1、2015 年上半年中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 The phrase “in bed“ is pronounced as_in real speech.（A）/inbed/（B） /imbed/（C） /inb d/（D）/imb d/2 There are two syllables in the word “photo“. / u/ occurs in both syllables, but the first one is_the second because it is stressed.（A）longer than（B） sh
2、orter than（C） as long as（D）as short as3 Jimmy asked Mary to lend him some money, which she agreed to,_ that he paid her back the following month.（A）on occasion（B） in case（C） under circumstances（D）on condition4 Zhang Juns teacher suggests that he take a(n)_language course to improve his English.（A）in
3、termediate（B） middle（C） medium（D）average5 It is reported that the_of the country, from hotels to transport, is old and decrepit.（A）industrialization（B） infrastructure（C） correspondence（D）commutation6 _conscious of her moral obligations as a citizen.（A）Marsha was and always will be（B） Marsha has to b
4、e and always will be（C） Marsha had been and will always be（D）Marsha has been and will always be7 Potential subjects should be informed of the research and_ an opportunity to decide if they want to participate.（A）gave（B） giving（C） give（D）be given8 Dont be discouraged. _and you will surely pass the ex
5、am.（A）Make a bit more effort（B） To make a bit more effort（C） Making a bit more effort（D）If you make a more effort9 What would you say to the hotel receptionist to get a double room?（A）Rent us a double room.（B） Book us a double room.（C） Wed like to have a double room.（D）Lets have a double room.10 Whi
6、ch of the following best represents the order from a harsh command to a very polite request? a. Could you close the door? b. Close the door. c. Please close the door. d. Would you please close the door?（A）b-c-a-d（B） c-b-a-d（C） d-a-c-b（D）c-b-d-a11 The first P in the PPP teaching model stands for_, wh
7、ich aims to get learners to perceive the form and meaning of a structure.（A）practice（B） production（C） presentation（D）preparation12 The main objective of mechanical practice is to help students learn by heart the _ of a language item.（A）meaning（B） function（C） context（D）form13 The_method is more fitte
8、d to the explicit presentation of grammar when the basic structure is being identified.（A）inductive（B） contrastive（C） comparative（D）deductive14 Which of the following can be regarded as a communicative language task?（A）Information-gap activity.（B） Dictation.（C） Sentence transformation.（D）Blank-filli
9、ng.15 If a teacher asks students to concentrate on such features as structure, coherence and cohesion of a text, he/she aims at developing students_.（A）strategic competence（B） cultural awareness（C） communicative competence（D）discourse awareness16 English teachers often ask students to_a passage to g
10、et the gist of it.（A）skim（B） scan（C） predict（D）infer17 The correct meaning of a lexical item in a given context is_.（A）the one provided in a dictionary（B） the one which best fits the context（C） the central or core meaning of the item（D）the one which is assumed to be correct18 In writing, students ma
11、y not know how to put something into proper English and thus ask their teacher for help. Here the teacher is to play the role of a/an_.（A）facilitator（B） assessor（C） controller（D）participant19 A/An_ language test, such as IELTS or TOEFL, is developed on the basis of a fixed standard.（A）individual-ref
12、erenced（B） peer-referenced（C） norm-referenced（D）criterion-referenced20 A systematic textbook evaluation is NOT to examine whether a textbook_.（A）covers all grammatical rules（B） provides authentic language（C） matches the needs of learners（D）can help realize the objectives of a language program二、简答题21
13、 简述 scanning 的含义并举一例说明其基本用途。写出训练该项技能时的三条注意事项，并用英语写出两句相关的教师指令语。三、教学情境分析题22 下面是某教师在阅读课教案中设计的教学目标。该单元的话题是 Animals。根据所给信息从下列三个方面作答：(1)分析上述教学目标存在的三个问题；(2)提出三条相应的建议；(3)分别修改各项教学目标。四、教学设计题23 设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节英语听说课的教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：teaching objectivesteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajo
