1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 309（无答案）PART ADirections: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice.
2、 You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.0 PART BDirections: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.5 PART CDirections: You will hear thre
3、e dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece
4、 ONLY ONCE.11 What are the two speakers talking about?（A）The benefits of nuclear weapons.（B） The environmental pollution caused by nuclear-powered stations.（C） The disadvantages of used fuel.（D）The advantages of nuclear-powered stations.12 Where is the used fuel disposed of?（A）The United Nations Ato
5、mic Energy Authority.（B） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Organization.（C） The United States Atomic Energy Authority.（D）The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority.13 Which is NOT the advantage of the nuclear stations?（A）The nuclear stations are safer than the coal-fired stations.（B） The cost of buil
6、ding the nuclear stations is more than that of the coal-fired stations.（C） The cheaper running of the nuclear stations can offset its great construction.（D）The nuclear stations are much cleaner than the conventional ones.14 How does a whale keep itself warm?（A）By its thick layer of fat under its ski
7、n.（B） By moving frequently in the water.（C） By adjusting its blood temperature.（D）By taking in hot air.15 What do we learn about the blood temperature of a whale?（A）Grows colder as the blubber accumulates.（B） Remains the same.（C） Varies according to the water temperature.（D）Grows warmer as the whale
8、 grows older.16 In what way do whales distinguish themselves from other land mammals?（A）They have very few hairs on their bodies.（B） They bear their young rather than laying eggs.（C） Their lungs are full of hot air and water.（D）They can walk on their hind legs on land.17 According to the speaker, wh
9、at should the listeners do as soon as possible?（A）Find a roommate.（B） Hand in applications.（C） Go to Spanish house.（D）Buy a meal ticket for the cafeteria.18 Which type of housing allows cooking?（A）Women s dorms.（B） Men s dorms.（C） Family housing.（D）International houses.19 Which place has no more roo
10、m for students?（A）Coed dorms.（B） Family student housing.（C） International houses.（D）Spanish house.20 What will the listeners probably do next?（A）Visit the type of housing they like.（B） Move into the housing.（C） Fill out forms.（D）Buy a meal ticket. Part A20 What are the zebra stripes on the tomato so
11、up cans and potato chip bags? They are special black and white vertical lines. These black and white【B1】_can be read by an optical scanner, or computer. The “scanner,“ which【B2 】_the lines of code, is a small laser beam of light. When the light ray is broken by the black stripes, the computer “reads
12、“ the information about the product.This code is【B3 】_the Universal Product Code (UPC). It is designed 【B4】 _add speed and efficiency to stores by using computers. It can do this in【B5 】_ways. First, it is not necessary for workers to put individual prices on items.【B6】_using UPC, the computer can p
13、rint out the accurate price of the item. Errors in prices are eliminated, or done【B7】_with. Also, the time spent checking out is reduced.【B8】_gives an itemized receipt to the customer【B9】_all the items, prices, and totals. The store clerk does not need to spend time checking the price on the item an
14、d punching it into the cash register. This UPC computerized system will probably save as 【B10】_ as 45 percent of the checkout clerk s time.What do the stripes mean? How does the computer interpret the stripes? The number【B11 】_ below the vertical bars identifies the manufacturer and the manufacturer
15、 s item. As many as 10 trillion individual machine-readable numbers can be used with this system. In the example, the 0 on the left side means that it is a grocery item. The【B12】_51000 indicate the manufacturer. In this case it is the Campbell Soup Company. The【B13】_five digits, 00011, mean it is a
16、can of tomato soup. The light rays from the light beam read these lines, and the message is sent directly to the computer. The computer【B14 】_finds the information about this product (price, inventory data) and sends it instantly back to the terminal 【B15】_the checkout counter. At the same time, it
17、keeps an inventory for the store manager. Many products have labels with these stripes.21 【B1 】22 【B2 】23 【B3 】24 【B4 】25 【B5 】26 【B6 】27 【B7 】28 【B8 】29 【B9 】30 【B10 】31 【B11 】32 【B12 】33 【B13 】34 【B14 】35 【B15 】Part BDirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text b
18、y choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologiescomputers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such inno
19、vations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think.The rapid development of digital technologies creates n
20、ot only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge.Bu
21、t ironically, at the most knowledge-based entitiesthe colleges and universitiesthe pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although research has been transformed by information technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-educat
22、ion functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. However, some major technology-aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant chang
23、e throughout academia.American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia
24、was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional.Higher edu
25、cation has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providi
26、ng students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information.The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-leve
27、l education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce.36 Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies?（A）Laptop（B） Telephone（
28、C） Telecommunication networks.（D）Digital systems.37 Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in order to_.（A）make money（B） change the relationship between people and knowledge（C） take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologies（D）adapt to the development of digita
