1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 369（无答案）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. Wh
2、en the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.0 How to Become a More Effective LearnerThe best ways to become an effective learner: 1. Memory Improvement Bas
3、icsa) Basic tips : improving focus, avoiding cram sessions etc. b) More lessons from【1 】2. Keep Learning and Practicing New Thingsa) One surefire way: to simply keep learningb) One way to keep new information: keep practicing and【2】it3. Learn in Multiple Waysa) Find a way to exercise the information
4、 both【3】b) Effect: to further cement the knowledge in your mind4. Teach What Youve Learned to Another Persona) To teach is one of the best ways to learn somethingb) Start by【4】the information into your own words5.【5】Previous Learning to Promote New Learningrelational learning: relating new informati
5、on to things you know. 6. Gain Practical ExperienceBest ways to improve learning: put new knowledge and skills into【6】7. Look Up Answers Rather Than Struggle to Remembera) When you forget something, the best way is to find【7】b)Reason: trying to recall information results in learning the “errorstate“
6、8. Understand How You Learn Besta) Recognize your learning habits and【8】b) Look at materials 1o decide your suitable learning strategies. 9. Use Testing to Boost Learninga)【9】actually helps you better remember what youve learnedb) Students who take tests have better long-term recall10. Stop Multitas
7、kinga) Multitasking can actually make learning【10】b) Ways to avoid multitasking: focusing your attention on the task at handcontinuing working for a predetermined amount of time.SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the qu
8、estions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.11 At what age will most children enter a grammar school or a secondary school?（A）Ten（B） Eleven.（C） Twe
9、lve.（D）Sixteen.12 How does the English school system work now?（A）Children will have to take an examination at the age of eleven.（B） Most children can leave school before the age of sixteen.（C） Children dont have to take an examination at the age of sixteen.（D）Most children start school at the age of
10、 fiv13 Why does Alice think the school system has been improved?（A）Because most children would do better in grammar school.（B） Because most children would do better in comprehensive school.（C） Because children dont have to take an exam which determines their fate at an early age.（D）Because most youn
11、g children are not good at taking exams.14 Which of the following statements expresses the view of Alice?（A）The children should be encouraged to enjoy the subjects.（B） The current schools should improve their efficiency.（C） The children should learn more subjects that are useful when they leave scho
12、ol.（D）The children are too young to understand the problems we are facing now.15 Which of the following subjects are NOT mentioned as one that children study for experience?（A）Drama.（B） Social studies.（C） Economy.（D）Sociology.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everythi
13、ng ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.16 How much will Ford provide as pension funds to the employees of Jaguar and Land Rover?（A）$600m.（B） $10bn.（C） $2. 5bn.（D）250017 Which of the
14、following is TRUE of the people suffering from the accident?（A）15 evacuated, 2 seriously injured, 5 missing.（B） 15 evacuated, 2 moderately injured, 5 missing.（C） 50 evacuated, 2 moderately injured, none missing.（D）50 evacuated, 2 seriously injured, none missing.18 Rescuers have been denied access in
15、to the building for the following reasons EXCEPT（A）the possibility of the building collapsing.（B） the likely explosion from the gas tank.（C） the possible subsequent rockslides.（D）the noise and trembling at the moment.19 Which of the following is TRUE of the people suffering from the accident?（A）15 e
16、vacuated, 2 seriously injured, 5 missing.（B） 15 evacuated, 2 moderately injured, 5 missing.（C） 50 evacuated, 2 moderately injured, none missing.（D）50 evacuated, 2 seriously injured, none missing.20 Rescuers have been denied access into the building for the following reasons EXCEPT（A）the possibility
17、of the building collapsing.（B） the likely explosion from the gas tank.（C） the possible subsequent rockslides.（D）the noise and trembling at the moment.20 Of all the depressing statistics about a lifetime of consumer existence, this may be the most distressing: each of us is destined to spend roughly
18、1. 2 years on hold. More than a year of your life will be spent on the phone listening to Musk stations like Aura, Moonscapes, and Tropical Breezes while being serially apologized to by robotic voices better calibrated to taunt than sympathize. As you might have feared, theres nothing random about t