14、r steps and time allocationactivities and justification 教学时间：45分钟 学生概况：某城镇普通中学七年级(初中一年级)学生，班级人数 40 人，多数学生已经达到义务教育英语课程标准(2011 年版)二级水平，学生课堂参与积极性一般。 语言素材：Interviewer: Scott has an interesting job. He works at a radio station. Scott, what time is your radio show?Scott: From twelve o clock at night to si
15、x o clock in the morning. Interviewer: What time do you usually get up?Scott: At eight thirty at night. Then I eat breakfast at nine.Interviewer: That s a funny time for breakfast!Scott: Yeah. After that, I usually exercise at about ten twenty.Interviewer: When do you go to work?Scott: At eleven o c
16、lock, so I m never late for work.五、阅读理解23 For many people, there is a very well-established stereotype that the first-class American universities are simply the best. However, I am not quite convinced of that. When I look back at my academic formation in the USA and compare it to the academic format
17、ion some of my friends had at Brazil, I dont feel like I am more prepared than my peers. Thus, I am currently facing a dilemma of whether to pursue my graduate studies in Brazil or in the USA.The difference in our academic backgrounds, however, is the more liberal nature of American education. From
18、my experience at Georgetown, and from what I know of American higher education, there are very few strict requirements imposed on students. Generally speaking, you are relatively free to take whichever classes you want, provided that they are under the scope of your major field of study.To illustrat
19、e, I compared the masters degrees in economics from Duke and Fundacao Getulio Vargas(FGV), a Brazilian university. I chose to present a master s degree comparison here because the short two-year study period makes it simpler than comparing a four-year program. Dukes program works like this: you pick
20、 a field of study and then have a required number of courses that you have to take in certain areas. Most of the requirements are not course-specific, but area-specific. With some fields of study, you can skip certain areas altogether. If you choose to get a masters degree in applied economics, for
21、instance, you dont have to take any mathematics courses. In FGV, all economics students need to take the same core structure: Microeconomics 1 through 4, Macroeconomics 1 through 3, Econometrics, Statistics 1 and 2, and Math for Economics 1 and 2. From then on, you can specialize in certain fields,
22、and the elective structure seems to be the same as in Duke: you pick five electives from your main area of interest.This seems to be the same kind of difference that I noticed comparing what I studied in Georgetown as an undergraduate to what some of my friends studied in their undergraduate careers
23、 in Brazil. Now, is this more liberal education good or bad? There are factors pulling it each way, and the ideal solution, in my view, is a reasonable middle ground. What I see happening in American universities, however, is a little too much liberalization. Too much liberty tends to encourage stud
24、ents to take the more “interesting“ courses, and ignore those that are considered most “boring“. The problem is that many of these “boring“ courses are usually foundational courses, which give students the analytical tools they need in order to be truly competent in their fields of study.In the end,
25、 I feel like American universities sometimes delegate too much responsibility to students in terms of choosing their academic careers. For me, this is troubling. Students in their twenties usually have very little experience in the field they are studying, and many times they don t really know the t
