1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 59 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Wholesale prices in July rose more sharply than expected and at a faster rate than consumer prices,【C1】_that businesses were still
2、protecting consumers【C2】_the full brunt(冲击)of higher energy costs.The Producer Price Index,【C3】_measures what producers receive for goods and services, 【C4】_1 percent in July, the Labor Department reported yesterday, double【C5】_economists had been expecting and a sharp turnaround from flat prices in
3、 June. Excluding【C6】_and energy, the core index of producer prices rose 0.4 percent,【C7】_than the 0. 1 percent that economists had【C8 】_. Much of that increase was a result of an【C9】_increase in car and truck prices.On Tuesday, the Labor Department said the【C10】_that consumers paid for goods and ser
4、vices in July were【C11】_0.5 percent over all, and up 0. 1 percent, excluding food and energy.【C12 】_the overall rise in both consumer and producer prices【C13】_caused by energy costs, which increased 4. 4 percent in the month.(Wholesale food prices【C14】_0. 3 percent in July.【C15】_July 2004, wholesale
5、 prices were up 4. 6 percent, the core rate【C16】_2. 8 percent, its fastest pace since 1995.)Typically, increases in the Producer Price Index indicate similar changes in the consumer index【C17 】_businesses recoup(补偿)higher costs from customers.【C18 】_for much of this expansion, which started【C19】_the
6、 end of 2001 , that has not been the【C20 】_In fact, many businesses like automakers have been aggressively discounting their products.1 【C1 】（A）indicate（B） to indicate（C） indicating（D）indicated2 【C2 】（A）of（B） to（C） by（D）from3 【C3 】（A）that（B） which（C） it（D）this4 【C4 】（A）rise（B） rises（C） rose（D）raised
7、5 【C5 】（A）that（B） what（C） which（D）this6 【C6 】（A）food（B） grain（C） crop（D）diet7 【C7 】（A）less（B） lower（C） higher（D）more8 【C8 】（A）said（B） reported（C） calculated（D）forecast9 【C9 】（A）expectable（B） unexpected（C） expectation（D）expecting10 【C10 】（A）prices（B） costs（C） charges（D）values11 【C11 】（A）down（B） from（
8、C） to（D）up12 【C12 】（A）Much（B） Most（C） Most of（D）Much of13 【C13 】（A）was（B） were（C） is（D）are14 【C14 】（A）fall（B） fell（C） falls（D）has fallen15 【C15 】（A）Comparing with（B） In comparison（C） Compared with（D）Compare to16 【C16 】（A）dropped（B） declined（C） lifted（D）climbed17 【C17 】（A）as（B） so（C） while（D）when18 【
9、C18 】（A）And（B） But（C） Yet（D）Still19 【C19 】（A）at（B） by（C） in（D）to20 【C20 】（A）condition（B） situation（C） matter（D）casePart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to ex
10、press their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity(阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, a US study says.Boys at single-sex schools we
11、re said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the “boy code“ of hiding their emotions to be a “real man“.The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do be
12、tter when taught alongside girls.Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that b
13、oys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams
14、to prevent boredom, wrote the studys author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically “ boy-focused“ approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision, learn bes
15、t through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on“ lessons where they are allowed to walk around. “ Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre(类型)in which violence and sexism are major themes,“ James wrote.Single-sex education al
16、so made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge“ in relationships. “In mixed schools, boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,“ the study reported.21 The auth
17、or believes that a single-sex school would_.（A）force boys to hide their emotions to be “real man“（B） help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys（C） encourage boys to express their emotions more freely（D）naturally reinforce in boys that traditional image of a man22 It is commonly believed that
18、 in a mixed school boys _.（A）perform relatively better（B） grow up more healthily（C） behave more responsibly（D）receive a better education23 What does Tony Little say about the British education system?（A）It fails more boys than girls academically.（B） It focuses more on mixed school education.（C） It f
19、ails to give boys the attention they need.（D）It places more pressure on boys than on girls.24 According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is_.（A）teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys（B） boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted（C） boy
20、s can choose to learn whatever they are interested in（D）teaching can be designed to promote boys team spirit25 Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James report?（A）They enjoy being in charge.（B） They conform to stereotypes.（C） They have sharper vision.（D）They are vio
21、lent and sexist.25 Whos poor in America? Thats a question hard to answer. Hard because theres no conclusive definition of poverty. Low income matters, though how low is unclear. Poverty is also a state of mind that fosters self-defeating behaviorbad work habits, family breakdowns, and addictions. Fi
22、nally, poverty results from bad luck; accidents, job losses, disability.Despite povertys messiness, weve measured progress against it by a single statistic; the federal poverty line. By this measure, we havent made much progress. But the apparent lack of progress is misleading for two reasons.First,
23、 it ignores immigration. Many immigrants are poor and low-skilled. They add to the poor. From 1989 to 2007, about three quarters of the increase in the poverty population occurred among Hispanics(西班牙裔美国人)mostly immigrants and their children. Second, the poors material well-being has improved. The of
24、ficial poverty measure obscures this by counting only pre-tax cash income and ignoring other sources of support, including food stamps and housing subsidies. Although many poor live from hand to mouth, theyve participated in rising living standards. In 2005, 91% had microwaves, 79% air-conditioning,
25、 and 48% cell phones.The existing poverty line could be improved by adding some income sources and subtracting some expenses. Unfortunately, the administrations proposal for a “supplemental poverty measure“ in 2011 goes beyond that. The new poverty number would compound public confusion. It also rai
26、ses questions about whether the statistic is tailored to favor a political agenda.The “supplemental measure“ ties the poverty threshold to what the poorest third of Americans spend on food, housing, clothing, and utilities. The actual threshold will probably be higher than todays poverty line. Many
27、Americans would find this curious: people get richer, but “poverty“ stays stuck.What produces this outcome is a different view of poverty. The present concept is an absolute one; the poverty threshold reflects the amount estimated to meet basic needs. By contrast, the new measure embraces a relative
