1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 871（无答案）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fi
2、ll in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.0 Cultural Differences between East and West I. Factors leading to the cultural differencesA. Different culture【T1】_【T1】_ Eastern culture
3、:a)China: Yellow Riverb)India:【T2】_【T2】_ European culture:a)Base: Ancient Greece and Ancient Romeb)European culture crossed over the【T3】_【T3】_B. Different language systems Eastern: mostly belonging to pictographic language Western: mostly based on【T4】_【T4】_C. Other factors: different【T5】_【T5 】_ infr
4、equent【T6】_between the East and West【T6】_a)far distance and the steep areab)no【 T7】_ from each other【T7】_II. Different behavior in peoples daily lifeA【T8 】_【T8 】_ the Chinese greeting:a)questions about whether you have your meal or notb)questions about where you are goingc)two gentlemen greet with【T
5、9】_【T9】_ the Western greeting:a)with a smile or with a “Hi“b)shaking hands only in formal situations B. Expressing gratitude the Eastern way:a)rarely say “Thank you“, otherwise, youre【T10】_【T10】_b)an exception:【T11】_(11) the Western way:a)thank you is the most【T12】_phrases【T12】_III. How to handle cu
6、lture gapA. No【T13 】_ any of the cultures【T13】_ every nation has its own【T14】_(14) we should pay equal respect for each cultureB. Learning how to coordinate different cultures by avoiding【T15】_【T15】_C. Starting to communicate by taking in strong points from the foreign cultures1 【T1】2 【T2】3 【T3】4 【T
7、4】5 【T5】6 【T6】7 【T7】8 【T8】9 【T9】10 【T10】11 【T11】12 【T12】13 【T13】14 【T14】15 【T15】SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the question
8、s will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.（A）75% of them.（B） 40% of them.（C）
9、35% of them.（D）17.5% of them.（A）Less promotion space.（B） Competitions in their current situation.（C） Dissatisfaction with their income.（D）Unsatisfactory colleagues.（A）All year long.（B） At the beginning of the year.（C） At the end of the year.（D）In the middle of the year.（A）The housing sector.（B） The
10、tourism sector.（C） The manufacturing sector.（D）The service sector.（A）Neither good nor bad.（B） Bright.（C） Disappointing.（D）Gloomy.（A）Keep their paycheck and benefits.（B） Do some soul searching.（C） Ask for advice from their friends.（D）Change the job immediately.（A）Their paycheck.（B） Their benefits.（C）
11、 The work-life balance.（D）The advancement prospect.（A）One minute.（B） Half a minute.（C） 20 seconds.（D）10 seconds.（A）145 resumes.（B） 154 resumes.（C） 245 resumes.（D）345 resumes.（A）To provide some fine pictures.（B） To keep it concrete and detailed.（C） To use highlights and italics in format.（D）To custom
12、ize it for different employers.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.25
13、(1)When I was 10 years old one of my fathers customers had caught a big catfish on a weekend trip to the Colorado River. It weighed 86 pounds, a swollen, gasping, grotesque netherworld creature pulled writhing and fighting up into the bright, hot, dusty world above.(2)The man had brought the fish, w
14、rapped in wet burlap, all the way out to my fathers service station in the back of his car. We were to have a big barbecue that weekend, and I was given the job of keeping the fish watered and alive until the time came to kill and cook it.(3)All day long that Friday in late August, school had not ye
15、t started I knelt beside the gasping fish and kept it hosed down with a trickle of cool water, giving the fish life one silver gasp at a time, keeping its gills and its slick gray skin wet: the steady trickling of that hose, and nothing else, helping it stay alive. We had no tub large enough to hold
16、 the fish, and so I squatted beside it in the dust, resting on my heels, and studied it as I moved the silver stream of water up and down its back.(4)The fish, in turn, studied me with its eyes, which had a gold lining to their perimeter, like pyrite. The fish panted and watched me while the heat bu
17、ilt all around us, rising steadily through the day from the fields, giving birth in the summer-blue sky to towering white clouds. I grew dizzy in the heat, and from the strange combination of the unblinking monotony and utter fascination of my task, until the trickling from my hose seemed to be infl
18、ating those clouds I seemed to be watering those clouds as one would water a garden. Do you ever think that those days were different that we had more time for such thoughts, that time had not yet been corrupted? I am speaking less of childhood than of the general nature of the world we are living i
