1、考博英语模拟试卷 231（无答案）一、Structure and Vocabulary1 As for the missing funds, the company manager, when demanded to give an explanation, could not even come up with a_one.（A）plaintive（B） pervasive（C） perpetual（D）plausible2 The supply of apples exceeds the_this year.（A）request（B） claim（C） requirement（D）dema
2、nd3 The very biggest and most murderous wars during the industrial age were intra-industrial- wars that Second Wave nations like Germany and Britain _ against one another.（A）pitted（B） drove（C） kept（D）embarked 4 In his lecture, the education expert emphasized the fact that nowadays children are expos
3、ed to many influences _ that of their families.（A）rather than（B） other than（C） except for（D）but for5 He was present in his _ role of school manager, church warden and donor.（A）dedicated（B） triple（C） providential（D）religious 6 Nicholas Chauvin, a French soldier, aired his veneration of Napoleon Bonap
4、arte so_and unceasingly that he became the laughingstock of all people in Europe.（A）vociferously（B） patriotically（C） verbosely（D）loquaciously7 The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel, that man _ prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15th century.（A
5、）was（B） was called（C） calling（D）being8 Nobody knew how he came up with this_idea about the trip.（A）weary（B） twilight（C） unanimous（D）weird9 There has been an increase in attendance at lectures _ by the World Affairs Council, which brings international issues to public attention.（A）developed（B） sponso
6、red（C） advanced（D）promoted 10 The boy was not _ to leave class without an adequate reason.（A）emitted（B） admitted（C） permitted（D）remitted 11 _ considered the human body aesthetically satisfactory.（A）Neither prehistoric cave man nor late-industrial urban man（B） Nor prehistoric cave man or late-industr
7、ial urban man（C） No prehistoric cave man nor late-industrial urban man（D）Neither prehistoric cave man or late-industrial urban man12 Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _know where to look.（A）invariably（B） virtually（C） variously（D）unavoidably 13 The ship was _ in a storm off J
8、amaica.（A）drowned（B） immerged（C） wrecked（D）submitted14 Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble.（A）seemingly（B） satisfactorily（C） uniformly（D）universally15 Not until actually faced with water scarcity_appreciate the value of water to a region.（A）one can（B） one can not（C） can one（D）can not one
9、16 According to the author, humorists differ from ordinary people in the sense that _.（A）they give vent to their sorrows in a laughable way（B） they have much trouble in their life and they are melancholy（C） they are more sensible of the sadness of life and they endure and express the pain cheerfully
10、（D）they are mostly clowns with a breaking heart17 Although the two companies talked about how little_ there is between them, they still expect to eliminate about 10,000 positions from a combined work force of 140,000 after their mergence.（A）overlap（B） combination（C） congregation（D）inundation18 Accor
11、ding to the passage, “special cases refers to cases where _.（A）students attend a school only part-time（B） students purchase false degrees from commercial firms（C） students never attended a school they listed on their application（D）students attended a famous school19 They are _ to industrialists, who
12、 need the valuable copper and nickel in them.（A）tempting（B） tickling（C） tormenting（D）tricking20 It was clear that the storm _ his arrival by two hours.（A）retarded（B） retrieved（C） refrained（D）retreated 21 Why did you _ such a good job when jobs are so hard to get?（A）throw about（B） throw off（C） throw
13、up（D）throw out 22 Adverse reviews in the New York press may greatly change the prospects of a new Broadway production.（A）additional（B） encouraging（C） unfavorable（D）subversive 23 The floods did not start to_until two days after the rain had stopped.（A）retire（B） recede（C） retreat（D）sink24 The city is
14、an important railroad _ and industrial and convention center.（A）conjunction（B） network（C） junction（D）link 25 It _ now pretty late, we took our candles and retired to our room.（A）is（B） being（C） turned（D）got 26 With its anti-terrorism campaign taking _ over anything else, the government is extending i
15、ts job and running in more affairs.（A）superiority（B） priority（C） majority（D）polarity 27 “Do you like your boss?“ No, he is too _.（A）in demand（B） demanded（C） on demand（D）demanding 28 He was _ to take over the duties and responsibilities of his father from an early age.（A）deduced（B） damped（C） diminish
16、ed（D）destined 29 The profit motive is inherently _ with principles of fairness and equity.（A）in line（B） in trade（C） at times（D）at odds 30 She wore long, heavy dresses, clothes that allowed_movement.（A）minimum of（B） the minimum for（C） her minimum of（D）a minimum of二、Cloze30 To me personally, the most