28、 notion of poverty: people are automatically poor if theyre a given distance from the top, even if their incomes are increasing.The new indicator is a “propaganda device“ to promote income redistribution by showing that poverty is stubborn or increasing. The Census Bureau has estimated statistics si
29、milar to the administrations proposal. In 2008, the traditional poverty rate was 13.2% ; estimates of the new statistic range up to 17%. The new poverty statistic exceeds the old, and the gap grows larger over time.As senator Daniel Moynihan said, the administration is defining poverty up. Its reaso
30、nable to debate how much we should aid the poor or reduce economic inequality. But the debate should not be swayed by misleading statistics that few Americans could possibly understand. Government statistics should strive for political neutrality. This one fails.26 What is the main idea of the first
31、 paragraph?（A）Poverty is very often defined as a state of mind.（B） Poverty is a problem hard to tackle in America.（C） Bad work habits and bad luck lead to poverty.（D）There is no consensus on the concept of poverty.27 What does the author say about the poor in America?（A）Their living standards have a
32、ctually improved.（B） Most of them are immigrants and their descendants.（C） Their chances of rising above the poverty line are slim.（D）Most of them rely on government subsidies for survival.28 What does the author think of the administrations proposal for a “supplemental poverty measure“ ?（A）It is in
33、tended to further help the poor.（B） It is made to serve political purposes.（C） It is a positive response to changed circumstances.（D）It is an attempt to combat the economic recession.29 What is characteristic of the new measure of poverty?（A）It defines poverty by the gap between the rich and the poo
34、r.（B） It raises the threshold for the poor to get welfare benefits.（C） It is more accurate and scientific in terms of statistics.（D）It truly reflects the practical needs of the poor.30 What does the author want to say by quoting Daniel Moynihan?（A）Economic equality is but an empty dream.（B） Politica
35、l neutrality can never be achieved.（C） The administrations statistics are biased.（D）The debate over poverty will get nowhere.30 Youve now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. President Obama will no doubt make the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need
36、to consume more; they need believe it or not to become more like Americans, for the sake of the global economy.And its all true. But the other side of that equation is that the U.S. needs to save more. For the moment, American households actually are doing so. After the personal-savings rate dipped
37、to zero in 2005 , the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap shut their wallets.In China, the household-savings rate exceeds 20% . It is partly for policy reasons. As weve seen, wage earners are expected to care for not only their children but also their aging parents. And th
38、ere is, to date, only the flimsiest(脆弱的)of publicly-funded health care and pension systems, which increases incentives for individuals to save while they are working. But China is a society that has long esteemed personal financial prudence(谨慎)for centuries. There is no chance that will change anyti
39、me soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending.Why does the U. S. need to learn a little frugality(节俭 )? Because healthy savings rates are one of the surest indicators of a countrys long-term financial health. High savings lea
40、d, over time, to increased investment, which in turn generates productivity gains, innovation and job growth. In short, savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest.The U. S. government thus needs to act as well. By running constant deficits, it is dis-saving, even as households save more. P
41、eter Orszag, Obamas Budget Director, recently called the U. S. budget deficits unsustainable and hes right. To date, the U. S. has seemed unable to see the consequences of spending so much more than is taken in. That needs to change. Chinas leaders might gently hint that Beijing is getting a little
42、nervous about the value of the dollar which has fallen 15% since March, in large part because of increasing fears that Americas debt load is becoming unmanageable.Thats what happens when youre the worlds biggest creditor; you get to drop hints like that, which would be enough by themselves to create
43、 international economic chaos if they were ever leaked.(Every time any official in Beijing deliberately publicly talks about seeking an alternative to the U. S. dollar for the $2. 1 trillion China holds in reserve, currency traders have a heart attack.)If Americans saved more and spent less, consist
44、ently over time, they wouldnt have to worry about all that.31 How did the economic crisis affect Americans?（A）They had to tighten their belts.（B） Their bank savings rate dropped to zero.（C） Their leadership in the global economy was shaken.（D）They became concerned about Chinas financial policy.32 Wh
45、at should be done to encourage Chinese people to consume?（A）Changing their traditional way of life.（B） Providing fewer incentives for saving.（C） Improving Chinas social security system.（D）Cutting down the expenses on child-rearing.33 What does the author mean by saying “savings are the seed corn of
46、a good economic harvest“(Para. 4)?（A）The more one saves, the more returns one will reap.（B） A countrys economy hinges on its savings policy.（C） Those who keep saving will live an easy life in the end.（D）A healthy savings rate promotes economic prosperity.34 In what circumstances do currency traders
47、become scared?（A）When Beijing allows its currency exchange rates to float.（B） When China starts to reduce its current foreign reserves.（C） When China talks about switching its dollar reserves to other currencies.（D）When Beijing mentions in public the huge debts America owes China.35 What is the auth
48、ors purpose of writing the passage?（A）To urge the American government to cut deficits.（B） To encourage Chinese people to spend more.（C） To tell Americans not to worry about their economy.（D）To promote understanding between China and America.35 Were moving into another era, as the toxic(有毒的)effects o
49、f the bubble(泡沫)and its grave consequences spread through the financial system. Just a couple of years ago investors dreamed of 20 percent returns forever. Now surveys show that theyre down to a “realistic“ 8 percent to 10 percent range.But what if the next few years turn out to be below normal expectations? Martin Barners of the Bank Credit Analyst in Montreal expects future stock returns to average just 4 percent to 6 pe
