1、2014 年 12 月大学英语四级真题试卷（三）（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a campus activity that has benefited you most. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Section A（A）The man hates to lend his tools to oth
2、er people.（B） The man hasnt finished working on the bookshelf.（C） The tools have already been returned to the woman.（D）The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.（A）Save time by using a computer.（B） Buy her own computer.（C） Borrow Marthas computer.（D）Stay home and complete her paper.（A）Th
3、e man doesnt have money for his daughters graduate studies.（B） The man doesnt think his daughter will get a business degree.（C） The man insists that his daughter should pursue her studies in science.（D）The man advises his daughter to think carefully before making her decision.（A）The cinema is some d
4、istance away from where they are.（B） He would like to read the film review in the newspaper.（C） They should wait to see the movie at a later time.（D）Hell find his way to the cinema.（A）Hes been to Seattle many times.（B） He has chaired a lot of conferences.（C） He has a high position in his company.（D）
5、He lived in Seattle for many years.（A）Teacher and student.（B） Doctor and patient.（C） Manager and office worker.（D）Travel agent and customer.（A）She knows the guy who will give the lecture.（B） She thinks the lecture might be informative.（C） She wants to add something to her lecture.（D）Shell finish her
6、 report this weekend.（A）The houses for sale are of poor quality.（B） The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.（C） The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers.（D）The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.（A）How to study English well.（B） Which courses to ch
7、oose.（C） How to write computer games.（D）Which books to read.（A）Physical sciences.（B） Maths and physics.（C） Art and design.（D）Electronics and computer-programming.（A）Her English is very good.（B） She is interested in English.（C） Her English writing is poor.（D）Her oral English is bad.（A）Applying for a
8、work experience.（B） Applying for a part-time job.（C） Taking an exam.（D）Visiting an old friend.（A）Students in the first half of their courses.（B） Students who will graduate soon.（C） Students in the second half of their courses.（D）Students who have just graduated from universities.（A）Explain the proce
9、dures to the students.（B） Work regular hours.（C） Write a comprehensive report.（D）Send a report about the womans work.（A）In two weeks.（B） In three weeks.（C） In the second half of her course.（D）Not decided yet.Section B（A）Synthetic fuel.（B） Solar energy.（C） Alcohol.（D）Electricity.（A）Air traffic condit
10、ions.（B） Traffic jams on highways.（C） Road conditions.（D）New traffic rules.（A）Go through a health check.（B） Carry little luggage.（C） Arrive early for boarding.（D）Undergo security checks.（A）In a fast-food restaurant.（B） At a shopping center.（C） At a county fair.（D）In a bakery.（A）Avoid eating any food
11、.（B） Prepare the right type of pie to eat.（C） Wash his hands thoroughly.（D）Practice eating a pie quickly.（A）On the table.（B） Behind his back.（C） Under his bottom.（D）On his lap.（A）Looking sideways to see how fast your neighbor eats.（B） Eating from the outside toward the middle.（C） Swallowing the pie
12、with water.（D）Holding the pie in the right position.（A）Beauty.（B） Loyalty.（C） Luck.（D）Durability.（A）He wanted to follow the tradition of his country.（B） He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.（C） It was thought a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.（D）It was suppose
13、d that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.（A）The two people can learn about each others likes and dislikes.（B） The two people can have time to decide if they are a good match.（C） The two people can have time to shop for their new home.（D）The two people can earn enough money for their w
14、edding.Section C26 In the center of a big city there are usually dozens of large office buildings that house big banks, corporation headquarters, and government agencies. Thousands of people work in these buildings. People who do all the office work are called white-collar workers.【B1】_and reception
15、ists, bookkeepers and computer operators work for many different kinds of companies.Many office workers dream of working their way up to the top, from clerk to【B2 】_of a corporation. The way lies through middle management. Middle management includes junior executives, who may fill【B3】_jobs, supervis
16、e other workers in the company,【B4】_action to top management, or see that the companys policies are【B5】_. At the very top are the senior executives. They【B6 】_the policies for their own companies, especially【B7】_. The Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, of a large【B8】_has a great deal of power and infl
17、uence.It is believed that one can start out at the bottom and go all the way to the top. Because financial matters are so important, some accountants become top executives. In companies where technology is important, people with an engineering background can also rise to the top. Nowadays, however,
18、education【 B9】_in the selection of people for management jobs. Universities in many countries offer courses in business administration. The graduates of these courses often start out in middle management jobs. From there, they can easily get promoted if they show the necessary【B10】_and ability.27 【B
19、1 】28 【B2 】29 【B3 】30 【B4 】31 【B5 】32 【B6 】33 【B7 】34 【B8 】35 【B9 】36 【B10 】Section A36 For decades, Americans have taken for granted the United States leadership position in thedevelopment of new technologies. The innovations (创新)that resulted from research and development during World War II and a
20、fterwards were【C1】_to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of【C2 】_society now depend, were possible because the United States then【C3】_the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasi
21、ng demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the【C4】_of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.The decline in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math)seems to be【C5】 _related to the compar
22、atively weak performance by US schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business-Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remedial (补习的)math 【C6】_, and
23、less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering【C7】_complete a major in those fields.The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills,【C8】_in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront (前沿)of i
24、nnovation and maintain its standard of living. With the【C9】_performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn【C10】_in the STEM disciplines in developing
