1、教师公开招聘考试（中学英语）模拟试卷 35 及答案与解析词汇与结构1 近代被誉为“ 教育史上的哥白尼 ”的教育家，其代表作是 ( )。（A）民主主义与教育（B） 教育漫话（C） 爱弥儿（D）大教学论2 下列表述中，最能体现启发式教学思想的是( )。（A）道而弗牵（B）知行合一（C）学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆（D）博学之，审问之，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之3 王老师在教学中比较重视基本概念、原理及学习方法的教授。他所遵循的学习理论是( )。（A）行为主义学习理论（B）认知结构学习理论（C）认知同化学习理论（D）建构主义学习理论4 子日：“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。” 这句话所强调的影响学习
2、的因素是( )。（A）知识和兴趣（B）兴趣和努力（C）兴趣和情感（D）情感和努力5 关于学校教育在人的发展中的作用，下列表述正确的是( )。（A）在人的发展中起决定作用（B）在人的发展中起主导作用（C）在人的发展中起塑造作用（D）在人的发展中起定型作用6 在教育活动中居于主导地位，对整个教育起指导作用的是( )。（A）教育内容（B）教育方法（C）教育目的（D）教学组织形式7 新课程提出“ 知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观” 的三维课程目标。这与下列哪位教育家所提出的教育目标类型基本一致?( )（A）杜威（B）布卢姆（C）布鲁纳（D）泰勒8 儿童身心发展有两个高速发展期，新生儿与青春期，
3、这是身心发展( )规律的反映。（A）顺序性（B）不平衡性（C）阶段性（D）个别差异性9 为了要记住“ 桌子”“巧克力”这两个词，而在这两个词中间加上一些 “桌子上放着巧克力”等这样的联系，这是( ) 记忆策略的运用。（A）注意策略（B）复述策略（C）精细加工策略（D）组织策略10 根据皮亚杰的认知发展阶段理论，儿童具备守恒一般是在( )。（A）感知运动阶段（B）前运算阶段（C）具体运算阶段（D）形式运算阶段11 学生的“向师性 ”和“爱模仿”的心理特点决定了教师的角色具有 ( )。（A）示范性（B）管理性（C）传道性（D）创造性12 当一个孩子触到一个取暖器时，他就可以学到“烫” 这个词的意义
4、，同时也学会了以后对所有的取暖器都要当心，迅速学到的这些内容和意义都会长期保留在孩子的记忆中。这种学习方法属于( )。（A）认知派的有意义学习（B）人本主义的意义学习（C）行为主义的条件反射（D）新行为主义的社会学习13 根据阿特金森的成就动机理论，如果某类学生选择成功率为 50的任务，那么对他们来讲，不可能的情形是( )。（A）避免失败的动机大于获取成就的动机（B）探索一个问题，在遇到一定量的失败之后，反而会增强其解决这一类问题的愿望（C）对于完全不可能成功或稳操胜券的任务，动机水平会下降（D）如果获得成功太容易的话，反而会降低其动机14 按照认知心理学的观点，划分机械学习与有意义学习的主要
5、依据是( )。（A）新旧知识间是否建立非人为的实质性联系（B）学生是否主动学习，反复练习（C）要学习的主要内容是教师呈现还是由学生发现（D）学习的目的是解决问题还是获得知识15 教学策略是对教学活动进行调节控制的一系列执行过程，不包括( )。（A）教学思想的确定过程（B）教学方法的执行过程（C）教学活动的元认知过程（D）教学活动的调控过程阅读理解15 Trogmire Troll was dealing with a crisis. The new girl in class really liked him a lot. Trogmire was not happy about it.Tro
6、gmires good friend, Tremor Troll, tried to comfort him. “Whats the big deal? I think Treasure Troll is kind of cute. And she seems to be nice enough.“Trogmire swallowed his last bite of poison sumac salad and glared at Tremor. “Then why dont you ask her to be your girlfriend? There she is, sitting a
7、ll by herself at the other end of the cafeteria. March over there and ask her to be your sweetie-poo!“Shes crazy about you, not me,“ Tremor replied.“Well, I dont want any girlfriend, especially not a weird pesky one like her!“ Trogmire growled.Tremor wouldnt give up. “The only thing pesky about her
8、is that she keeps writing you those notes and she stares.“Yucky love notes!“ Trogmire interrupted. He took another sip of mole milk. “Did you notice those strange brown eyes? Why arent they normal red or pink?“Tremor took another look at Treasure. “I think her face is a lovely shade of green. And he
9、r dark green curly hair is quite pretty. Besides, shes very sweet and thats what really matters.“Trogmire stuck out his tongue. “I think Im going to be sick! Id better save my dessert for later.“ He crammed a small bag of Maggot Munchies into his even smaller shirt pocket. “The fact is, I have a pro
10、blem. That girl is getting on my nerves!“Tremor followed Trogmires example and decided to save his dessert for later. However, he carefully placed the bag into his lunch box. “Do you have any ideas about how to solve your problem?“ Tremor asked.“Im going to be mean and rude to her,“ Trogmire announc
11、ed. “Ill call her names and make ugly faces at her.“Thats how you treat everyone,“ Tremor reminded his friend. Trogmire nodded. “Its time that Treasure got to know the real Troll!“16 How did Treasure Troll feel about Trogmire Troll?（A）She didnt like him because he was rude.（B） She was annoyed by his
12、 strange appearance.（C） She didnt have any strong feelings about him.（D）She liked him a lot.17 How did Trogmire feel about Treasure?（A）He felt annoyed.（B） He enjoyed the attention.（C） He wasnt aware that she existed.（D）He was crazy about her.18 Which of the following statements is TRUE?（A）Trogmire p