17、remarkable and, in the long run, the most influential man who was translated was not a Greek. That is because I am interested in the perception of objects in space. And that was a subject about which the Greeks were totally wrong. It was understood for the first time about the year AD 1000 by an ecc
18、entric mathematician whom we call Alhazen, who was the one really original scientific mind that Arab culture produced.【66】Alhazen first recognized that we see an object because each point of it directs and reflects a ray into the eye. The Greek view could not explain how an object, my hand say, seem
19、s to change size when it moves. In Alhazens account it is clear that the cone of rays that comes from the outline and shape of my hand grows narrower as I move my hand away from you.【67】And that, and only that, accounts for the difference in size. It is so simple a notion that it is astonishing that
20、 scientists paid almost no attention to it for six hundred years.【68】The concept of the cone of rays from object to the eye becomes the foundation of perspective 透视画法. And perspective is the new idea which now revivifies mathematics.【69】A manuscript of Alhazens Optics in translation in the Vatican L
21、ibrary in Rome is annotated by Lorenzo Ghiberti, who made the famous bronze perspectives for the doors of the Baptistry in Florence. He was not the first pioneer of perspective-that may have been Filippo Brunelleschi-and there were enough of them to form an identifiable school of the Perspectivi.【70
22、】A. It was a school of thought, for its aim was not simply to make the figures lifelike, but to create the sense of their movement in space.B. The Greeks had thought that light goes from the eyes to the object.C. The excitement of perspective passed into art in north Italy, in Florence and Venice, i
23、n the fifteenth century.D. As I move it towards you, the cone of rays that enters our eye becomes larger and subtends a larger angle.E. Above all, we feel that the painters eye is on the move.F. But artists attended to it long before that, and in a practical way.35 In order to work here the foreigne
24、r needs a work permit, which must be【21】for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to【22】 or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be【23】 about it, it would be extremely unwise【24】 a foreign visitor to work without a permit, sinc
25、e anyone doing so is【25】 to immediate deportation. There are some【26】 to this rule, most notably people from the Common Market countries, who are【27】 to work without permits and who are often given【28】 residence permits of up to five years. Some【29】 people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, auth
26、ors and others, can work without【30】The problem with the Act is not just that some of its rules are【31】 but 【32】 it is administered, and the people who administer it.An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor【33】 these shores coming into the country. If this happens the visitor has the【
27、34】 to appeal to the Immigration Appeal Tribunal.【35】 the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time.（A）applied（B） made（C） asked（D）wait（A）allow（B） admit（C） present（D）grant（A）made（B） done（C） explained（D）talked（A）for（B） to（C） as（D）in（A）apt（B） li
28、kely（C） liable（D）inclined（A）exemptions（B） exceptions（C） extractions（D）expositions（A）prescribed（B） qualified（C） entitled（D）certified（A）temporary（B） immediately（C） eternal（D）next（A）more（B） fewer（C） others（D）other（A）permits（B） ask（C） accepts（D）done（A）unfair（B） fair（C） just（D）justify（A）the way（B） that（C
29、） the time（D）what（A）out of（B） to（C） from（D）off（A）honor（B） force（C） right（D）authority（A）While（B） But（C） Although（D）And50 Increasing numbers of people have migrated from the countryside and moved into towns and cities over the【77】. Most are in the Third World, where they are【78】 accommodate because fa
30、cilities are at their most inadequate and meager resources are most stretched. In spite of【79】living conditions, the vast numbers of people moving into cities constitute the biggest【80】ever. While governments can take action to improve the conditions of squatters, the real solution is to【81】the proc
31、ess of urbanization. But to do this governments need to change the ways in which they【82】 their development funds on the urban areas. If their priorities【83】, rural productivity could be increased and this would help develop the national economy. In the end, however, the rural population also lacks
32、the【84】that their urban countrymen can exert on governments.A. dreadfulB. hardest toC. elatedD. slow downE. boostF. last two centuriesG. mass migrationH. authorityI. previous centuryJ. marketK. were reversedL. were abandonedM. concentrateN. power58 University Physics is intended for students of scie
