1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 605（无答案）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. Wh
2、en the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.0 Characteristics of American CultureI. PunctualityA. Going to the theaterbe (1)_ twenty minutes prior (1)_B. E
3、ateries response for delaying (2)_: (2)_push the reservation to the end of the listC. Dining with Americans at home: be slightly less restrictiveII. EqualityA First come, (3)_. (3)_B. Bribery to receive any (4)_ is not recommended. (4)_III. Little concern about dressA no appreciation for (5)_ about
4、peoples dress (5)_B. popularity of uniform of jeans and (6)_ (6)_IV. (7)_ to feminism words among women (7)_A. be proud of a choice between office and homeB. dislike such issues as gun control, abortion rights, and (8)_ (8)_V. Pride of efficiency above all elseA. think of almost everything in units
5、to be producedin the most time and (9) manner. (9)_B. work to earn money to buy consumer goods that will pump money into the economyVI. ConclusionYou are supposed to remember:A. the guidelines pointing to characteristicsthat are considered prevalent in (10)_; (10)_B. the traits often misunderstood o
6、r overlooked by typical short-term visitors.1 (1)2 (2)3 (3)4 (4)5 (5)6 (6)7 (7)8 (8)9 (9)10 (10)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the
7、 interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.11 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about Miss Chan?（A）She is older than most undergraduate students.（B） She majors in French and minors in Marketing.（C） She has work expe
8、rience before entering the university.（D）She succeeds in shortening the academic years.12 Which of the following is TRUE about Miss Chans language skills?（A）She develops virtually native level of Mandarin.（B） Her French is obviously better than English.（C） She speak French on many occasions.（D）Her l
9、anguages are useless at critical moments.13 According to Miss. Chan, a Marketing Officer Trainee should do all the following EXCEPT（A）be supervised by a Marketing Office at first.（B） assume many duties shortly after employed.（C） keep records and carry out plans.（D）show more initiative as time goes b
10、y.14 As implied by the interviewer, the remarks by Miss Chans referee possibly mean that（A）Miss Chan was once dismissed by the employer.（B） Miss Chan was not on good terms with her co-workers.（C） Miss Chan once quitted after giving a specific reason.（D）Miss Chan had a fierce quarrel with one of her
11、employers.15 Which of the following is NOT the prospect for the position?（A）Receiving a competitive paycheck.（B） Chance to develop a specialism.（C） Privilege to skip the probationary period.（D）Six months further training after probation.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will he
12、ar everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.16 What is the main idea of the news item?（A）Mr. Olmert was confirmed of having taken bribes from a Jewish American businessman.（B）
13、Mr. Olmert was suspected of taking bribes and the inquiries might affect the peace process.（C） Mr. Olmert, the head of government, deflected the peace efforts with the Palestinians.（D）Mr. Olmert would resign because he took hundreds of thousands of dollars in bribes.17 General Ban Ki-moon is urging
14、the Burmese government to（A）hold the constitutional referendum.（B） allow in foreign search and rescue teams.（C） accept international aid right away.（D）adopt John Holmes suggestions.18 John Holmes thought that the Burmese government could be more _ following the constitutional referendum.（A）naive（B）
15、feasible（C） open（D）elastic19 When voting, the minorities agreed to cut the legal time limit for abortion to（A）24 weeks.（B） 12 weeks.（C） 23 weeks.（D）22 weeks.20 Together with Hurricane Elida, there have been _ storms in this season.（A）fifteen（B） two（C） forty（D）five20 “The world isnt flat,“ writes Edw
16、ard Glaeser, “its paved.“ At any rate, most of the places where people prefer to dwell are paved. More than half of humanity now lives in cities, and every month 5 million people move from the countryside to a city somewhere in the developing world.For Mr Glaeser, a Harvard economist who grew up in
17、Manhattan, this is a happy prospect. He calls cities “our species greatest invention“: proximity makes people more inventive, as bright minds feed off one another; more productive, as scale gives rise to finer degrees of specialisation; and kinder to the planet, as city-dwellers are more likely to g
18、o by foot, bus or train than the car-slaves of suburbia and the sticks. He builds a strong case, too, for town-dwelling, drawing on his own research as well as that of other observers of urban life. And although liberally sprinkled with statistics, Triumph of the City is no dry work. Mr Glaeser writ