19、n. If you are the age I am now mid-50s then maybe you know what I mean.(5)The water pooled and spread across the gravel parking lot before running in wandering rivulets out into the field beyond, where bright butterflies swarmed and fluttered, dabbing at the mud I was making.(6)Throughout the aftern
20、oon, some of the adults who were showing up wandered over to examine the monstrosity. Among them was an older boy, Jack, a 15-year-old who had been kicked out of school the year before for fighting. Jack waited until no adults were around and then came by and said that he wanted the fish, that it wa
21、s his fathers that his father had been the one who had caught it and that he would give me five dollars if I would let him have it(7)“No,“ I said, “my father told me to take care of it.“(8)Jack had me figured straightaway for a Goody Two-Shoes. “Theyre just going to kill it,“ he said. “Its mine. Giv
22、e it to me and Ill let it go. I swear I will,“ he said “Give it to me or Ill beat you up.“(9)As if intuiting or otherwise discerning trouble though trouble followed Jack, and realizing that did not require much foresight my father appeared from around the corner, and asked us how everything was goin
23、g. Jack, scowling but saying nothing, tipped his cap at the fish but not at my father or me, and walked away.(10)“What did he want?“ my father asked(11)“Nothing,“ I said. “He was just looking at the fish.“ I knew that if I told on Jack and he got in trouble, I would get beaten.(12)“Did he say it was
24、 his fish?“ my father asked. “Was he trying to claim it?“(13)“I think he said his father caught it“(14)“His father owes us $67,“ my father said “He gave me the fish instead. Dont let Jack take that fish back.“(15)“I wont,“ I said.(16)I cant remember if Ive mentioned that, while not poor, we were rig
25、ht at the edge of poor.(17)The dusty orange sky faded to the cool purple-blue of dusk. Stars appeared and fireflies emerged from the grass. I watched them, and listened to the drum and groan of the bullfrogs in the stock tank in the field below, and to the bellowing of the cattle. I kept watering th
26、e fish, and the fish kept watching me, with its gasps coming harder. From time to time I saw Jack loitering, but he didnt come back over to where I was.(18)Later in the evening, before dark, but only barely, a woman I thought was probably Jacks mother I had seen her talking to him came walking over
27、and crouched beside me. She was dressed as if for a party of far greater celebration than ours, with sequins on her dress, and flat leather sandals. Her toenails were painted bright red, but her pale feet were speckled with dust as if she had been walking a long time. I could smell the whiskey on he
28、r breath, and on her clothes, I thought, and I hoped she would not try to engage me in conversation, though such was not to be my fortune.(19)“Thiss a big fish,“ she said(20)“Yes, maam,“ I said, quietly. I dreaded that she was going to ask for the fish back.(21)“My boy and my old man caught that fis
29、h,“ she said “Youll see. Gonna have their pictures in the newspaper.“ She paused and stared at the fish as if in labored communication with it “That fish is worth a lot of money, you know?“ she said.(22)I didnt say anything. Her diction and odor were such that I would not take my first sip of alcoho
30、l until I was 22.26 The authors behavior of guarding the fish showed（A）bravery and self-control.（B） wisdom and responsibility.（C） devotion and romance.（D）chivalry and charity.27 From the fourth paragraph, we get the impression that（A）the author cherished his childhood memories.（B） the author spent m
31、uch time in daydreaming.（C） the author may not have a happy childhood（D）the author cant remember his childhood days.28 “Jack had me figured straightaway for a Goody Two-Shoes.“(Paragraph Eight)means that（A）I was not the boy as Jack supposed to be.（B） I was much stingier than Jack thought.（C） I was v
32、iewed as virtuous and righteous.（D）I was irritating and foolish in Jacks eyes.29 It can be inferred from the passage that Jack was all EXCEPT（A）cunning.（B） bad-tempered.（C） rude.（D）considerate.29 (1)Improving the balance between the working part of the day and the rest of it is a goal of a growing n
33、umber of workers in rich Western countries. Some are turning away from the ideals of their parents, for whom work always came first: others with scarce skills are demanding more because they know they can get it. Employers, caught between a falling population of workers and tight controls on immigra
34、tion, are eager to identify extra perks that will lure more “talent“ their way. Just now they are focusing on benefits(especially flexible working)that offer employees more than just pay.(2)Some companies saw the change of mood some time ago. IBM has more than 50 different programmes promoting work-
