1、职称英语（卫生类）B 级模拟试卷 29（无答案）一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1 个意义最为接近选项。1 Did anyone call me when I was out?（A）invite（B） name（C） answer（D）phone2 Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterday.（A）trying to find（B） trying to read（C） trying to buy（D）trying to borrow3
2、He offered me a glass of wine.（A）sold（B） gave（C） provided（D）bought4 It is obvious that he will win the game.（A）likely（B） possible（C） clear（D）strange5 It took us a long time to mend the house.（A）build（B） destroy（C） design（D）repair6 They were ready to die for their beliefs.（A）willing（B） going（C） pleas
3、ed（D）reluctant7 Venice is celebrated for its beautiful buildings.（A）outstanding（B） praised（C） noted（D）regarded8 These are their motives for doing it.（A）reasons（B） excuses（C） answers（D）plans9 The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen jewels.（A）angry（B） excited（C） irritated（D）pleased10 The
4、 curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.（A）different（B） proud（C） uncomfortable（D）unconscious11 The illegal driver ignored the red traffic light and ran right into a car.（A）broke（B） disregarded（C） noticed（D）misunderstood12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn w
5、est.（A）twists（B） stretches（C） broadens（D）bends13 He is looking forward to studying in university.（A）observing（B） seeking（C） expecting（D）considering14 Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to remedy headaches.（A）disrupt（B） diagnose（C） evaporate（D）cure15 There has been a boom in economy in recent yea
6、rs.（A）fall（B） mistake（C） growth（D）flaw二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。15 Neighbor DisputesDisputes with your neighbors can be common, and it is easy to understand why people care about them so much. Having a
7、conflict with a neighbor can make people feel uncomfortable and sometimes unsafe in their own home.Conflicts with neighbors can happen when we have different ideas about our home and what the neighborhood means to us. For example, you may have bought your home because you want a peaceful place to li
8、ve in, but your neighbor wants a workshop or a place to party. Disputes also sometimes happen when people have to share space with their neighbors. For example, disagreements can occur over changes to fences or trees, or over the use of driveways or other shared areas.No matter how good your neighbo
9、rhood is, problems can arise quite suddenly. If disputes are not dealt with, they can get worse and worse. However, these challenges can be overcome if everyone is sincerely willing to try, and if people feel that it is safe to agree and disagree with each other. Disputes can often be overcome when
10、people can focus on the problem and not the person and work together to find solutions that everyone can live with. Here are some suggestions for preventing and managing neighborhood disputes:Get to know your neighbor.Discuss with your neighbor before you do anything that may affect them.Take your n
11、eighbors concerns seriously, even if they seem like small things to you.When people feel understood, it is easier to work through a problem.Dont believe that the other person knows there is a problem. Often they dont.Sometimes it is a simple misunderstanding.Discuss your methods with friends or fami
12、ly. They may have some useful ideas.Remember to focus on the problem, not the person.Work on what you can change, not what you cant.16 Disputes with a neighbor can bring very bad feelings to people.（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned17 People can make use of the shared areas in any way they want.（A）R
13、ight（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned18 People buy houses for different reasons.（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned19 One can just forget about disputes because they will be forgotten by neighbors over time.（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned20 If people live in a very peaceful neighborhood, disputes wont ta
14、ke place at all.（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned21 Your family and friends can help you argue with your neighbors.（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned22 It is important to have a problem-solving attitude when there is a dispute with a neighbor.（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30
15、题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择一个最佳标题；(2)第 27-30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。22 How did English Become a Global Language1 The rise of English is a remarkable tale as Professor David Crystal reminds us in his attractive, short book “English has become a global lan
16、guage. “2 It is certainly quite a theme. When Julius Caesar landed in Britain more than 2, 000 years ago, English did not exist. Five hundred years later, English, virtually incomprehensible to modern ears, was probably spoken by about as few people as currently speak Cherokee, the language of a sma
