1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 55（无答案）Part ADirections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.1 Psychologists say there are two different kinds of loneliness.（A）Right（B） Wrong2 All kinds
2、of loneliness last only a short time.（A）Right（B） Wrong3 Temporary loneliness is very serious.（A）Right（B） Wrong4 Divorce sometimes causes loneliness.（A）Right（B） Wrong5 Loneliness can cause sleeplessness and headache.（A）Right（B） Wrong6 Chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years.（A）Right（B） W
3、rong7 Lonely people have no social contacts.（A）Right（B） Wrong8 The loneliest people are over 50 years old.（A）Right（B） Wrong9 Habitual loneliness can cause serious illness.（A）Right（B） Wrong10 Temporary and situational loneliness are also considered as an unhealthy but normal part of life.（A）Right（B）
4、WrongPart BDirections: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.11 Why is it necessary to give a coin to someone when you give him a present with a sharp edge or point?（A）To specially celebrate his birthd
5、ay.（B） To express some special meaning which you dare not tell directly.（C） To wish for a long-lasting friendship.（D）To wish your friend good luck in his life.12 Is Mollys uncle a superstitious person?（A）He wasnt before, but now he has become one.（B） Yes, he always believes in things which can bring
6、 him good or bad luck.（C） Yes, he always says that its bad Back to walk under a ladder.（D）No, he isnt, except when referring to walking under a ladder.13 According to Mollys grandmother, how many years of bad luck would be brought if she breaks a mirror?（A）Ten years.（B） Seven years.（C） Five year.（D）
7、Seven weeks.14 Which of the following statements about the telephone of the future is NOT true?（A）It will be much more complex than the telephone we use today.（B） It will be more convenient to use than todays telephone.（C） You will be able to dial great distances.（D）There will be no busy lines.15 Th
8、e screens of televisions of the future will become_.（A）extremely large（B） as large as walls in home（C） as large as the screens of movies（D）as large as you wish16 What will happen to the programs of television of the future?（A）All TV sets can receive some programs without paying money in a certain ar
9、ea.（B） You may pay for some special programs if you like.（C） If you are interested in a certain subject, you may borrow some tapes about it.（D）All of the above.17 When did the WashingtonPost. com get into the video news business?（A）1988.（B） 1989.（C） 1998.（D）1999.18 Which one of the following is NOT
10、viewed by the managing editor as competition in the market?（A）Magazines.（B） Television.（C） Newspaper.（D）Audience.19 What aspect of WashingtonP has been depreciated?（A）Narrative storytelling.（B） Visual and editing technique.（C） Documentary photography.（D）Time and attention of audience.20 What advice
11、does the manager give to those who are scared of unemployment?（A）Learn more skills.（B） Play new tricks.（C） Be more scrupulous.（D）Abandon the profession.Part CDirections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writin
12、g NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30.21 What kind of overview does the book intend to give about American society?22 Who wrote most of the articles in the book?23 What is said about the points of vi
13、ews of some articles on the same topic?24 In what form do most articles appear in this book?25 What is the criteria for choosing an earlier article rather than a later one?26 What type of students is the book mainly compiled for?27 What English language level are the readers of this book expected to
14、 have?28 What does the speaker say they would welcome from the readers?29 What do the compilers hope that the readers would do after reading the book?30 In general, what aspects of America are introduced into this book?一、Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and
15、fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Children who grip their pens too close to the writing point are likely to be at a disadvantage in examinations, (31) to the first serious investigation into the way in which writing technique can dramat
16、ically affect educational achievement.The survey of 643 children and adults, ranking from pre-school to 40-plus, also suggests (32) pen-holding techniques have deteriorated sharply over one generation, with teachers now paying far (33) attention to correct pen grip and handwriting style.Stephanie Th
17、omas, a learning support teacher (34) findings have been published, was inspired to investigate this area (35) she noticed that those students who had the most trouble with spelling (36) had a poor pen grip. While Mr. Thomas could not establish a significant statistical link (37) pen-holding style a