35、life balance and Bank of America over 30. But plenty of other firms remain unconvinced and many lack the capacity to cater to such ideas even if they wanted to. Helen Murlis, with Hay Group, a human-resources consultancy, sees a widening gap between firms at the creative end of employment and those
36、that are not.(3)The chief component of almost all schemes to promote work-life balance is flexible working. This allows people to escape rigid nine-to-five schedules and work away from a formal office. IBM says that 40% of its employees today work off the company premises. For many businesses, flexi
37、ble working is a necessity. Globalization has spread the hours in which workers need to communicate with each other and increased the call for flexible shifts.(4)Nella Barkley, an American who advises companies on work-life balance, says that large firms are beginning to understand the value of such
38、 schemes, “but only slowly“. For most of them, they still mean little more than child care, health care and flexible working.(5)Yet some schemes go well beyond these first steps. American Century Investments, an investment manager in Kansas City, pays adoption expenses and the cost of home-fitness e
39、quipment for its employees. Rob Marcolina, a consultant with Bain & Company based in Los Angeles, was allowed time off to marry his partner in Canada Mr Marcolina, who has an MBA from the high-ranked Kellogg business school, says his employers understanding makes him want to be “part of Bain for som
40、e time“.(6)Businesses have other good reasons for improving employees work-life balance. Wegmans Food Markets, a grocery chain based in Rochester, New York, frequently appears near the top of lists of the best employers in America It has a broad range of flexible-work programmes, which gives it one
41、of the lowest rates of employment turnover in its industry 8% a year for full-time workers, compared with 19% across the industry.(7)Simple programmes can be surprisingly cost-effective. IBM, for instance, is spending $50m over five years on “dependant-care“ facilities for its employees. Although th
42、at sounds generous, it is the e-quivalent of little more than $30 for each IBM employee every year. That is far cheaper than a pay rise and probably a better way to retain talented mothers and fathers. Ernst & Young, a global accounting firm, has a low-cost range of initiatives called “People First“
43、. It provides breaks for people to provide care and has over 2,300 flexi-time employees in the United States. James Freer, a senior executive, says he is “absolutely convinced“ the initiatives help produce better financial results.(8)DeAnne Aguirre, a mother of four and a senior partner in San Franc
44、isco with Booz Allen Hamil-ton(BAH), says “it is easy to make the business case“ for work-life balance,programmes at the consultancy by looking at attrition rates. BAH calculated that it was investing more than $2m in turning a raw recruit into a partner, an investment it should be reluctant to writ
45、e off. Coming, an American glass company, reckons that it costs 1.5 times a workers salary and benefits to replace him. If it can retain just 20 workers a year who would otherwise have left, Corning reckons it would produce annual savings of $2.6m.(9)The spread of flexible work has come about at lea
46、st partly as a result of initiatives to keep women workers. Companies have had to offer extended periods of leave for them to look after dependants(young and old), and flexible working in between. At BAH, women partners take an average of eight-and-a-half extended breaks during their careers. Men ta
47、ke an average of one-and-a-half. Ernst & Young, keen to show that part-time workers can also become partners, recently made the first such appointment in Houston, Texas.(10)Some of these initiatives are spreading even to the castles of binge working, such as investment banks. Business schools are no
48、w climbing on the bandwagon, too. In October Tuck School at Dartmouth, New Hampshire, will start a course on returning to corporate life after an extended absence. Called “Back in Business“, the 16-day, $12,000 re-entry programme is open only to students with “work experience in a high-potential car
49、eer“.(11)The majority will inevitably be mothers wanting to rejoin the workforce. But fathers are also asking for sabbaticals(公休假). Work-life balance “is not just a womens issue“ any more, says Ted Childs, who is in charge of workforce diversity at IBM. “Men, too, are very concerned about it.“(12)The demand is being stoked by the “Generation Y“, the under-28s. They