13、retended to be rude in order to make Treasure stop liking him.（B） Tremor thought that looks were more important than personality.（C） Tremor thought that Treasure was cute.（D）Trogmire offered his dessert to Treasure to make her sick.18 Among the most popular books being written today are those which
14、are usually classified as science fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films in recent years have been based on science fiction stories.It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development i
15、n literature, but it can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hun
16、dred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages. Modern science fiction writers dont write about men from Mars or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical
17、 developments on society and the human mind; or in imagining future world which are a reflection of the world which we live in now. Because of this their writing has obviously political undertones.In an age where science fact frequently overtakes. science fiction, the writers may find it difficult t
18、o keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.19 Which of the following statements cant pro
19、ve that science fiction is very popular today?（A）Hundreds of titles are published every year.（B） All kinds of people love it.（C） Some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories.（D）Science fiction can be found in books written hundreds of years ago.20 In t
20、he past, science fiction was probably concerned with_.（A）men from Mars or space adventures stories（B） prediction the results of technical developments on society（C） predicting the human mind（D）imagining future worlds which are a reflection of the modern world21 According to the passage, we know that
21、_.（A）science fiction is a fairly new development in literature（B） the history of science fiction is less than a hundred years（C） the science fiction in the past is more popular than modern science fiction（D）modern science fiction usually has obviously political undertones22 The underlined word “over
22、takes“ in the last paragraph means_.（A）takes the place of（B） is more meaningful than（C） develops more quickly than（D）develops more slowly than22 Europes world status had drastically changed. Its individual nations, once great powers, were dwarfedpolitically and militarily by the United States and th
23、e former Soviet Union, numerically by India and China, economically by the United States, Japan, and any new economic powers that might emerge. Europes empires had been widely separated; and yet, like the rest of the worlds rich Northern Hemisphere, it could not shrug off the poor and hungry million
24、s in the South It is all the more reasonable, therefore, for Europe countries to come togethernot merely to hold their own political and economic superpowers but also to maximize their power to meet their responsibilities in the world.20th-century Europe had witnessed and shared in extraordinarily r
25、apid technological change. Computers, industrial robots and genetic engineering are only its most obvious recent examples. The splitting of the atom had vastly multiplied humanitys power to destroy itself. Jet aircraft, space travel and electronic telecommunications had revolutionized the sense of d
26、istance and scale. Radio and television, still more than the cinema, had become truly “mass media“, with satellites giving all broadcasts in the global range. But economic progress had not kept pace with technology; in a world of potential plenty and well-being, there were still both poverty and pol
27、lution. Political progress had been slower still. International cooperation was increasing, but the basic political unit remained the nation-state. That dated from an age when the fastest means of travel had been a galloping horse. This was why the founders of the EC, as Monnet said, were not concer