17、ll North American Indian tribe-and with little influence. About 1, 000 years later, at the end of the 16th century, and after the Norman Conquest, the Reformation and the arrival of commercial printing technology, English was the native speech of between 5 million and 7 million people. And yet now l
18、ook at it. As the second millennium approaches, English is more widely scattered, more widely spoken and written than any other language has never been. In the title of the book, it has become a truly global language. According to David Crystal, about 2. 09 billion people, well over one-third of the
19、 worlds population are routinely exposed to it.3 As he rightly points out, what is impressive about this staggering figure is; “ not so much the grand total but the speed with which expansion has taken place since the 1950s. In 1950, the case for English as a world language would have been no more t
20、han plausible. Fifty years on and the case is virtually won. “.4 So what happened?5 Someone once said that a language is a dialect with an army and a navy. In other words, when the British navy set out to conquer the world, is set out an “army“ of English speakers. As the British empire spread throu
21、ghout the world, English became the basis of law, commerce and education. The British empire was succeeded by another (the American) , which shared virtually the same linguistic heritage. American English, which has become the rocket-fuel of the English language, has magically found its way into are
22、as undreamed of 40, let alone 400 years ago.6 The most valuable part of Crystals study is the section devoted to a speedy analysis of the cultural basis of this global reach, notably the influence of broadcasting, press, advertising, popular music and film. He is also up-to-date and informative in h
23、is identification of the World-Wide-Web as a powerful rein forcer of American cultural and linguistic dominance.7 One of his most interesting passages concerns the role played by the League of Nations, and later the Untied Nations, in spreading English as an international language in the aftermath o
24、f the two world wars.8 What does the future hold? To this question, Crystal proposes the recognition of a new form of English-WSSE( world standard Spoken English) -which almost by definition rules out the possibility that English would fragment into mutually unintelligible language as Latin once did
25、. “ English, in some shape or form, will find itself in the service of the world community forever, “ Crystal writes.A. The figure of EnglishB. The speed of the spread of EnglishC. The role played by culture and the netD. The role played by military expansionE. The role played by educationF. The 2,
26、000 years of English23 Paragraph 2_24 Paragraph 3_25 Paragraph 5_26 Paragraph 6_26 A. because of their similarityB. that we would not be able to understand it at allC. to the popularization of English as a world languageD. the trend to become a global languageE. what once happened to LatinF. but the
27、 speed with which27 The kind of English spoken 1, 500 years ago was so different from the English we speak today_.28 What impresses people most is not the interesting number of speakers of English found all over the world, _the language has spread in the past half century or so.29 The two internatio
28、nal organizations founded after the two world wars made their contributions30 Crystal expresses the belief that in the future_will not happen to English.四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)下面有 3 篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1 个最佳选项。30 Nonverbal (不用语言的) elements form a major part of any communication interch
29、ange. Some people would say its the most important part. According to one study, words convey only 7 percent of a persons message. Intonation and voice quality communicate 38 percent, and nonverbal cues transmit a whopping 55 percent. That means people pick up more from nonverbal communication than
30、from the words a person says. When studying about a foreign culture, then, it just makes sense to pay attention to how people use nonverbal cues.Gestures comprise a major form of nonverbal communication. In contrast to sign language, used by deaf people to communicate elaborate messages, gestures fu
31、nction as visual icons which represent a single idea. But often these gestures are embarrassingly culture bound. For example, when the Maoris of New Zealand stick out their tongue at someone, it is a sign of respect. When American schoolchildren make the same gesture, it means just the opposite. Als
32、o, Americans often indicate “OK“ with their thumb and forefinger touching to form a circle. The same gesture means “money“ to the Japanese, “zero“ to the French and a vulgarity to Brazilians. For that reason, people in a foreign culture must use gestures with caution.Another cultural aspect of nonve
33、rbal communication is one that you might not think about: space. Every person perceives himself to have a sort of invisible shield surrounding his physical body. When someone comes too close, he feels uncomfortable. When he bumps into someone, he feels obligated to apologize. But the size of a perso
