1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 666（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter Applying for a Bank Loan. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 点明写信的目的并且对个人情况作介绍2. 申请助学贷款的原因及数额3. 你的还款打算 二、Part II Reading Comprehe
2、nsion (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statem
3、ent contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For
4、questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVRN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the informat
5、ion given in the passage.Unity and DiversityMany physicists are engaged in the search for a “theory of everything“. Biologists, smugly, think they have found one already. Organisms that survive long enough to reproduce and are attractive enough to find a mate pass their genes on to the next generati
6、on. Those that do not are evolutionary cul-de-sacs. But the detailshow you go on from the basic principles of evolution to explain large-scale patterns in biologyare more divisive. Scientific camps form. Their leaders step onto soap boxes. And only rarely do people concede that their own theories an
7、d those of their opponents are not always mutually exclusive.Since the early 1970s, the two grandest patterns of lifehow species are arranged in space and how they are arranged in timehave divided their opposing camps quite neatly. Those who squabble over space disagree about why there are more spec
8、ies in the tropics than anywhere else. To them, the tropics are either where species are more often born (cradles of diversity) or where they tend not to die (museums of diversity). By contrast, biologists concerned with patterns in time tenaciously debate whether new species come into being in a sm
9、ooth and gradual manner, or whether the history of life is actually a series of bursts of change that are interspersed with periods when nothing much happens.Two papers just published in Science have cast light on these questions, and their findings, if not necessarily resulting in compromise, do sh
10、ow the value of taking leaves out of other peoples books. The “space biologists“ have looked into time, namely the fossil record over the past 11m years. Meanwhile the “time biologists“ have looked at the here and now and found evidence in living species for periods of rapid evolution in their genes
11、.Biological SpacetimeThe space biologists have the advantage that they agree about the pattern they are trying to explain. Almost all groups of life that have been studiedbe they fungi, plants, vertebrates or invertebrates, and no matter whether they occur in forests, streams or seasseem to have mor
12、e species the closer they are to the equator.To decide whether the tropics are a cradle or a museum, though, involves picking this pattern apart with statistics. And statistics work best when you have more than one sample. That is the reason for reaching into the past.David Jablonski, of the Univers
13、ity of Chicago, and his colleagues created their samples by dividing the past 11m years into three periods. For simplicitys sake, they also chopped the Earths surface into two: tropical regions and everywhere else, which they called the “extratropics“.To avoid sampling bias, they restricted their an
14、alysis to one group of animalsthe bivalve molluscsthat fossilise well. This allowed them to follow 431 “lineages“ of marine bivalve through the course of geological time. The vast majority of these lineages appear in the tropics and then spread into the extratropics, in other words, the tropics do,
15、indeed, act as cradles of biodiversity.In fact, the pattern Dr Jablonski reports is probably more marked than his data suggest. That is because palaeontologists themselves are generally a temperate species and are most commonly found in the northern hemisphere. That means rocks in this region have b
16、een oversampled compared with those in the tropics. Also, tropical rocks tend to experience deep weathering, rarely poking above the ground as outcrops. That makes sampling them harder, even if you bother to look in the first place.The tropics do, indeed, act as cradles of biodiversity. Both of thes
17、e facts mean it is likely that some lineages which seem to make their first appearance in the extratropical fossil record actually started out near the equator. The cradle hypothesis, then, looks strong. But that does not necessarily mean the museum hypothesis is wrongfor, at the same time as the tr
18、opics were generating diversity they seem to have been preserving it as well. Although the bivalve lineages Dr Jablonski studied spread out from the equator in waves, they did not become extinct in the wake of these waves. Instead of being forced out of tropical regions as they travelled poleward, t
19、hey accumulated there.Common ground appears to be forming in time biology as well. The dispute is between the gradualists and those who think that the sudden shifts in fossil types seen in the geological record are real, rather than a consequence of the irregular way that rocks are laid down. It got
20、 rather personal a few years ago, with references to evolution by creeps and evolution by jerks. But, in a similar way to Dr Jablonskis study, which suggests that models of cradles and museums present a false dichotomy, a paper from a member of the gradualist camp of time biology endorses some featu
21、res of jerky evolution.Some Jerks, Some CreepsMark Pagel and his colleagues at the University of Reading, in England, reasoned that the theory of punctuated equilibria (the formal name given to evolution in bursts) predicts a relation between the rate at which new species are formed and the rate of
22、genetic change in an organisms recent past. A lineage that has spun off a lot of species will show more genetic change than one that has not. The alternative view, that evolutionary changes tick along gradually, suggests mutations would accumulate incrementally as time goes by, independently of how
23、many new species a lineage spins off.Dr Pagel studied 122 family trees this way. He found that in about a third of them, there was more change in the DNA in those trees where more species had been generated. He also found that punctuated evolution explained about 22% of such genetic changes, with th
24、e remainder unfolding smoothly through time. This means, among other things, that when biologists have calculated how long ago two lineages diverged by assuming change is regular, they may have their dates wrong.Both Dr Jablonski and Dr Pagel, then, have found a degree of resolution between opposing
25、 ideas by persistently hacking away at the data. Both have also posed more questions to their respective fields. Why does punctuation contribute more to some lineages than to others? (Plants and fungi are more affected than animals.) How do lineages spread into the colder climates of higher latitude