25、 countries than in the United States.A)accelerating I)especiallyB)actually J)futureC)closely K)ledD)contemporary L)metE)courses M)proceduresF)critical N)proportionsG)declining O)spheres H)degrees37 【C1 】38 【C2 】39 【C3 】40 【C4 】41 【C5 】42 【C6 】43 【C7 】44 【C8 】45 【C9 】46 【C10 】Section B46 Ban Sugary D
26、rinksThat Will Add Fuel to the Obesity WarA)On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity (肥胖症)leads to many nasty ways of dying. Looking around the carriage, I saw quite
27、 a few people like him, including a couple of fatty children with swollen cheeks pressing against their eyes. These people are part of what is without exaggeration an epidemic (流行病)of obesity.B)But it is quite unnecessary: there is a simple ideafar from newthat could spare millions of such people a
28、lifetime of chronic (长期的)ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service(NHS)at least & 14 billion a year in England and Wales. There would, you might think, be considerable public interest in it. This simple idea is that sugar is as goodor as badas poison and should be avoided. It
29、 is pure, white and deadly, as Professor John Yudkin described it 40 yearsago in a revolutionary book of that name. The subtitle was How Sugar Is Killing US.C)In its countless hidden forms, in ready meals, junk food and sweet drinks, sugar leads to addiction (瘾), to hormonal upsets to the appetite,
30、to metabolic (新陈代谢的)malfunctions and obesity and from there to type 2 diabetes (糖尿病)and its many horrible complications. If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the “ fat man of Europe“. They might even feel driven to support government measures to
31、 prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff. Yet so far this idea has met little but resistance.D)It is not difficult to imagine the vested interests (既得利益集团)lined up against any sugar controlall the food and drink manufacturers, processors, promoters and retailers who make such easy pickings o
32、ut of the magic powers of sugar. Then there are the liberals, with whom I would normally side, who protest that government regulation would be yet another instance of interference in our lives.E)That is true, but people should realise that you cannot have a welfare state without a nanny state (保姆国家)
33、, to some degree. If we are all to be responsible for one anothers health insurance, through socialised medicine, then we are all closely involved in one anothers health, including everyones eating and drinking. That has already been admitted, finally, with smoking. But it has yet to be admitted wit
34、h overeating, even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050. Quite apart from anything else, obesity will cripple the NHS.F)Recently, though, there have been signs that the medical establishment is trying to sound the alarm. Last mont
35、h the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges (AMRC)published a report saying that obesity is the greatest public health issue affecting the UK and urging government to do something.G)The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a y
36、ear, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start. The amounts of sugar in soft drinks are horrifying, and turn straight to fat. As Professor Terence Stephenson, head of the AMRC, has said, sugary soft drinks are “ the ultimate bad food. You are just c
37、onsuming neat sugar. Your body didnt evolve to handle this kind of thing. “H)Precisely. The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different)pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar. And it is everywhere. I)It is difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other th
38、an plain, unprepared meat, fish or vegetables, that doesnt have a large amount of sugar in it.This has come about because the prevailing scientific views of the 1960s and 1970s ignored the evidence about sugar, and instead saw fat as the really serious risk, both to the heart and other organs, as we
39、ll as the cause of obesity. J)The fashion was to avoid fat.But finding that food with much of its fat removed is not very appetising, food producers turned to sugar as a magic alternative flavour enhancer, often in the forms of syrups (糖浆)that had recently been developed from corn, and put it genero
40、usly into most prepared foods and soft drinks. K)This stuff is not just fattening. It is addictive. It interferes with the bodys metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone. Theres plenty of evidence for this, for those who will accept the truth. L)Theoretically, people
41、ought to make “healthy choices“ and avoid overeating.But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.So the snacking, overdrinking and overeating that makes people fat is not really their own fault: obesity is in large part something that is being done to them. It should be stoppe
42、d, or rather the government should stop it. M)Going round my local supermarket, I am constantly astonished that it is still legal to sell all the poisons stacked high on the shelves.The problem is that they are worse than useless.They are poisonous. They are known to be addictive.They are known to m
43、ake people obese.And giving small children sweet drinks or bottles of fake juice all day long is nothing less than child abuse.N)Clearly, the sale of such stuff ought to be illegal. I hate to think of yet more government regulation. But a bit of tax on sweet soda and a little more health education,
44、a bit of cooking in schools and banning vending machines ( 自动售货机)here and thereas suggested by the AMRC reportis not going to achieve very much.Labelling is quite inadequate.What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.O)In June 2012, the then minister
45、for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS. However, nothing has happened yet. Why not have another Jammie Dodger biscuit and forget about it.47 Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve
46、 peoples health as well as save medical expenses.48 Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.49 Giving small children sweet juices to drink all the time is equal to child abuse.50 Looking around, the author found obesity quite widespread.51 The number of obese
47、 people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.52 If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.53 It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.54 T
48、he government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.55 Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.56 Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.Section C56 Th
49、e rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. But the Internets tremendous impact has only just begun.“ Mass adoption of the
