1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 105（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the picture, analyze its causes and then explain what you will do to solve the problem. You should
2、write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Section A（A）She is not a very famous actress.（B） She is not very much tempted by big money.（C） She has no idea of how to make advertisements.（D）She is not so fortunate as other actresses.（A）He does not have a good hearing.（B） He has been driving ma
3、dly for a year.（C） He never takes what she says seriously.（D）He is always impatient with her.（A）She is worried about the errors made.（B） She has been doing things in a correct way.（C） She needs someone to lend her a hand.（D）She is still searching for directions.（A）The woman should apply for the adve
4、rtised job.（B） The woman can help him with his work in the next two weeks.（C） He is the right person to help her to post an ad.（D）He can find a better paying job for the woman.（A）She is stubborn.（B） She is lonely.（C） She is not easy-going.（D）She is hopeless.（A）Todays seminar was too badly scheduled.
5、（B） Both speakers are enthusiastic about the seminars.（C） Next weeks seminar is on a different topic.（D）There will be two seminars in the next week.（A）Its dull.（B） Its exciting.（C） Its simple.（D）Its complicated.（A）$2.75.（B） $1.25.（C） $1.50.（D）$3.9.（A）Putting up posters for her works.（B） Attending an
6、 art class.（C） Decorating her dorm room.（D）Organizing a global tour.（A）Two dimensional.（B） Three dimensional.（C） Colorful.（D）Detailed.（A）She earned a lot of money.（B） She learned many things.（C） She was acquainted with many people.（D）She became an art major.（A）Hold an exhibition on campus.（B） Go to
7、New York City.（C） Enter for the tour to Boston.（D）Meet the European painters.（A）They clustered in caves.（B） They traveled in groups.（C） They had a refined language.（D）They fed mostly on fruit.（A）They lived in sturdy shelters.（B） They used sand as insulation.（C） They kept fires burning constantly.（D）
8、They faced their homes southward.（A）Meet his anthropology teacher.（B） Lend him her magazine when she finishes it.（C） Come over to his house after class.（D）Speak slowly for him to take notes.Section B（A）The merits and drawbacks of a large population.（B） The disadvantages of a large population.（C） The
9、 advantages of a small population.（D）The rapidly growing world population.（A）The level of education varies around the world.（B） The economists attitudes to population differ greatly.（C） The living standard varies from country to country.（D）The countries attitudes to population differ greatly.（A）Grea
10、t pressure on housing.（B） Rising demands of goods.（C） The prosperity of the building industry.（D）A declining market for manufactured goods.（A）It will cover more big political affairs.（B） It wont be printed in publishing houses.（C） It will cover more scientific research.（D）It will cover fewer disaste
11、rs.（A）Local and international news.（B） A menu of political stories.（C） The most important news.（D）What you are interested in.（A）They compete with each other.（B） They do good to each other.（C） They focus on different news.（D）They will die out.（A）Rising fuel costs to limit the use of it.（B） Saving ene
12、rgy and use other sources.（C） Having protection against fuel shortage.（D）Putting in a solar unit in every house.（A）The disadvantages of solar energy.（B） The pollution of other energy sources.（C） The rising fuel costs and fuel shortage.（D）The costs of solar energy system.（A）There is no space to put i
13、n solar units.（B） It is decided by Mother Nature.（C） It is not the right time to use it.（D）It costs too much to use it.（A）It will go up.（B） It will come down.（C） It will go up and down.（D）It will stay the same.Section C26 Ninety percent of Americans know that most of their compatriots are overweight
14、, but just 40 percent believe themselves to be too fat. Government【B1】_ show that more than 60 percent of the U.S. population is overweight, and half is obese, meaning they are【B2 】_health effects from their weight. But the Pew Research Center telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults finds that ma
15、ny people【B3】_ how tall they are and underestimate how much they weighand thus do not rate themselves as overweight, even when they are. The survey finds that most Americans, including those who say they are overweight, agree that【B4】_ behaviorrather than genetic【B5】_or marketing by food companiesis
16、 the main reason people are overweight.【B6 】_, the public says that a failure to get enough exercise is the most important reason, followed by a lack of【B7】_about what to eat. About half the public also says that the kinds of foods marketed at restaurants and【B8】_stores are a very important cause, a
17、nd roughly a third says the same about the effect of genetics and heredity. And at least some people【B9】_ have given up on dieting to control their weight. One in four respondents in the survey say they are currently dieting, and 52 percent say they have dieted at some point in their lives. In a pol
