fees. In fact, the banking industry has reported record earnings over the past three years.21 What can be inferred from the sentence “its the account
18、holder who may get burned“ (Paragraph 1)?（A）The author asserts that the account holder should be careful about the free toaster.（B） The author thinks that the account holder is the very person who uses the toaster.（C） The author suggests that the account holder should be careful about the bank.（D）Th
19、e author holds that the bank should be criticized.22 The banks strategies invented to rip the account holders include（A）changing the old fees.（B） offering free checking.（C） offering free gifts.（D）creating new fees.23 According to banking executives, the higher bank fees may result from（A）the slowdow
20、n of economy.（B） low-interest bank accounts.（C） the decrease of the number of bank investors.（D）the increase of the number of creditcard holders.24 The term “high-margin business“ (Paragraph 7) probably means（A）very profitable business.（B） very promising business.（C） bankrupt business.（D）well-manage
21、d business.25 From the last paragraph, we know that（A）the banks are notorious businesses.（B） never do business with the banks.（C） the banks have succeeded in getting back the profits.（D）due to high customer fees, the number of the account holders is decreasing.25 Want a glimpse of the future of heal
22、th care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patientno matter where he or she may be.Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptom
23、s are the most obvious example. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis (telemedicine) will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using an off-the-shelf PDA(personal data assistance) such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile p
24、hone, it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patients vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first-aid kit, the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural
25、 care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster responseespecially after earthquakes. Overall, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertise.But there is one problem. Bandwidth is the limiting factor for transmitting complex medical images a
26、round the worldCT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes, wars or famines. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones
27、for the future of distributed medical intelligence.Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should usher in an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical informati
28、on, expert opinion and diagnosis are common.26 The basis of remote diagnosis will be_.（A）standardized symptoms of a patient（B） personal data assistance（C） transmitted complex medical images（D）real physiological data from a patient 27 The sentence “the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the hou
29、se could well be a thing of the past“ means_.（A）now people probably would not ask if there is a doctor in the house（B） patients used to cry and ask if there was a doctor in the house（C） in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the house（D）patients are now still asking if the
30、re is a doctor in the house 28 All the following statements are true EXCEPT that_.（A）it is now feasible to transmit a patients vital signs over telephone（B） flood is not among the disasters mentioned in the passage（C） the trend in applying telemedicine is toward providing global access to medical da
31、ta（D）telemedicine is being used by many medical teams as a tool for disaster response 29 The word “problem“ in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that_.（A）there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligence（B） CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumers（C） bandwidth
32、 is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the world（D）communications satellites can only cope with the short-term needs during disasters 30 A proper title for the passage may be_.（A）Improvement in Communications（B） The Online Doctor Is In（C） Application of Telemedicine（D）How to Make
33、 Remote Diagnosis 31 SoBig. F was the more visible of the two recent waves of infection because it propagated itself by e-mail, meaning that victims noticed what was going on. SoBig. F was so effective that it caused substantial disruption even to those protected by anti-virus software. That was bec
34、ause so many copies of the virus spread (some 500,000 computers were infected) that many machines were overwhelmed by messages from their own anti-virus software. On top of that, one common counter-measure backfired, increasing traffic still further. Anti-virus software often bounces a warning back
35、to the sender of an infected e-mail, saying that the e-mail in question cannot be delivered because it contains a virus. SoBig. F was able to spoof this system by “harvesting“ e-mail addresses from the hard disks of infected computers. Some of these addresses were then sent infected e-mails that had
36、 been doctored to look as though they had come from other harvested addresses. The latter were thus sent warnings, even though their machines may not have been infected.Kevin Haley of Symantec, a firm that makes anti-virus software, thinks that one reason SoBig. F was so much more effective than oth
37、er viruses that work this way is because it was better at searching hard-drives for addresses. Brian King, of CERT, an internet-security centre at Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, notes that, unlike its precursors, SoBig. F was capable of “multi-threading z it could send multiple e-mails si
38、multaneously, allowing it to dispatch thousands in minutes. Blaster worked by creating a “buffer overrun in the remote procedure call“. In English, that means it attacked a piece of software used by Microsofts Windows operating system to allow one computer to control another. It did so by causing th
39、at software to use too much memory.Most worms work by exploiting weaknesses in an operating system, but whoever wrote Blaster had a particularly refined sense of humour, since the website under attack was the one from which users could obtain a program to fix the very weakness in Windows that the wo
40、rm itself was exploiting.One way to deal with a wicked worm like Blaster is to design a fairy godmother worm that goes around repairing vulnerable machines automatically. In the case of Blaster someone seems to have tried exactly that with a program called Welchi. However, according to Mr. Haley, We
41、lchi has caused almost as many problems as Blaster itself, by overwhelming networks with “pings“signals that checked for the presence of other computers.Though both of these programs fell short of the apparent objectives of their authors, they still caused damage. For instance, they forced the shutd
42、own of a number of computer networks, including the one used by the New York Times newsroom, and the one organising trains operated by CSX, a freight company on Americas east coast. Computer scientists expect that it is only a matter of time before a truly devastating virus is unleashed.31 SoBig. F
43、damaged computer programs mainly by_.（A）sending them an overpowering number of messages（B） harvesting the addresses stored in the computers（C） infecting the computers with an invisible virus（D）destroying the anti-virus software of the computers32 Which of the following best defines the word “doctore
44、d“(Para. 1, Line 10)?（A）Falsified.（B） Cured.（C） Deceived.（D）Diagnosed.33 Compared with SoBig. F. Blaster was a virus that was_.（A）more destructive（B） more humorous（C） less vulnerable（D）less noticeable34 From the text we learn that Welchi _.（A）is a wicked worm causing as many damages as Blaster did（B
45、） is a program designed by Haley to detect worms like Blaster（C） is a program intended to fix the infected machines（D）is a worm meant to defeat the virus with “pings“35 The tone of the text can best described as_.（A）optimistic and humorous（B） analytical but concerned（C） passionate but pessimistic（D）
46、scholarly and cautious36 The gap between those who have access to computers and the Internet and those who couldnt spell trouble not only for classroom learning today, but in turn for producing the kind of students who are ready to compete for the jobs of tomorrow. By the year 2000, 60 percent of al
47、l jobs will require high-tech computer skills. Over the next seven years, according to Bureau of Labor statistics, computer and technology related jobs will grow by an astounding 70 percent. “We as a nation are missing the opportunity of a lifetime“, insists Riley. “The ability of all students to le
48、arn at the highest levels with the greatest resources and have the promise of a future of real opportunity-this is the potential of technology“.Riley proposes dosing the gaps in technology access by providing discounted services for schools and libraries. The 1996 Telecommunications Act called for p
49、roviding all K-12 public and nonprofit private schools, as well as libraries, with discounts-an Education Rate, or E-Rate for telecommunication services, in May 1997, the Federal Communications Commission unanimously voted to provide $2.25 billion a year in discounts ranging from 20 to 90 percent on a sliding scale, with the biggest discounts for the poorest schools. (The E-Rate covers Internet access and internal school connections, but