18、nd accuracy in spoiling, she (38) find huge differences in technique between the young children and the mature adults, and a definite (39) between near-point gripping and slow, illegible writing.People who (40) their pens at the writing point also show other characteristics (41) inhibit learning, (4
19、2) as poor posture, leaning too (43) to the desk, using four fingers to grip the pen (44) than three, and clumsy positioning of the thumb (which can obscure (45) is being written).Mr. Thomas believes that the (46) between elder and younger writers is (47) too dramatic to be accounted for simply by t
20、he possibility that people get better at writing as they grow (48). She attributes it to a failure to teach the most effective methods, pointing out that the differences between (49) groups coincides with the abandonment of formal handwriting instruction in classrooms in the sixties. “The 30-year-ol
21、d showed a huge diversity of grips, (50) the over 40s group all had a uniform tripod grip“.Part ADirections: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 It takes only a tiny magnetic field to see clear throu
22、gh a persons head, a new study shows. A method called ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has captured its first, blurry shots of a human brain, revealing activity as well as structure.MRI scanners image the human body by detecting how hydrogen atoms respond to magnetic fields. They typ
23、ically require fields of a few teslaabout 10,000 to 100,000 times stronger than the Earths magnetic field. The powerful magnets necessary make scanners pricey and also dangerous for people with metal implants.The new device hits a sample with a 30 millitesla magnetic field, about 100 times weaker th
24、an is normally used in MRI. The device then uses a 46 microtesla magnetic fieldabout the same as the Earths magnetic fieldto capture images of the sample.The first target for the device was the head of lead researcher Vadim Zotev of Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, U.S.“The cost of MRI
25、can be reduced dramatically“, Zotev says. The new set-up uses several ultra-sensitive sensors called superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), which have to be kept at very low temperatures. “The most expensive part of our system is the liquid helium cryostat, which costs about $20,000“
26、, Zotev adds.Ultra-low field MRI scanning was first performed with a single SQUID in 2004 by a group led by John Clarke at University of California, Berkeley, U.S., but this only allowed objects about the size of an apple to be scanned. The new device uses seven SQUIDs and can scan much larger objec
27、ts.MRI machines in the clinic today require a patient to be slotted into a long, cylindrical tube. Ultra-low field MRI machines can be much more open. “Microtesla MRI is more suitable for surgical environment than high-field MRI“, Zotev says. “Some medical equipment can be conveniently placed inside
28、 the scanner“, including surgical robots, Zotev says.Todays MRI machines can also be problematic for people with metal implants, since intense magnetic fields can move or heat them causing damage to surrounding tissue.Experiments show that ultra-low field MRI can image materials even when metal is p
29、laced near the magnets.However, ultra-low field MRI hasnt been tested on animals or people with metal implants yet. “It would be wrong to claim that it is absolutely safe“, Zotev says.Since the new device also doubles as magnetoencephalography (MEG) machine, by picking up the feeble magnetic fields
30、from electrical activity in the brain, it could perhaps let surgeons more easily identify areas of the brain with abnormal activity, such as in epilepsy.“This is the main advantage of the new set-up“, Clarke says. “Its a nice step forward“.51 The ultra-low field MRI captures images by using fields a
31、bout_.（A）10,000 to 100,000 times stronger than the Earths magnetic field.（B） 100 times weaker than the Earths magnetic field.（C） 100 times weaker than is normally used in MRI.（D）the same as the Earths magnetic field.52 What was the first ultra-low field MRI scanning of a human brain?（A）The one by Va
32、dim Zotev group with a single SQUID.（B） The one by Vadim Zotev group with seven SQUIDs.（C） The one by John Clarke group with a single SQUID.（D）The one by John Clarke group with seven SQUIDs.53 Why is ultra-low field MRI more suitable for surgical environment than high-field MRI?（A）Because the former
33、 can reduce the cost of MRI scanning dramatically.（B） Because patients today need slotting into a tube for high-field MRI scanning.（C） Because the former captures clearer images.（D）Because surgical robots can be conveniently placed into ultra-low field MRI scanners.54 Which of the following statemen
34、ts is NOT TRUE?（A）Tests show ultra-low field MRI scanning cannot move patients metal implants.（B） Powerful magnets are dangerous for people with metal implants.（C） High-field MRI scanning can heat or move patients metal implants.（D）The body tissue surrounding a metal implant can be damaged by todays