18、l taken 15 years ago, the percentage of adults who reported having ever dieted was【B10】_ higher57 percent. Those surveyed agree that maintaining a healthy weight is important. Virtually everyone agrees that a persons weight has an impact on the chances for a long and healthy life.27 【B1 】28 【B2 】29
19、【B3 】30 【B4 】31 【B5 】32 【B6 】33 【B7 】34 【B8 】35 【B9 】36 【B10 】Section A36 Innovation, the effective recipe of progress, has always cost people their jobs. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has【C1】_many of the mid-skill jobs that supported 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticket a
20、gents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been【C2 】_with.For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such change is a natural part of rising【C3】_. Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more productive society b
21、ecomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants【C4】_more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was employed on a farm. Today less than 2% of them produce far more food. The millions freed from the land were not delivered to joblessness, but found better-paid work as the e
22、conomy grew more【C5 】_. Today the pool of secretaries has【C6】_, but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers.Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating(扰乱的)effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its benefit. Even if new jobs an
23、d【C7】_products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technologys impact will feel like a tornado, hitting the rich world first, but【C8】_sweeping through poorer countries too. Worse, it seems likely that this wave of tech
24、nological【C9】_to the job market has only just started. From driverless cars to clever household devices, innovations that already exist could destroy jobs that have【C10】_been untouched.A)prosperity B)dispensed C)inquire D)wonderfulE)partition F)eventually G)sophisticated H)displacedI)conversely J)sh
25、runk K)fragile L)disruptionM)demand N)complicated O)hitherto37 【C1 】38 【C2 】39 【C3 】40 【C4 】41 【C5 】42 【C6 】43 【C7 】44 【C8 】45 【C9 】46 【C10 】Section B46 Eating Our YoungAAt Feltonville School of Arts and Sciences, a middle school in a poor neighborhood of Philadelphia, the school year began chaotica
26、lly as budget cuts took effect. With the cuts meaning no school nurse or counselor, teachers fill the gaps, disrupting lessons to help students in distress. And the problems are not small: A boy was stabbed in the head with a pencil by a fellow student; a girl reported sexual assault by an uncle; an
27、other refused to speak after the brutal murder of a parent. And that was just the start of the school year. To make matters worse, budget cuts are hurting essential academic programs.BAcross the United States, whether its schools, food stamps, health care or entry-level jobs, the young are feeling t
28、he force of government cutbacks. This year, the young and vulnerable especially have been hit hard through automatic federal spending cuts to programs like Head Start, nutrition assistance, and child welfare. Financial crises in cities like Philadelphia and Detroit have meant another wave of school
29、budget cutbacks. And the weak job market is hurting the youngest workers most, with youth unemployment more than double the national jobless rate.CThis is not just an American problem. In Europe, too, rigid budgets are squeezing even basic education and health needs. As governments strain to cover b
30、udget shortfalls and appease(缓解)debt fears, the young are losing out. “Were underinvesting in our children,“ said Julia Isaacs, a senior fellow at the Urban Institute and a child policy expert. “Looking at future budget trends and the fact that Congress doesnt want to raise taxes, I can see children
31、s programs continuing to be squeezed.“DThat has implications for long-term economic growth. Cutting back on the young is like eating the seed corn: satisfying a momentary need but leaving no way to grow a prosperous future.EIs America overspending on its young? Public spending in the U.S. on childre
32、n came to $12,164 per child in 2008, in current dollars, according to Kids Share, an annual report published by the Urban Institute. Of that total, about a third came from the federal government and two thirds from state and local governments. Compare that to what we spend on the elderly, which prim
33、arily comes from the federal government. According to the Urban Institute, public spending on the elderly, in current dollars, was $27,117 per person in 2008, more than double the spending on children.FThe trend is the same across the developed world. Julia Lynch, a political science professor at th