26、ools they need to succeed in their area of interest. It is certainly the case in my situation. Fortunately, I research and discuss a lot before picking my classes, and was able to take advantage of my liberal American education to build both a strong foundation and take classes that interest me. But
27、 is this always the case? From my experience, I think not. What I see happening at Georgetown is that many students just pick the classes they find most interesting, without any real consideration of how it is going to support their overall academic formation. This result is a deficit in fundamental
28、s.24 Which of the following influences the writers judgment of the universities in the passage?（A）The academic information provided by his friends in Brazil.（B） The information obtained from the university authorities.（C） Those commonly held beliefs concerning the ranking of universities.（D）The lear
29、ning experience of himself in the USA and that of his friends in Brazil.25 Why did the writer choose to compare the masters programs rather than the bachelors programs?（A）It is easier to make such a comparison.（B） The masters program may better illustrate the difference.（C） The masters program is si
30、mpler than the bachelors program.（D）It is of less interest to the writer to compare the bachelors programs.26 Which of the following can be inferred as the writers attitude towards the American higher education?（A）Biased.（B） Positive.（C） Critical.（D）Negative.27 Which of the following is true about t
31、he writers experience?（A）He has benefited from the American education.（B） He has been harmed by the American education.（C） He has not laid a solid foundation for his academic career.（D）He has selected courses that do not support his overall academic formation.28 Which of following words is closest i
32、n meaning to “ deficit“ in the last PARAGRAPH?（A）Deficiency.（B） Sufficiency.（C） Requirement.（D）Decline.28 One evening, while Marcos Ugarte was doing his homework and his father, Eduardo, prepared lesson plans, they heard someone yelling outside. Eduardo, 47, and Marcos, 15, stepped onto the porch of
33、 their home in Troutdale, Oregon, and saw a commotion four doors down, outside the home of their neighbors, the Ma family. “I didnt think anything was wrong,“ Eduardo recalls. “I told Marcos we should give them some privacy.“ He headed back inside, but Marcoss eye was caught by a glow from the Ma ho
34、use.“Dad, the house is on fire! “ Marcos cried.Clad only in shorts, the barefoot teen sprinted toward the Mas home with his dad. Grandmother Yim Ma, mother Suzanne Ma, and son Nathan Ma were gathered on the front lawn yelling for help. When the Ugartes got there, they saw father Alex Ma stumbling do
35、wn the stairs, coughing, his face black with soot.“Is anyone else in the house?“ Eduardo asked.“My son! “ Alex managed to say, pointing to the second floor. Eduardo started up the stairs, but thick, black smoke, swirling ash, and intense heat forced him to his knees. He crawled upstairs and down the
36、 hall where Alex said he would find Cody, eight, who had locked himself in a bedroom.As the fire raged across the hall, Eduardo banged on the bedroom door and tried to turn the doorknob. Cody didn t respond. Eduardo made his way back downstairs.Meanwhile, Marcos saw Yim and Suzanne pulling an alumin
37、um ladder out of the garage. “Cody was standing at the window, screaming for help,“ says Marcos. “I knew I had to do something.“ He grabbed the ladder, positioned it near the window, and climbed toward the boy.When Marcos reached the window, he pushed the screen into the room and coaxed Cody out. “I
38、ts OK,“ Marcos told him. “Ive got you.“Holding Cody with one arm, Marcos descended the ladder.When firefighters arrived, plumes of black smoke were billowing from the back of the house as flames engulfed the second floor. Emergency personnel took Cody to a nearby hospital, where he was treated for s
