1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 37（无答案）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. Whe
2、n the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.0 Burial Customs in Ancient EgyptEveryone burns fat differently. The search for the perfect diet has never been
3、more frenzied. Eat low-carb! No, eat low-fat! But beyond the hype, and the billions spent on weight-loss products, a【1】 【1】_idea is catching on with researchers. Each person has a【2】_key to weight loss. 【2】_For Katie White, 27, a San Francisco bookkeeper, the weight-loss process was【3】_ 【3】_differen
4、t. She didnt want to eliminate whole food groups, so decided instead to reduce her portion sizes. White snacked on fresh fruit and was【4】_about her daily regimen of sit-ups.【4】_One diet does not【5】_all. Each of us has markedly different indicators that 【5】_【6】_how quickly we gain weight,and how hard
5、 it will be to lose it. In addition to the basics, 【6】_such as height and age, scientists now realize our gender, genetics, metabolism, muscle mass, ethniclty, willingness to exercise, lifestyle, attitude and even where we live all come into play. This idea runs counter to what most diet-book author
6、s or pricey weight-loss centers preach: that their plan is the key to the kingdom of the slim.The【7】_approach to dieting has powerful proof. To be included, members must have 【7】_maintained a 30-pound weight loss for at least a year.Even the【8】_weight-loss program at the Duke Diet and Fitness Center
7、 in Durham, 【8】_North Carolina, which recently had only a single low-fat, low-salt plan consistent with American Heart Association guidelines, now gives patients choices. “As of last year, we offer a wider range of options, including three different【9】_of low-carb diets,“ says Howard Eisenson, MD, t
8、he 【9】_center s director. “There has been【10】_research showing that some people do very well 【10】_with those plans.“1 【1】2 【2】3 【3】4 【4】5 【5】6 【6】7 【7】8 【8】9 【9】10 【10】SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions th
9、at follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.11 Paul Ray said they discovered that a clear cultural change was happening in many areas except_.（A）peoples live
10、s（B） environmental issues（C） consumption patterns（D）media advertisements 12 According to Ray, the official culture is featured by_.（A）small government（B） dynamic media（C） materialism（D）the massive support from most Americans 13 Why do cultural creatives regard themselves alone in the society?（A）They
11、 are seldom mentioned by mass media（B） They dont express themselves（C） They have to sacrifice many things which are parts of their old lives（D）All of the above 14 Why are there so many women among Cultural Creatives, according to Ray?（A）Because they are not burdened so much as men（B） Because they ar
12、e more sensitive and feel more（C） Because they will push for change and for a better world because of their husbands（D）Because they have more intelligence and skills 15 Ray said he had been an activist, involved in_.（A）anti-discrimination movement（B） environmental movement（C） non-violence movement（D
13、）human rights movement SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.16 How many people have lost their sight?（A）40
14、0.（B） 137.（C） 8.（D）re than 20. 17 Why Chang aa is popular in poor areas?（A）It is very cheap.（B） It can make people highly dizzy.（C） It provides way for poor people to escape from the misery of slum living.（D）People who sell it can get great profit. 18 Now listen to the news Israel threatened to carr
15、y out a military strike if_.（A）Palestinian declared independence（B） Palestinian authority did not curb the militants（C） Palestinian authority support the military activities（D）Palestinian authority refused to join negotiation 19 Is reali troop near border with Gaza has_.（A）entered the Gaza Strip（B）
16、received order to attack Palestinian militants（C） been ordered to make preparation for possible military activities（D）been fighting Palestinian militants fiercely 20 What happened in early Sunday?（A）An Israeli sniper killed a Palestinian militant（B） Israeli troop has received order for further milit
17、ary acfivites（C） Rice visited Israel（D）Some militants has been arrested by Israeli army 20 Restricting the problem of Third World countries to hunger alonealthough not all people who live in poverty are permanently starvingis a manipulation. This way the unjust division of the world is disregarded.
18、And so we hear that out of six billion people in the world, only 800 million are starving. The reality is that two-thirds of the earth s population, or four billion people, lives in poverty.The gravest manipulation limits the problem to providing food for the starving alone. This reduces a man to hi
19、s digestive system. To feel better, international organizations initiate projects aimed at providing food for starving people. From time to time they send some rice or corn here and there.The real problem is that hunger is connected with terrible living conditions, disease, lack of basic education,
20、aggression, lack of family ties or social structures, no prospects and unproductiveness. What we see on TVmasses of people receiving help in a remote place on earthdoes not show the real problem. The problem is that those who live in refugee camps were deprived of their work-place and tools. I have
21、seen that many times, mainly in the tropics, where, once the soil is not cultivated for a short while, it dies. And people in the camps, mainly peasants, have no cattle or tools, not even a plow. All they have are mats on which they sleep. They will surely live such lives as long as they receive int
22、ernational help.With a little bit of good will and I with todays technology, hunger can be limited. But how can we reduce poverty?Education in Third World countries is dying because children cannot afford inexpensive pens. In Africa I have often met such children, who begged me for neither bread, wa
23、ter, chocolate nor toys, but for a pen because.they go to school and have nothing to write with.Such societies accept innovations very reluctantly: if I have 100 and invest 10, I can risk it because even I lose it, I will still have 90 left. But if I only have 10, invest it and lose it, I risk my li
24、fe.This proves that it is not only the problem of capital, but of a lack of good will and interest. The developed world surrounds itself with a sanitary cordon of indifference. It is putting up a global Berlin Wall since it sees the Third World as a world of barbarians. Any news from behind that wal
25、l is about wars, crane, murders, drugs, robberies, disease, refugees and famineabout things that constitute a danger for the developed nations.If we accept the fact that all people around the world, despite geography, history, climate ,and culture, deserve lives of dignity, then we have a moral obli
26、gation to change the mentality of the people brought into the culture Of poverty. New ideas about how to gain more independence and new visions of development have to be born within this culture. For this the people need a new generation of intellectuals and politicians, similar to those who granted