34、e UDiversity of Pennsylvania, studied 20 countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development between 1985 and 2000 and found each spent more public funds on the elderly than on the young. But there were large differences among them. She found the most youth-oriented welfare states
35、 were the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, and in Scandinavia, while the most elderly-oriented were Japan, Italy, Greece, the U.S., Spain, and Austria. Somewhere in the middle were Germany, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Portugal.GSince the 1960s, federal spending on kids in the U.S. had been risin
36、g. That trend ended in 2011, when it dropped by $2 billion to $377 billion. A year later the figure plunged even moreby $28 billion. And spending on kids is planned to shrink further over the next decade. The Urban Institute has forecast that federal spending on kids will decrease from 10 percent of
37、 the federal budget today to 8 percent by 2023. That decline will occur even as federal spending is expected to increase by $1 trillion over the same period.HSo, what is the federal government spending on? The budget can be roughly divided in the following way: 41 percent goes to the elderly and dis
38、abled portions of Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid; 20 percent to defense; 10 percent to children; 6 percent to interest payments on the debt; and 23 percent to all other government functions. So if spending on kids does fall to 8 percent of the federal budget, and if interest payments rise a
39、long with higher interest rates over the same period, the federal government soon will be spending more on interest payments on the debt than on children.IWhats driving government cutbacks? Much can be tied to fears of rising national debt. Paradoxically, advocates of debt reduction claim they are a
40、cting in the interest of the young; our debts seem be too heavy for the next generation. But in a supercompetitive global economy, nations investing today in the well-being and education of the young are writing the success stories of tomorrow.JOf course, the U.S. is investing in education. Roughly
41、65 percent of all public spending on kids is on education, and thats done primarily through state and local governments. But whether its early childhood education, elementary, middle, or high schools, or universities and colleges, fewer resources are going into public education. According to the Bur
42、eau of Labor Statistics, the number of teachers employed in kindergarten through year 12th grade, principals, superintendents and support staff, fell 2 percent between 2009 and 2011 while enrollment was steady.KThe trend of putting fewer resources into public education is even more striking at the c
43、ollege level. Take the University of California for example: The average annual student charges for resident undergraduates have increased 275 percent in inflation-adjusted dollars since 1990 to 1991, while the universitys average per-student expenditures have decreased 25 percent in inflation-adjus
44、ted dollars over the same period. So as California students pay much more for their education than their parents did, theyre getting less.LThroughout the current downturn, unemployment has tailed the workforce. The hardest hit has been the young. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, unemploy
45、ment for 16-to-24-year-olds in July was 16.3 percent. That compares with our national jobless rate of 7.3 percent. And there are also large numbers of the young who are underemployed. Gallup recently found that only 43.6 percent of Americans between the ages of 18 to 29 had a full-time job in June 2
46、013.MHigh youth unemployment has implications for future earnings power. Economists who study the labor market have found that people who graduate from school without a job are likely to have lower wages in their career.NEven when the young land a job, investment in young workers isnt what it used t
47、o be. Training and education used to be part of any full-time job. Now, while global companies like Google advertise staff training, they tend to be the exception. Most companies have cut back over the years as corporate budgets are reduced and companies believe they can buy talent rather than grow
48、it.OWhether because of government cutbacks or falling business investment, the young are facing tougher prospects than did their parents. And that raises irritating questions about the future. Starting with the youngest, without solid nutrition and basic health care, children cant become engaged and
49、 active students. Without resources to teach and a secure support system, public schools cant turn out educated, smart kids. With the costs of college rising beyond the reach of many, large groups are being left behind. And with entry-level jobs and training scarcer than ever, the human capital necessary to grow Americas huge economy isnt being developed. The burden on todays young to support an aging society will gro