28、ned to make coalitions of states but to unite people. A united Europe along these lines, with common rules and democratic institutions, was in his eyes a pilot plant for a united world.23 According to the second sentence,_.（A）India has a longer history than Europe（B） Europe is much more developed th
29、an India（C） India has a bigger population than Europe（D）Europe has greater political and military power24 The underlined “it could not shrug off the poor and hungry millions in the South“ in the third sentence means_.（A）it should care more for its own poor people in southern Europe（B） it should not
30、put away its responsibilities for supporting the poor nations（C） it should not be arrogant towards the developing countries（D）it alone could not support the poor people in most third world countries25 The author seems to_.（A）support the idea of a united Europe（B） favor making common rules for Europe
31、（C） object to the coalitions of European states（D）love to see Europe not doing its duty for the world短文改错25 I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people. Before long, a train inspector comes to check out tickets. A passenger reali
32、zed he couldnt find his ticket but became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success. No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or ev
33、en noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet, they had so quickly offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to live in.简答题35 Mother Teresa once said, “Every time you smile at someone, it is an action of love, a gift to that person, a b
34、eautiful thing.“ However a recent survey showed that 25% of Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five times a day. It also found that 2% of Chinese were willing to smile at strangers.To make a change, forty students from Shanghai Normal University started a team of “Smiling Volunteers“. Their fi
35、rst smiling task was to smile at all the visitors in the Shanghai Film Art Centre and asked if they needed their help. Not all students found it easy to smile all the time. “When volunteers help other people, smiling is the best way to make them understand that volunteers are ready and sincere.“ One
36、 team leader said.A teacher in charge of the team thought the teams work was not all fun and games. “Most of our students will be teachers after they leave the university. Smiling is necessary for good teachers. We hope they can learn how to smile at each other,“ she said.Everyone smiles in the same
37、 language. So its not important whether you are a teacher or not. After all, sincere smiling and helping hearts are the most important.如果你没有以一个微笑开始新的一天，那从现在开始，为了明天而进行练习也为时不晚。 Remember “The world always looks brighter from behind a smile.“36 How many Chinese never smiled or smiled less than five time
38、s a day?37 Who were the members of the team of “Smiling Volunteers“?38 Where did the university students do their first task?39 Translate the Chinese sentence in paragraph 4 into English.40 Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 into Chinese.书面表达41 Directions: Some people think that all un
39、iversity students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology Whats your view about what subject university students should study? You are required to write a com
40、position within 180 words, but no less than 150 words.教师公开招聘考试（中学英语）模拟试卷 35 答案与解析词汇与结构1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 夸美纽斯被誉为教育学之父，在教育史上位置举足轻重，又被誉为教育史上的哥白尼。夸美纽斯的代表作是大教学论。2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 学记日：“故君子之教，喻也；道而弗牵，强而弗抑，开而弗达。道而弗牵则和，强而弗抑则易，开而弗达则思。和、易、以思，可谓善喻矣。”意思是高明的教师教学，在于善于引导：要引导学生，但决不牵着学生的鼻子；要严格要求学生，但决不使学生感到压抑；要在问题开头启发学生