29、l technologies38 The phrase “higher-education functions“ (Line 4, Paragraph 3) probably means_.（A）increasing students ability（B） broaden students horizons（C） enriching students knowledge（D）the way of teaching39 The transformation resulted from the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 was_.（A）the populariz
30、ation of education（B） the establishment of secular education（C） the introduction of graduate education（D）the appearance of a competitive workforce40 Information technology will have an impact on the following aspects except_.（A）freeing the constraints of time and space on classroom（B） the chance stu
31、dents have to read original source materials（C） the way of communication（D）training students for professional career 40 Now the politics of US health reform is in a mess but the odds on a bill passing in the end are improving. It will not be a tidy thing, but if it moves the country close to univers
32、al health insurance the administration will call it a success.At this moment, that point of view may seem too optimistic. Last Friday, the Democratic leadership in the House of Representatives had hoped to produce a finished bill. But they failed, because the party s fiscal conservatives demanded fu
33、rther savings. House Democrats are also divided on revenue-raising measures.The Senate is dealing with the same problems: how to contain the cost of expanded insurance coverage, and how to pay for what remains, so that the reform adds nothing to the budget deficit over the course of 10 years.Where t
34、he money comes from remains the crucial problem. Apparently, the answer is straight-forward: tax employer-provided health benefits. At present, an employer in the U. S. is free from paying tax if he pays the health insurance while an individual purchaser has to buy it with after-tax dollars. This an
35、omaly costs nearly $ 250bn a year in revenueenough to pay for universal coverage, and then some. Yet many Democrats in both the House and the Senate oppose to ending it. Will there be a breakthrough in terms of that aspect?However, to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim, not somet
36、hing to be feared. Many US workers have complained that if they lose their job, their health insurance will go with it and tying insurance to employment will undoubtedly worsen the insecurity.What about high-risk workers who are thrown on to the individual market? If the tax break were abolished as
37、part of a larger reform which obliges insurers to offer affordable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions, it will not be a problem. It s true this change needs to increase tax, and many people in Congress are reluctant to contemplate in any form. But some kind of increase is i
38、nescapable. This one makes more sense than most.The President should say so. His Republican opponent John McCain called for this change during the election campaign and Mr Obama and other Democrats assailed the idea. So what? Mr. Obama has changed his ideas on other aspects of health reform. For exa
39、mple, it seems that he now prefers an individual mandate to buy insurance. Let us see a similar flexibility on taxing employer-provided insurance.41 According to the author, _.（A）the politics of U. S. health reform is a total failure（B） there is no possibility of passing a bill（C） it s difficult to
40、pass a bill（D）U. S. will achieve universal health insurance42 In the author s opinion, which of the following is “revenue-raising measures“?（A）Tax employer-provided health benefits.（B） Tax individual-purchased health insurance.（C） Ending taxing employer-provided health benefits.（D）Ending taxing indi
41、vidual-purchased health insurance.43 Why did the author say that to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim?（A）Because employers evaded paying taxes.（B） Because tying insurance to employment was bad to workers.（C） Because it s illegal for employers to provide health insurance.（D）Becau
42、se the administration needed to raise revenue.44 What does the author feel about President s preference to an individual s buying insurance?（A）Going back on his word.（B） Stubborn.（C） Flexible.（D）Short-sighted.45 What “change“ did John McCain once called for during the election campaign?（A）Increasing
43、 tax.（B） Obliging insurers to offer affordable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions.（C） Insurance should be bought by individual instead of being provided by employers.（D）To get employers out of health insurance.45 According to Peter Salovey, Yale psychologist and author of t
44、he term EQ, IQ gets you hired and EQ gets you promoted.Salovey tells of a simple test. Some four-year-old kids were invited into a room and were given the following instruction: “ You can have this marshmallow right now; or if you wait, you can have two marshmallows when I get back. “ Then, the rese
45、archer left. Some kids grabbed for the treat as soon as the researcher was out the door, while others waited for the researcher to return. By the time the kids reached high school, significant differences appeared between the two groups. The kids who held out for two marshmallows were better adjuste
46、d, more popular, more adventurous, more confident, and more dependable than kids in the quick gratification group. The latter group was also more likely to be lonely, more easily frustrated, more stubborn, more likely to buckle under stress, and more likely to shy away from challenges. When both gro
47、ups took scholastic aptitude tests, the “hold out group“ walloped the “quick gratification group“ by 210 points (the test scores range from a minimum of 200 points to a maximum of 800, with an average for all students of 500 points) .Researchers have been discussing whether its possible to raise a p
48、ersons IQ. Geneticists say No, while social scientists say Yes. But while brain power researchers continue the debate, social science researchers have concluded that its possible to improve a person s EQ, and in particular, a person s “people skills, “ such as empathy, graciousness, and the ability
49、to “read“ a social situation.According to the social scientists, there is little doubt that people without sufficient EQ will have a hard time surviving in life. EQ is perhaps best observed in people described as either pessimists or optimists. Optimistic people have high EQ and treat obstacles as minor, while the pessimistic people have low EQ and personalizes all setbacks. In social research circles, EQ denotes one s ability to survive, and it