19、es lucidly and spares his readers the equations of his trade.What makes some cities succeed? Successful places have in common the ability to attract people and to enable them to collaborate. Yet Mr Glaeser also says they are not like Tolstoys happy families: those that thrive, thrive in their own wa
20、ys. Thus Tokyo is a national seat of political and financial power. Singapore embodies a peculiar mix of the free market, state-led industrialisation and paternalism. The well-educated citizenries of Boston, Milan, Minneapolis and New York have found new sources of prosperity when old ones ran out.M
21、r Glaeser is likely to raise hackles in three areas. The first is urban poverty in the developing world. He can see the misery of a slum in Kolkata, Lagos or Rio de Janeiro as easily as anyone else, but believes that “theres a lot to like about urban poverty“ because it beats the rural kind. Cities
22、attract the poor with the promise of a better lot than the countryside offers. About three-quarters of Lagoss people have access to safe drinking water; the Nigerian average is less than 30%. Rural West Bengals poverty rate is twice Kolkatas.The second is the height of buildings. Mr Glaeser likes th
23、em talland its not just the Manhattanite in him speaking. He likes low-rise neighbourhoods, too, but points out that restrictions on height are also restrictions on the supply of space, which push up the prices of housing and offices. That suits those who own property already, but hurts those who mi
24、ght otherwise move in, and hence perhaps the city as a whole.So Mr Glaeser wonders whether central Paris might have benefited from a few skyscrapers. He certainly believes that his hometown should preserve fewer old buildings. And he thinks that cities in developing countries should build up rather
25、than out. New downtown developments in Mumbai, he says, should rise to at least 40 storeys.The third, related, area is sprawl, which is promoted, especially in America, by flawed policies nationally and locally. Living out of town may feel green, but it isnt. Americans live too far apart, drive too
26、much and walk too little. The tax-deductibility of mortgage interest encourages people to buy houses rather than rent flats, buy bigger properties rather than smaller ones and therefore to spread out. Minimum plot sizes keep folk out of, say, Marin County, California. He says that spreading Houston
27、has “done a better job of providing affordable housing than all of the progressive reformers on Americas East and West coasts.“Cities need wise government above all else, and they get it too rarely. That is one reason why, from Paris in 1789 to Cairo in 2011, they are sources of political upheaval a
28、s well as economic advance. The reader may wonder if Mumbai really would be better off as a city of high-rise slums rather than low-rise ones.21 The sentence in the first paragraph “The world isnt flat. its paved.“ implies that（A）the world is a round settled planet.（B） citys are built by human being
29、s.（C） urban life is better than suburban life.（D）people prefer to dwell in the countryside.22 Which of the following does NOT show the results of urbanization?（A）It enables citizens to think and work creatively.（B） Manufacturing productivity has been improved.（C） It encourages more environment frien
30、dly living style.（D）It attracts people and enables them to collaborate.23 According to Mr Glaesers theory, which of the following is NOT true?（A）People should notice something positive about urban poverty.（B） Low-rise neighbourhoods are advisable in developing countries.（C） The mortgage interest pol
31、icy promotes sprawl in America.（D）The story of Marin County is a good demonstration of flawed policies.24 Which of the following adjectives best describes the authors treatment of Glaesers argumentation?（A）Indifferent（B） Neutral（C） Affirmative（D）Critical24 Imagine that you could rewind the clock 20
32、years, and youre 20 years younger. How do you feel? Well, if youre at all like the subjects in a provocative experiment by Harvard psychologist Ellen Langer, you actually feel as if your body clock has been turned back two decades. Langer did a study like this with a group of elderly men some years
33、ago, retrofitting an isolated old New England hotel so that every visible sign said it was 20 years earlier. The menin their late 70s and early 80swere told not to reminisce about the past, but to actually act as if they had traveled back in time. The idea was to see if changing the mens mindset abo
34、ut their own age might lead to actual changes in health and fitness.Langers findings were stunning: After just one week, the men in the experimental group (compared with controls of the same age) had more joint flexibility, increased dexterity and less arthritis in their hands. Their mental sensitiv