35、 MRI scanning.55 What is the main advantage of ultra-low field MRI according to John Clarke?（A）It can be adopted to implant metal device into a patients body.（B） It can be used to cure abnormal areas of brain.（C） Areas of brain with abnormal activity could be more easily identified by doctors using
36、it.（D）It doubles as MEG machine.56 A rocket thruster based on an engine designed to power a lunar lander on an expedition to the Moon has been successfully tested by the Northrop Grumman aerospace company in the U.S.The thruster runs on a mix of liquid methane and liquid oxygen, which has the potent
37、ial to be more efficient than other engines, but has never before been used to power or steer a spacecraft.Methane engines are a candidate for powering the liftoff vehicle NASA is developing to return astronauts from the lunar surface. Methane thrusters could be used for steering in space.Missions s
38、uch as landing on and taking off from the Moon put stringent requirements on engines. Importantly, rockets must be liquid-fuelled so they can be shut down and restarted if needed.The Apollo lunar landers used exotic mixtures called “hypergolic“ fuels, which ignite when they come into contact with a
39、matched oxidizer. Because they are liquids at or near room temperature, hypergolic fuels dont require heavy cryogenics or pressurized tanks, and can be stored longer than liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen (LOX) without boiling away.But the specific impulsea measure of propulsion powerof hypergolic e
40、ngines is only 260 to 310 seconds, compared to 425 to 455 seconds from liquid hydrogen and LOX. And hypergolic engines require the use of compounds such as nitrogen tetroxide and hydrazine, which are extremely toxic for astronauts and ground crews.Methane requires cooling to -161.6, close to the tem
41、perature of LOX, but well above the -252.9 degrees C needed for liquid hydrogen, reducing the mass of insulation and cooling equipment.Liquid methane is also denser than liquid hydrogen, so fuel tanks can be smaller than those for liquid hydrogen. And Northrops test engine has already beaten the spe
42、cific impulse of hypergolic fuels, although it cant match that of a liquid-hydrogen engine.The Northrop tests are a step toward answering NASA concerns about the ease of igniting methane, crucial for engine function, and have earned the company a 10-month contract for further engine development. “Th
43、e engine far exceeded performance requirements“, said Northrop programme manager Mark Trinidad. It was fired more than 50 times, a key capability for thrusters, which are used repeatedly.Meanwhile other teams are also working on more powerful methane/LOX engines suitable for lunar liftoff. Last year
44、, NASA engineers fired a methane-LOX engine for 103 seconds and XCOR Aerospace test-fired a methane-LOX engine that generated 33,400 newtons (7,500 pounds) of thrust in shorter bursts lasting about one second.The XCOR engine is soon to be test-fired in a vacuuma necessary test for space use. The com
45、pany is developing another lower-powered methane/LOX engine for the MarsFlyer aircraft being developed by Aurora Flight Systems, which may one day take to the skies over the red planet.56 What fuels does the rocket thruster use?（A）Liquid methane and liquid oxygen.（B） Methane.（C） Liquid hydrogen and
46、liquid oxygen.（D）LOX.57 What is the crucial requirement on the rockets of lunar lander engines?（A）They must use liquid fuels.（B） They must be able to land on and take off from the moon.（C） They must be able to shut down the engines when necessary.（D）They must be able to steer spacecrafts.58 What are
47、 the disadvantages of the hypergolic engines?（A）Their use of exotic fuels with a matched oxidizer.（B） Their use of hypergolic fuels which can easily evaporate.（C） Their requirement of containing fuels at room temperature in pressurized tanks.（D）Their short impulse and requirement of using toxic comp
48、ounds.59 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?（A）The liquidizing temperature is similar for both methane and oxygen.（B） The liquidizing temperature for hydrogen is lower than that for methane.（C） Liquid methane is higher in density than liquid hydrogen.（D）Liquid methane engines are longer i
49、n impulse than liquid-hydrogen engines but shorter than hypergolic engines.60 All of the following groups have test-fired methane/LOX engines except_.（A）NASA engineers.（B） XCOR Aerospace.（C） Aurora Flight Systems.（D）Northrop Grumman aerospace company.61 A mystery over what caused the brightest supernova ever observed finally appears to have been solved. Two astronomers in the Netherlands say the explosion was the result of a cosmic pileup: dozens of massive stars crashing into each other, producing a monstrous heavyweight star th