26、s?Some of the old questions, though, are still rattling around like skeletons in a cupboard. Dr Jablonskis study does not, for instance, help to answer whether the tropics are a wellspring of species because a hotter climate brings a higher mutation rate, or because more intense interactions between
27、 species select for more rapid evolutionary change. In the spirit of compromise, there seems no reason why it could not be a bit of both.2 New insights into the origin of species suggest that biologists disagree less than they thought they did. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 The closer to the extratropics, the mo
28、re species there are. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 The bivalve lineages were forced out of tropical regions. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 Dr Pagel studied 122 family trees in that there were more genetic changes in them. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 To space biologists, the tropics are either cradles of diversity or _. 7 David Jablons
29、ki and his colleagues divided the Earths surface into two: _ and the “extratropics“. 8 Rocks in _ have been oversampled compared with those in the tropics. 9 Among the time biologists, the gradualists believe in evolution by _. 10 The term punctuated equilibria refers to _. 11 Both Dr Jablonski and
30、Dr Pagel have found _ between opposing ideas. Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once
31、. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）He will not go.（B） He would like to go.（C） He hasnt made up his mind.（D）He doesnt think fishing is interesting.（A）Sailing a boat.（B） Catching a w
32、orm.（C） Fishing.（D）Hanging clothes.（A）She leaves the office by 3:00 or 4:00 in the afternoon.（B） She sends her employees for frequent medical check.（C） She pays her employees by check.（D）She inspects her employees work several times a day.（A）She doesnt know whether the film is good or not.（B） The fi
33、lm is hard to understand.（C） She saw the film from beginning to end.（D）She saw only the last part of the film.（A）At the doctors office.（B） At the hospital.（C） At the drugstore.（D）At the department store.（A）Tom is very rich now.（B） Tom is a very important person.（C） Tom has become very bad guy.（D）Tom
34、 is arrogant to his old friends.（A）She doesnt like a heart-to-heart talk with Sally.（B） She thinks the topic is too serious for her.（C） She thinks the news is too hard for Sally.（D）She dares not to tell Sally the had news.（A）Mary called to tell them she couldnt come to the dinner party.（B） Mary didn
35、t originally want to come to the dinner party.（C） The couple is unhappy because Mary changed her mind.（D）The woman doesnt believe the Mary really changed her mind.（A）A tourist guidebook.（B） A travellers report.（C） A travelling magazine.（D）An airport ranking list.（A）Right beside Gate B13.（B） Next to
36、Gate Bll.（C） There is no Gate B14.（D）In the F terminal.（A）They provide nice shuttle services and helpful navigation.（B） They are completely indifferent to travellers needs.（C） They are extremely strict with passengers security.（D）They have a toll free customer service helpline.（A）By attending a clas
37、s.（B） From her parents.（C） Through a gardening magazine.（D）From her neighbors.（A）Sunlight.（B） Location.（C） Soil.（D）Drainage.（A）Tomatoes, beets, eggplant, and cabbages.（B） Strawberries, green peppers, and okra.（C） Basil, onions, cantaloupe, and banana peppers.（D）Green beans, bananas, com, and pumpkin
38、s.（A）You can grow vegetables vertically.（B） You can raise plants in a confined area.（C） You can plant a wide variety of plants together.（D）You can enjoy the beautiful scenery.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question
39、s. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）It is considered to be part of the secondary education.（B） It is given to anyone wanting to get a drivers license.（C） It is carried
40、 on at the same time as other school courses.（D）It is offered to all teenagers free of charge.（A）Traffic laws and regulations.（B） Driving theory and practice.（C） Switching lanes and turning corners.（D）Ways to avoid traffic accidents.（A）There is a sign of “green hand“ inside the car.（B） There are two
41、 sets of brakes inside the car.（C） It is only big enough to hold 3 persons.（D）It cant run very fast no matter how you drive.（A）The quicker it vibrates, the greater the frequency of sound it produces.（B） The slower it vibrates, the higher the frequency of sound it produces.（C） The quicker it vibrates
42、, the lower the frequency of sound it produces.（D）The frequency of sound it produces is not in proportion to the speed it vibrates.（A）Those with frequencies lower than 20 hertz.（B） Those with frequencies about 21,000 hertz.（C） Those with frequencies lower than 20,000 hertz.（D）Those with frequencies
43、higher than 20,000 hertz.（A）A bat caught the insect in midair and ate it.（B） Dolphins clicking sounds bounced off the fish and back to it.（C） A person heard an echo when he shouted into the valley.（D）A dog heard his owners whistle because he used ultrasound.（A）He only wants to change his daughters g
44、rade.（B） He wants to have the teacher apologize to his daughter.（C） He only asks for compensation for emotional damages.（D）He wants to change the grade and compensation.（A）The Swim team.（B） The Chinese chess club.（C） The Girl Scouts.（D）The church choir.（A）She is 26 years old.（B） She is Virginias eco
45、nomics teacher.（C） This is the first year of her teaching career.（D）Few of her friends are African-Americans.（A）He supports the student.（B） He supports the teacher.（C） He will keep neutrality.（D）He hasnt shown his attitude.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. Wh
46、en the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fil
47、l in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 A few years ago it was【B1】_ to speak of a generation gap, a division between young people and their elders. Parents【B2】_ that children did not show them proper respect and【B3】_
48、 while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the【B4】_ gap suddenly appeared?【B5】_ , the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many【 B6】_ argue that it is built into the fabric of our society.One important cause of the generation
49、 gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own life-styles. In more【B7】_ societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and【B8 】_ of, and often to continue the family occupation. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their educations, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with【B9】 _ .In