35、ity had risen measurably, and they had improved posture. Outsiders who were shown the mens photographs judged them to be significantly younger than the controls. In other words, the aging process had in some measure been reversed.Though this sounds a bit woo-wooey, Langer and her Harvard colleagues
36、have been running similarly inventive experiments for decades, and the accumulated weight of the evidence is convincing. Her theory, argued in her new book, Counterclockwise, is that we are all victims of our own stereotypes about aging and health. We mindlessly accept negative cultural cues about d
37、isease and old age, and these cues shape our self-concepts and our behavior. If we can shake loose from the negative cliches that dominate our thinking about health, we can “mindfully“ open ourselves to possibilities for more productive lives even into old age.Consider another of Langers mindfulness
38、 studies, this one using an ordinary optometrists eye chart. Thats the chart with the huge E on top, and descending lines of smaller and smaller letters that eventually become unreadable. Langer and her colleagues wondered: what if we reversed it? The regular chart creates the expectation that at so
39、me point you will be unable to read. Would turning the chart upside down reverse that expectation, so that people would expect the letters to become readable? Thats exactly what they found. The subjects still couldnt read the tiniest letters, but when they were expecting the letters to get more legi
40、ble, they were able to read smaller letters than they could have normally. Their expectation their mindsetimproved their actual vision.That means that some people may be able to change prescriptions if they change the way they think about seeing. But other health consequences might be more important
41、 than that. Heres another study, this one using clothing as a trigger for aging stereotypes. Most people try to dress appropriately for their age, so clothing in effect becomes a cue for ingrained attitudes about age. But what if this cue disappeared? Langer decided to study people who routinely wea
42、r uniforms as part of their work life, and compare them with people who dress in street clothes. She found that people who wear uniforms missed fewer days owing to illness or injury, had fewer doctors visits and hospitalizations, and had fewer chronic diseaseseven though they all had the same socioe
43、conomic status. Thats because they were not constantly reminded of their own aging by their fashion choices. The health differences were even more exaggerated when Langer looked at affluent people: presumably the means to buy even more clothes provides a steady stream of new aging cues, which wealth
44、y people internalize as unhealthy attitudes and expectations.Langers point is that we are surrounded every day by subtle signals that aging is an undesirable period of decline. These signals make it difficult to age gracefully. Similar signals also lock all of usregardless of ageinto pigeonholes for
45、 disease. We are too quick to accept diagnostic categories like cancer and depression, and let them define us.Thats not to say that we wont encounter illness, bad moods or a stiff back. But with a little mindfulness, we can try to embrace uncertainty and understand that the way we feel today may or
46、may not connect to the way we will feel tomorrow.25 According to the first paragraph, the experiment is designed by Ellen Langer to show（A）how men could rewind the body clock.（B） how the old men traveled back to the past.（C） how the old hotel influences peoples mind.（D）how the state of mind influenc
47、es health.26 Which of the following is NOT true about the old men in the experimental group during Langers experiment?（A）They look younger than they are.（B） They look much happier than before.（C） Their joints tend to be more flexible.（D）They have fewer diseases than before.27 The word woo-wooey in t
48、he third paragraph probably means（A）marvelous（B） incredible（C） impractical（D）mysterious28 What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the topic?（A）To show how to use an eye chart in an unordinary way.（B） To show that the regular eye chart is not properly designed.（C） To offer support
49、ing evidence to the preceding paragraphs.（D）To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.29 The sentence in the sixth paragraph “Similar signals also. for disease“ implies that _（A）We tend to accept that becoming old is inevitable.（B） We usually have no doubts about doctors diagnosis.（C） Illness often leaves us in a difficult situation.（D）Fixed ideas about illnesses can worsen the situation.30 We can infer from the passage that