41、思考，决不把最终结果端给学生。这里体现了启发式教学的思想。所以此题选 A。3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 布鲁纳的认知结构学习理论主张教学的最终目标是促进学生对学科结构的一般理解。所谓学科的基本结构，是指学科的基本概念、基本原理、基本态度和方法。4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 这句话意思是说，对于学习，了解它的人，不如爱好它的人；爱好学习的人，又不如以学习为乐的人。这句话强调的是学习兴趣和情感体验在学习中的重要性。5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 学校教育在人的身心发展中起主导作用的表现：学校教育对于个体发展作出社会性规范：学校教育具有加速个体发展的特殊功能； 学校教育对个体发展的影响具有
42、即时和延时的价值；学校教育具有开发个体特殊才能和发展个性的功能。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 教育目的是教育的核心问题，是国家对培养人的总的要求，它规定着人才的质量和规格，对教育工作具有全程性的指导作用。7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 布卢姆等人在 20 世纪 50 年代提出的教学目标分类理论中，将教学活动所要实现的整体目标分为：认知、动作技能、情感三大领域，并从实现各个领域的最终目标出发，确定了一系列的目标序列，其中，在认知领域的目标分类最为大家所熟悉。8 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 个体身心发展的不平衡性具体表现为：一是同一方面的发展在不同的年龄阶段是不均衡的：二是不同方面所达到的
43、某种发展水平或成熟的时期是不同的。不平衡要求教育要抓关键期。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 题干运用的是精细加工策略中的记忆术。10 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 具体运算阶段(711 岁)的儿童的认知结构已发生了重组和改善，思维具有一定的弹性，思维可以逆转，儿童已经获得了长度、体积、重量和面积等的守恒，能凭借具体事物或从具体事物中获得的表象进行逻辑思维和群集运算。故答案选 C。11 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查教师角色的特点。题干的描述正是体现了教师角色的示范性特点。12 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 奥苏贝尔认为意义学习的本质是以符号为代表的新观念与学习者认知结构中原有的适当观念建
44、立起非人为的和实质性的联系的过程，是原有观念对新观念的同化过程。在这个例子中，这个小孩不仅学到了“烫”的定义，他的生活经验和态度也改变了，因此属于人本主义的意义学习。13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 阿特金森的理论认为，个体的成就动机分为两部分趋向成功的倾向和避免失败的倾向。如果一个学生获取成就的动机大于避免失败的动机，他们为了要探索一个问题，在遇到一定量的失败之后，反而会提高他们去解决这一问题的愿望，而且另一方面，如果获得成功太容易的话，反而会减低这些学生的动机。研究表明。这种学生最有可能选择成功概率约为 50的任务。所以此题选 A。14 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 奥苏贝尔提出，有意义
45、学习过程的实质，就是符号所代表的新知识与学习者认知结构中已有的适当观念建立非人为的和实质性的联系。这一论断既给有意义学习下了明确的定义，也指出了划分机械学习与有意义学习的两条标准。15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 教学策略包括教学活动的元认知过程、教学活动的调控过程和教学方法的执行过程。阅读理解16 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 细节题。第一段第二句指出“The new gift in class really liked him a lot”，再结合第二段中的“Whats the big deal? I think Treasure Troll is kind of cute”，可知“Th
46、e new girl”指的就是 Treasure Troll，故选 D。17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 细节题。根据第一段第三句“Trogmire was not happy about it”和整篇文章，可知 Trogmire Troll 并不喜欢 Treasure Troll，故选 A。18 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 细节题。第二段中的“Whats the big deal? I think Treasure Troll is kind of cute”是 Tremor Troll 对 Treasure Troll 的看法，故选 C。19 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 细节题。根据
47、文章第一段的内容可判断 A、B 、C 项均能证明科幻小说是最受欢迎的书籍之一。而 D 项“科幻小说可以追溯到成百上千年前 ”，这是在说科幻小说的起源，并不能证明科幻小说很受欢迎。 20 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 推断题。定位于文章第二段第二句话“These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society，a theme which is still often found in modem stories”，这些书(科幻小说)关注呈现理想社会的一些形态，这个主题在现代的小说中也可以
48、找到。由这句话推断，过去的科幻小说应该注重于呈现他们根据现实社会所想象的理想的社会，故选 D。21 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 细节题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Because of this their writing has obviously political undertones”，可知科幻小说家的创作会有很鲜明的政治底色，故 D 正确。文中第二段第一句说科幻小说经常被认为是一个很新的文学形式，但是在千年前就可以找到科幻小说，所以 A 项不对；根据文章第二段第一句，文中说的是“hundreds of years ago(成百上千年前)”，不是“less than a hundred
49、years”，所以 B 项不对；对于 C 项，文章第一段说现在科幻小说很流行，并没有比较科幻小说在现在还是在过去更出名。故选 D。22 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 词义题。定位于文中最后一段第一句话“In an age where science fact frequently overtakes science fiction，the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances”，科幻小说家很难保持在科学进步的前端，应该是由于这个时代科学发展太快了，导致科学事实超过了科学幻想。故选 C。23 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 细节题。根据本文第二句话可知，如今欧洲诸国已经风光不再，政治军事实力比不过美国和前苏联，人口数比不过印度和中国，经济实力比不过美国和日本以及可能出现的新经济体。所以只有 C 项符合题意。24 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 语义题。根据第三句可知，欧洲帝国已经分崩离析，然而像北半球其他的富国一样，它也不能蔑视南半球那