27、 them political independence. This does not mean, though, that the developed world can forget about the world of poverty and give up trying to help.21 The word “manipulation“ (see paragraph 1) most probably refers to_.（A）distortion（B） operation（C） control（D）management 22 When the author says that th
28、is reduces a man to his digestive system (see paragraph 2), he means_.（A）this makes a man suffer from digestive problems（B） other organs of a man are of the same importance as his digestive system（C） this makes no difference between a man and an animal（D）this decreases the quantity of food supply fo
29、r the starving animal 23 It could be inferred from the last four paragraphs that_.（A）third world countries are very conservative（B） third world countries lack education fund（C） developed countries are reluctant to take a risk in investing Third world countries（D）developed countries are expected to g
30、ive more help to Third world countries 24 In this passage, the author is intended to_.（A）expose the essence of poverty（B） launch criticism on the developed countries（C） emphasize the importance of education（D）reveal the poverty nature and criticize the developed countries 24 Credit, in commerce and
31、finance, term used to denote transactions involving the transfer of money or other property on promise of repayment, usually at a fixed future date. The transferor thereby becomes a creditor, and the transferee, a debtor; hence credit and debt are simply terms describing the same operation viewed fr
32、om opposite standpoints.The principal classes of credit are as follows: (1) mercantile or commercial credit, which merchants extend to one another to finance production and distribution of goods; (2) investment credit, used by business firms to finance the acquisition of plant and equipment and repr
33、esented by corporate bonds, long-term notes, and other proofs of indebted ness; (3) bank credit, consisting of the deposits, loans, and discounts of depository institutions; (4) consumer or personal credit, which comprises advances made to individuals to enable them to meet expenses or to purchase,
34、on a deferred payment basis, goods or service for personal consumption; (5) real-estate credit, composed of loans secured by land and buildings; (6) public or government credit, represented by the bond issues of national, state, and municipal governments; and (7) international credit, which is exten
35、ded to particular governments by other governments, by the nationals of foreign countries, or by international banking institutions, such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.The principal function of credit is to transfer property from those who own it to those who wish to u
36、se it, as in the granting of loans by banks to individuals who plan to initiate or expand a business venture. The transfer is temporary and is made for a price, known as interest, which varies with the risk involved and also with the demand for, and supply of, credit.Credit transactions have been in
37、dispensable to the economic development of the modern world. Credit puts to use property that would otherwise lie idle, thus enabling a country to more fully employ its resources. One of the most significant differences between some nations of Africa, Asia, and South America and the advanced Western
38、 nations is the extent to which the use of credit permits the latter to keep their savings continuously at work. The presence of credit institutions rests on the readiness of people to trust one another and of courts to enforce business contracts. The lack of adequate credit facilities makes it natu
39、ral and necessary for inhabitants of developing countries to hoard their savings instead of putting them to productive and profitable use. Without credit, the tremendous investments required for the development of the large-scale enterprise on which the high riving standards of the West are based wo
40、uld have been impossible.The use of credit also makes feasible the performance of the complex operations involved in modern business with out the constant handling of money. Credit operations are carried out by means of documents known as credit instruments, which include bills of exchange, money or
41、ders, checks, drafts, promissory notes, and bonds. These instruments are usually negotiable; they may legally be transferred in the same way as money. When the party issuing the instrument desires to prevent its use by anyone other than the party to whom it is issued, he or she may do so by inscribi
42、ng the words ,not negotiable“ on the instrument.Creditors sometimes require no other assurance of repayment than the debtors credit standing, that is, ones record of honesty in fulfilling financial obligations and ones current ability to fulfill similar obligations. Sometimes more tangible security,
43、 such as the guarantee of a third party, is required. Also, the debtor may be obliged to assign the rights to some other property, which is at least equal in value to the loan, as collateral security for payment. Bonds placed on sale by a corpotation are often secured by a mortgage on the corporatio
44、ns property or some part of it. Public borrowing, as by the issuance of bonds of a government, is usually unsecured, resting on the purchasers confidence in the good faith, taxing power, and political stability of the government. When goods are sold on a deferred-payment plan, the seller may either
45、retain legal ownership of the goods or hold a chattel mortgage until the final payment is made. The depositing of funds in a bank for safekeeping may also be regarded as a form of credit to the bank, as such funds are used for loan and investment purposes, and the bank is legally bound to repay them
46、 as an ordinary debtor.25 In the sentence “The lack of adequate credit facilities makes it natural and necessary for inhabitants of developing countries to hoard their savings instead of putting them to productive and profitable use.“, the word “hoard“ can be explained as_.（A）hire（B） save up（C） put
47、aside（D）store 26 What is the main idea of the last paragraph?（A）Security of credit.（B） Acquaintance of credit.（C） Items of credit.（D）Issuance of credit. 26 Anyone making long drives this summer will notice a new dimension to contemporary inequality: a widening gap between the users of automatic toil
48、-paying devices and those who pay cash. The E-ZPass system, as it is called on the East Coast, seemed like idle gadgetry when it was introduced a decade ago. Drivers who acquired the passes had to nose their way across traffic to reach specially equipped tollboothsand slow to a crawl while the machinery worked its magic. But now the sensors are sophisticated enough for you to whiz past them. As more lanes are dedicated to E-ZPass, lines lengthen for the saps paying cash.E-ZPass is one of many innovations that give you the option of trading a bit of privacy for a load of