19、his common, near-death experience. Modern corporations, with the help of psychologists, have actually made a science out of keeping you on the line, using harmonic soporifics in an effort to subdue your rage. They want you to enjoy the experienceor at least hate it lessin the hope that you will buy
20、what they are selling when you finally get the chance. But where did the idea that music could be a tonic to calm angry consumers come from? What makes us happier. , silence, music, or estimated wait times? And does the practice of interrupting hold music every 30 seconds with a message apologizing
21、for, well, keeping you on hold, make the situation any better?Simon Morrison, a musicologist at Princeton University, says that we can thank a French composer named Erik Satire for the birth of background music. Though it hardly seems possible that the Musk pumped into malls could actually influence
22、 shoppers, the truth is, alas, that it does. James Cellars, a marketing professor at the University of Cincinnati, says that music can have an impact on a wide array of customers behaviors, changing their perception of time, conditioning them to associate a song with a brand, or limiting their abili
23、ty to critically analyze a potential purchase due to musical distraction. Our brains have a finite bandwidth for taking in and processing information, and clogging that bandwidth with music is sometimes enough to prevent us from making rational purchasing decisions, or worrying about the time. An ea
24、sy-listening version of “Rock and Roll All Nite“ might lower your barrier to spending $ 30 on gimmicky boxers, but not all music alleviates the frustrating experience of waiting on hold. Kellaris says that while musical distraction often causes time to feel like its passing more quickly, particularl
25、y dull, or overly familiar, music can actually make the wait feel longer. Familiar music may act as a sort of “Zip file“, says Kellaris, referring to the common format computers use to compress large volumes of data into a smaller package. “If you hear an excerpt of a familiar piece of music, it mig
26、ht cue recall of the entire piece. “ Kellaris also cautions that numerous factors, including mindset and settingand in one of his studies, even genderdetermine the effect that background music has on us. Anta Rafaela, a professor at the Israel Institute of Technology, and her former graduate student
27、s Nina Munich or and Liad Weiss have looked specifically into what keeps us on the lineand happy when were on hold. In a paper Munich or and Rafaela compared hold music, estimated wait times, and recorded apologies for their effectiveness. In the first of two experiments, Munichor and Rafaeli found
28、that callers who were given information about their place in line reported more positive experiences than those who were played background music. And as for recorded apologies? They can make the situation worse, said Rafaeli, since they interrupt background music without providing any useful informa
29、tion. In the second experiment, Munich or and Rafaeli found that the feeling of progressing toward the front of the line, rather than the perception of a short wait, improved caller reactions the most. Another surprising finding, said Rafaela, is that interactive voice response (IVR) systems can act
30、ually assuage our on-hold rage more effectively than music. Again, the most important thing is the perception of moving toward a goal. “People like to complain about these Virus,“ said Rafaela, “but usually, I think, the complaints are because the systems are too long and too complicated. “All of wh
31、ich raises some disturbing possibilities. Would it be ethical for a company to lie to you about your position in line if it made you feel better and promoted commerce by exposing you to a sales pitch, say, for cheap appetizers when you call the local pizza-delivery joint? What about charging you a f
32、ee to jump to the head of the line? The answers are not entirely clear, in part because the science of being on hold is still young and its ethical concerns largely unexplored. What is clear is that each day we grow more accustomed to life on hold. By the time intelligent robots rise up and become o
33、ur overlords, they probably wont have to subjugate us, Terminator styletheyll simply lull us into servitude with Ninjas and pitch-perfect estimates of our place in the queue. Perhaps then well yearn for the good old days, when, at the very least, we got an apology for the inconvenience.21 What does
34、the author mean by saying “theres nothing random about this common, near-death experience“?（A）Music like Aura and Tropical Breezes is carefully chosen for festivals.（B） The music is played on purpose to keep consumers on hold.（C） Spending 1. 2 years of the lifetime on the line is our destiny.（D）Mode