34、ns “comfort zone“ varies, depending on his cultural or ethnic origin. For example, in causal conversation, many Americans stand about four feet a-part. In other words, they like to keep each other “at arms length“. People in Latin or Arab cultures, in contrast, stand very close to each other, and to
35、uch each other often. If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation, the American may feel uncomfortable and back away.31 Nonverbal communication is a form of communication_.（A）that does not involve the use of language（B） that involves the use of languag
36、e（C） that does not involve the use of verbs（D）that is understood by. deaf people32 Which of the following statement is NOT true?（A）Sticking out tongue at someone is a sign of respect in New Zealand.（B） Sticking out tongue at someone is irrespective in America.（C） To form a circle by touching the thu
37、mb and forefinger means “zero“ to Brazilians.（D）To form a circle by touching the thumb and forefinger means “OK“ to Americans.33 People in a foreign culture must use gestures_.（A）cautiously（B） with great cans（C） with warnings（D）Both A and B are correct34 In the last sentence of the first paragraph,
38、“make sense“ means _.（A）understand（B） is sensible（C） is understood（D）is reasonable and practical35 The main idea of the passage is -（A）you should pay more attention to your gesture.（B） nonverbal elements play an important role in communication interchange（C） the importance of body language（D）you sho
39、uld not pay attention to your pronunciation and intonation35 Solving a problem can be broken down into several steps. First, the problem must be identified correctly. Psychologists refer to this step as problem representation. For many problems, a figuring out which information is relevant and which
40、 is irrelevant can be difficult and can interfere with arriving at a good solution. Clearly, a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem is; however, this is not as easy as it might seem. One obstacle to efficient problem representation is functional fixedness, that is, allowing pre
41、conceived notions and even prejudices to color the facts. Most people tend to see objects and events in certain fixed ways, and by being inflexible in viewing the problem, they may be unable to notice the tools for the solution. Once the problem is identified accurately, however, the second step con
42、sists of considering the alternatives for a solution. A common way to evaluate alternatives is to write them down and then make a list of advantages and disadvantages for each solution. Here again, people may be limited by prior experiences. Often people adopt mental sets that lead them to the same
43、problem-solving strategies that were successful for problems in the past. Although that can be helpful most of the time, sometimes a new situation requires a different strategy. In that case, the mental set must be abandoned, and new alternatives must be explored. This can be a difficult adjustment
44、for some people. After the alternatives have been compared, a strategy must be selected from among them. One way to avoid becoming stuck in the options is to try the best option with a view to abandoning it for another if the results are unfavorable. This attitude allows many people to move on exped
45、itiously to the next step-action. The strategy selected must be implemented and tested. If it solves the problem, no further action is necessary, but if not, then an unsuccessful solution may actually lead to a more successful option. If the solution is still not apparent, then the cycle begins agai
46、n, starting with problem identification. By continuing to review the problem and repeat the problem-solving steps, the solution can be improved upon and refined.36 Solving a problem can be broken down into_steps.（A）3（B） 4（C） 5（D）637 If we want to solve a problem, the first step is to_.（A）know what t
47、he problem is（B） compare the alternatives（C） use prior experiences（D）select a strategy38 Which of the following has the same meaning as “interfere with“ in line 3?（A）help with（B） disrupt（C） interact with（D）interrupt39 We can evaluate the alternatives for a solution by_.（A）using prior experiences（B）
48、adopting mental sets（C） abandoning mental sets（D）writing down the advantages and disadvantages of each solution40 One way to avoid being stuck in the different options to solve the problem is to_ .（A）stick to the best option（B） compare the advantages and disadvantages of different options（C） ask oth
49、er people for advice（D）try the best option but be ready to abandon it once it turns out to be not good40 Americans still have been gaining weight, although they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years. Indeed, cutting fat to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates(碳水化合物) which break down into amino acids and simple sugars respectively, have just four. Moreover, the body uses