39、moke inhalation and released. No one else was injured. The cause of the blaze is still under investigation.“You just dont see a teenager have that kind of composure,“ says Mark Maunder, Gresham Fire Department battalion chief.The Ma family relocated. The day after the fire, Alex visited Marcos. “Tha
40、nk you for saving my son. Alex said. “You are his hero forever.“29 What did Eduardo mean when he said to his son “. we should give them some privacy“?（A）He was indifferent to his neighbors.（B） He wanted his son to do his homework.（C） He would like to concentrate on his own work.（D）He thought that no
41、thing unusual occurred in the neighborhood.30 How many people are there in the Ma family?（A）Five.（B） Six.（C） Three.（D）Four.31 Whom does the underlined word “he“ in PARAGRAPH 5 refers to?（A）Alex.（B） Eduardo.（C） Marcos.（D）Nathan.32 What does the underlined word “composure“ in the last but one PARAGRAP
42、H mean?（A）Sympathy.（B） Bravery.（C） Calmness.（D）Warm-heartedness.33 Which of the following is the best title for the passage?（A）Fire Upstairs in the Neighbors House（B） A Mysterious Fire That Causes No Death（C） Teen Braves Blaze to Help Neighbors in Need（D）Importance of Neighbors Help in Times of Diff
43、iculty2015 年上半年中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷答案与解析一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查音的同化。in，bed 原本分别读In，bed，但作为相邻词一起发音时，因唇形的影响而发生了同化：n是齿龈音， b是双唇音，n在双唇音b前面被同化成双唇音m。所以 in bed 读作Imbed。2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查音的重读。元音字母在重读者节中读音响而长，在非重读音节中短而轻。“o”在重读音节中的发音会比其在非重读音节中的发音拖得略长一些。单词 photo 第一个音节中为重读音节，第二个为非重读音节，故选 A。3 【正确答案】
44、D【试题解析】 考查介词短语辨析。句意为“Jimmy 向 Mary 借钱，她同意了，下周还钱”。四个选项中只有 on condition 后面跟 that 从句(=if，provided that) ，表示“如果，只要，条件是”，强调某人采取行动前必须事先认可的条件。on occasion“间或，有时”，in case“假使，万一”，under circumstances 中间通常加形容词，表示“在情况下”。故选 D。4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查近义词辨析。intermediate“ 中等程度的，中级的 ”，侧重难易程度；middle“中间的”，侧重方位和时间；medium“中等的，
45、中号的(尺寸、数量、规模等)” ，average“平均的；普通的，一般的”。根据句意可知，张军的老师建议他参加一门中级水平的语言课程来提高他的英语水平，故选 A。5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查名词辨析。句意为“据报道，从宾馆到交通，这个国家所有的都已陈旧失修”。industrialization“工业化”，infrastructure“ 公共建设，基础设施”，correspondence“ 往来信件，通信；一致”，commutation“减刑；代偿”。根据 from hotels to transport，可知 B 项最符合句意。6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查动词时态。四个选项
46、中都有连词 and 连接两个时态，因此前后时态必须相互搭配，只有 D 项的前后两种时态搭配。连词前面用现在完成时态，后面用一般将来时态，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在并将延续到将来的一种状态。be conscious of 意为“意识到”。句意为“Marsha 一直记得而且也将永远记得她作为一名公民所应有的道德责任”。7 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查动词的语态。后半句的主语是代词 they，谓语动词是 give，根据句意应是“他们被提供机会决定是否要参与研究”，故用被动语态。8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查祈使句。祈使句的基本结构是“动词原形+其他”。常考的特殊结构还有“祈使句+an
47、d thenor+陈述句”，该结构相当于一个由 if 引导的条件状语从句。Make a bit more effort and you will surely pass the exam=If you make a bit more effort，you will surely pass the exam意为“再努力一点，你一定能通过考试的”。故选 A。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查交际用语。订房间的礼貌用语应该是：Wed like to have。rent 意思是“租用 ”，与 hotel 提供的服务是不一致的，且语气生硬；B、D 项的语气和用法都不合适。故选 C。10 【正确答案】
48、 A【试题解析】 考查口语交际中的礼貌用语。在英语口语交际中的祈使句表示一种命令和要求，而疑问句则多表示请求。由此可知 b 的语气最强烈，用排除法可以直接选出 A 项。c 也是祈使句，但是与 please 连用，相比 b 来说礼貌一点；用Would you please是最礼貌的一种请求。故选 A。11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查 3P 教学模式。所谓 3P 教学模式，即：presentation(呈现)practice(操练)production(输出) 。我们可以将这三个阶段理解成：教师教学生练学生用。在教学过程中，教师首先给学生引入和展现某个特定的语言形式、结构、功能等，通过练习
49、使学生掌握其意义，然后再让学生进行假设交际，从而达到语言的输出，形成学习成果。12 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查语言练习的目的。机械型练习，如重复、替换等，这种练习在内容上受到严格控制，着重训练学生熟练掌握语法点的结构形式。13 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查语法教学方法。演绎法(The deductive method)是先说明语法结构，之后让学生进行练习。归纳法(The inductive method)是先给出一些例子，让学生通过讨论等方式自己总结出语法规则。题干是对演绎法特征的描述。14 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查交际性语言活动。信息差活动(Information-gap activity)是指通过设置活动，持不同信息的双方为了了解对方的信息，产生交流的愿望和想法，从而通过交际手段、交换信息等完成任务，是交际语言任务的一种，故选 A。15 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查语篇教学。语篇(discourse)由一个以上的句子或语段组