35、rn corporations bring us near-death experience.22 According to James Cellars, which of the following is INCORRECT?（A）Background music may let customers feel time pass more quickly instead of slowly.（B） Certain music can lead customers to choose a certain brand of commodity.（C） Distracted by backgrou
36、nd music customers may fail to choose items rationally.（D）Customers may forget time while shopping with music in the background.23 According to the experiments by Anta Rafaela and her graduates, which can be the best idea for the benefit of a company?（A）To play background music to the callers in the
37、 purpose of speeding up the process.（B） To play ready made robotic apologies to ease the feelings of waiting callers.（C） To inform the callers of their position in the phone line.（D）To tell the callers that they are moving near to the front of the line.24 What would happen by the time when smart rob
38、ots become our rulers?（A）Robots will force human beings to servitude in Terminator style.（B） We might be apologized for the inconvenience caused.（C） We will have to be completely accustomed to life on hold.（D）We might be subject to the robots and follow their orders.25 What is the authors attitude t
39、oward life on hold?（A）Indignant.（B） Worried.（C） Indifferent.（D）Optimistic.25 When European education ministers met in Bologna in 1999 and promised within a decade to forge a common market for universities, it seemed mere Euro-rhetoric. Big obstacles stopped students nipping abroad for a term, or get
40、ting degrees recognized. Many countries offered no degree below Masters level. Some examined course modules separately, others all in one go. Under the Erasmus programmed many students traveled to other European countries for between a term and a yearbut they often found their universities reluctant
41、 to give them credit for it. Yet on April 28th no fewer than 46 European education ministersfrom the European Union and 19 other countries, including Russia and Turkeywill gather in another ancient university city, Leaven, to declare the “Bologna process“ a triumph. A “European credit-transfer syste
42、m“ is on its way; next year will bring a “European higher education area“. There will be a standardized “diploma supplement“ giving details of what students have learnt. And three-year Bachelors degrees followed by two-year Masters are now the general rule, with few exceptions. “The big surprise was
43、 that the Bologna process worked at all,“ says Jean-Marc Rapp, president of the European University Association. Bologna is neither an inter-governmental treaty nor an EU law. It credits the eastern European countries that joined Bologna in 1999 for some of the success. Their governments were itchin
44、g to reform communist-era universities and delighted to have a template for it and their students were wild to travel. Another reason why some governments embraced Bologna was to give cover for reforms they wanted anyway. Shorter, more work-related degrees appealed to the Germans, keen to stop stude
45、nts hanging on for years at taxpayers expense. In France, changes to university financing have been called “Bologna“. In Spain “Bologna“ is the excuse for introducing fees for Masters degrees. Many students now anathematize “Bologna“ as a capitalist plot. They plan protests in given; already, studen
46、ts have taken to the streets in France, Italy, Spain and Greece. The resemblance to the Anglo-American system, plus Bolognas emphasis on graduate employability, is big grievances. Some academics fret that the secret aim is to privatize universities. Bolognas endorsement of more autonomy could lead (
47、horrors!) to more freedom for universities in hiring, promotion and pay. Europe is littered with historic universities (Bologna is the oldest, founded in 1088). But the paucity of European institutions and the ubiquity of American ones at the top of international league tables are a constant reminde
48、r of the gap between glorious past and mediocre present. For believers, Bologna shows the way to a future that will be glorious once more. Yet this vision of self-governing universities, footloose students and job ready graduates omits one big reason for European universities decline: money. In Amer
49、ica, the gap between what governments pay and what universities need is made up privately, mainly by tuition fees. In most of Europe students pay nothing. Even in England, tuition fees are capped by the government at low levels. Europes universities have seen funding per student fall behind wage inflation by 12% a year over three decades. America devotes far more of its GDP to higher education. Burgle, a Brussels-based think-tank, finds that universities carrying out top-class research and leading league tables have both more autonomy and more money