33、nce and engineering. Primary emphasis is on physical principles and problem- 【C1】_ ; historical background and specialized practical applications have been given a place of 【C2】_ importance. Many worked-out examples and an extensive collection of problems are included within each chapter.In this 【C3
34、】_ edition, the basic philosophy and outline and the balance between depth of treatment and【C4】_ of subject-matter coverage are unchanged from previous editions. We have tried to preserve those features that users of【C5】_ editions have found desirable,【C6】_ incorporating a number of changes that sho
35、uld enhance the books usefulness.The textbook is adaptable to a wide variety of 【C7 】_ outlines. The entire textbook can be used for a(n)【C8】_ course two or three semesters in length. For a less intensive course, many instructors will want to【C9】_ certain chapters or sections to tailor the book to t
36、heir individual needs. The arrangement of this edition facilitates this kind of 【C10】_59 【C1 】_60 【C2 】_61 【C3 】_62 【C4 】_63 【C5 】_64 【C6 】_65 【C7 】_66 【C8 】_67 【C9 】_68 【C10 】_68 Generally, a computer is any device that can perform numerical calculations. Currently,【C1】_, the term usually refers【C2
37、 】_an electronic device that can【C3】_a series of tasks according to a set of instructions.In 1953 there were only about 100 computers【C4】_use in the world. Today hundreds of millions of computers are【C5 】_in homes, schools, businesses, government offices, and universities for almost every conceivabl
38、e【C6】_.Modern desktop【C7】 _computers, or PCs, are many times more powerful than the huge, million dollar【C8 】_computers of the 1960s and 1970s. Most PCs can perform from 400 million to several billion operations per second. These computers are used not【C9】_for household management and personal enter
39、tainment, but also for most of the automate【C10】_require by small business. The fastest desktop computers are called workstations, and they are generally used for scientific, engineering, or advanced business application.69 【C1 】70 【C2 】71 【C3 】72 【C4 】73 【C5 】74 【C6 】75 【C7 】76 【C8 】77 【C9 】78 【C10
40、 】78 The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides【C1】_the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this【C2】_can be modified.The question is no mere academic
41、one. The ease with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a【C3】_of growing importance in industry where automation【C4】_round-the-clock working of machines. It normally【C5】_form five days to one week for a person to adapt to a【C6】_routine of sleep and wakefulness, slee
42、ping during the day and working at night【C7 】_, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means mat no sooner has he got used to one routine【C8】_he has to change to another, 【C9】_much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping every 【C10 】_, One answer would se
43、em to be【C11 】_periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. 【C12】_recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their【C13】_habits to sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough to destroy any【C14】_to night work built up during th
44、e week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose【 C15】_may persist through all week-ends and holidays.79 【C1 】（A）in（B） with（C） of（D）over80 【C2 】（A）cycle（B） period（C） circle（D）round81 【C3 】（A）problem（B） difficulty（C） trouble（D）matter82 【
45、C4 】（A）asks（B） invites（C） calls for（D）reacts to83 【C5 】（A）takes（B） spends（C） demands（D）asks84 【C6 】（A）former（B） returned（C） reversed（D）regular85 【C7 】（A）Therefore（B） Unfortunately（C） In a word（D）In comparison86 【C8 】（A）as（B） when（C） then（D）than87 【C9 】（A）though（B） so that（C） while（D）as88 【C10 】（A）ef
46、ficiently（B） good（C） easily（D）happily89 【C11 】（A）shorter（B） better（C） longer（D）nicer90 【C12 】（A）So（B） In short（C） Similarly（D）However91 【C13 】（A）new（B） normal（C） temporary（D）favorite92 【C14 】（A）change（B） return（C） adaptation（D）tendency93 【C15 】（A）wakefulness（B） sleep（C） preference（D）habit三、Reading C
47、omprehension93 Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since f 980 the United States International Trade Commission(ITC) has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from
48、subsidies by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies “dumped“ their products in the United States at “less than fair value. “ Even when no unfair practices are alleged, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief.Contrary to the general impression, this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop an intricate web of marketing, production, a
